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| 1 | Enhanced expression of interleukin-18 in serum and pancreas of patients with chronic pancreatitis显示文摘AIM: To investigate interleukin-18 (IL-18) in patients with chronic panreatitis (CP). METHODS: We studied 29 patients with CP and 30 healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were isolated and incubated with 50 mmol/L ethanol, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (doses 25 g/L, 250 g/L, 2500 g/L) and both agents for 24 h. Levels of IL-18 in the supernatants, and levels of IL-18, IL-12, interferon (IFN)-γ and soluble CD14 in the serum were analysed by ELISA technique. Expression of IL-18 in PBMC was investigated by reverse-transcription (RT)-PCR. IL-18 protein levels in CP tissue and in normal pancreas were studied by ELISA technique. IL-18 levels in PBMC and pancreatic tissue were determined by Westernblot. Im-munohistochemistry for pancreatic IL-18 expression was performed. RESULTS: In patients, IL-18 serum levels were signifi-cantly enhanced by 76% (mean: 289.9 ± 167.7 ng/L) compared with controls (mean: 165.2 ± 43.6 ng/L; P < 0.0005). IL-12 levels were enhanced by 25% in patients (18.3 ± 7.3 ng/L) compared with controls (14.7 ± 6.8ng/L, P = 0.0576) although not reaching the statistical significance. IFN-γ and soluble CD14 levels were not in-creased. In vitro, LPS stimulated significantly and dose-dependently IL-18 secretion from PBMC. Incubation with ethanol reduced LPS-stimulated IL-18 secretion by about 50%. The mRNA expression of IL-18 in PBMC and the response of PBMC to ethanol and LPS was similar in CP patients and controls. In PBMC, no significant differences in IL-18 protein levels were detected between patients and controls. IL-18 protein levels were increased in CP tissues compared to normal pancreatic tissues. IL-18 was expressed by pancreatic acinar cells and by infiltrating inflammatory cells within the pancreas. CONCLUSION: IL-18 originates from the chronically inflammed pancreas and appears to be involved in the fibrotic destruction of the organ. | Alexander Schneider Stephan L Haas Ralf Hildenbrand Sren Siegmund Iris Reinhard Helmut Nakovics Manfred V Singer Peter Feick | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，40： | 4 |
| 2 | How Males and Females Differ in Their Likelihood of Transmit ting Negative Word of Mouth 显示文摘 | ZHANG Y FEICK L MITTAL V | 2014 | Journal of Con- sumer Research2014，40，6： | 1 |
| 3 | An adipogenic serum factor in genetically obese rodents显示文摘 | LOFFLER G FEICK G HAUNER H HERBERG L | 1983 | FEBS Lett1983，153，： | 1 |
| 4 | A penny for your thoughts: Referral reward programs and referral likelihood 显示文摘 | Ryu G Feick L | 2007 | Journal of Marketing2007，71，1： | 1 |
| 5 | The market maven: A diffuser of marketplace information 显示文摘 | Feick L F Price L L | 1987 | Journal of Marketing1987，，： | 1 |
| 6 | Consumer Knowledge Assessment 显示文摘 | Park C Whan Mothersbaugh David L Feick Lawrence | 1994 | Journal of Consumer Research1994，21，： | 1 |
| 7 | Rethinking the ori- gins of involvement and brand commitment:Insights from postsocialist central Europe 显示文摘 | Coulter R A Price L L Feick L | 2003 | Journal of Con- sumer Research2003，30，2： | 1 |
| 8 | The impact of switching costs on the customer satisfaction-loyalty link: Mobile phone service in France 显示文摘 | LEE J FEICK L | 2001 | Journal of Services Marketing2001，，1： | 1 |
| 9 | The role of product type and country of origin in decisions about choice of endorser ethnicity in advertising显示文摘 | Ryu G Park J Feick L | 2006 | Psychology & Marketings2006，23，6： | 1 |
| 10 | A Penny for Your thoughts:Referral Reward Programs and Referral Likelihood 显示文摘 | RYU G FEICK L F | 2007 | Journal of Marketing2007，71，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Types and amount of word-of-mouth communications about retailers 显示文摘 | HIGIE R A FEICK L F PRICE L L | 1987 | Journalof Retailing1987，，63： | 1 |
| 12 | The impact of switching costs on the customer satisfaction loyalty link: Mobile phone service in France 显示文摘 | Lee J Feick L | 2001 | The Journal of Services Marketing2001，15，1： | 1 |
| 13 | The Market Maven: A Diffuser of Market-place Information显示文摘 | Feick L F Price L L | 1987 | Journal of Marketing1987，51，1： | 1 |
| 14 | The Role of Interpersonal Sources in External Search: An Informational Perspective 显示文摘 | Price L L L F Feick | 1984 | Advances in Consumer Research1984，10，： | 1 |
| 15 | The impact of switching costs on the customer-loyalty link:mobile phone service in France显示文摘 | Lee J Feick L | 2001 | Journal of Services Marketing2001，15，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Knowledge and Knowledge of Knowledge : What We Know, What We Think We Know, and Why the Difference Makes a Difference 显示文摘 | Feick L Park C W Mothersbaugh D L | 1992 | Advances in Consumer Research1992，19，1： | 1 |
| 17 | The Impact of Switching Costs on the Customer Satisfaction- loyalty Link: Mobile Phone Service in France 显示文摘 | Lee J Feick L | 2001 | The Journal of Services Marketing2001，15，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Latent class models for the analysis of behavioral hierarchies 显示文摘 | L FEICK | 1987 | Journal of Marketing Research1987，，24： | 1 |
| 19 | The Impact of Switching Costs on the Cus--tomer Satisfaction-loyalty Link:Mobile Phone Service inFrance 显示文摘 | Lee J Feick L | 2001 | The Journal of Services Marketing2001，15，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Consumer knowledge as- sessment 显示文摘 | PARK C W MOTHERABAUGH D FEICK L | 1994 | Journal of consumer research1994，21，1： | 1 |
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