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| 1 | Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy:Indications,technique,complications and management显示文摘Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy(PEG)is the preferred route of feeding and nutritional support in patients with a functional gastrointestinal system who require long-term enteral nutrition.Besides its wellknown advantages over parenteral nutrition,PEG offers superior access to the gastrointestinal system over surgical methods.Considering that nowadays PEG tube placement is one of the most common endoscopic procedures performed worldwide,knowing its indications and contraindications is of paramount importance in current medicine.PEG tubes are sometimes placed inappropriately in patients unable to tolerate adequate oral intake because of incorrect and unrealistic understanding of their indications and what they can accomplish.Broadly,the two main indications of PEG tube placement are enteral feeding and stomach decompression.On the other hand,distal enteral obstruction,severe uncorrectable coagulopathy and hemodynamic instability constitute the main absolute contraindications for PEG tube placement in hospitalized patients.Although generally considered to be a safe procedure,there is the potential for both minor and major complications.Awareness of these potential complications,as well as understanding routine aftercare of the catheter,can improve the quality of care for patients with a PEG tube.These complications can generally be classified into three major categories:endoscopic technical difficulties,PEG procedure-related complications and late complications associated with PEG tube use and wound care.In this review we describe a variety of minor and major tube-related complications as well as strategies for their management and avoidance.Different methods of percutaneous PEG tube placement into the stomach have been described in the literature with the'pull'technique being the most common method.In the last section of this review,the reader is presented with a brief discussion of these procedures,techniques and related issues.Despite the mentioned PEG tube placement complications,this procedure has gained worldwide popularity as a safe enteral access for nutrition in patients with a functional gastrointestinal system. | Ata A Rahnemai-Azar Amir A Rahnemaiazar Rozhin Naghshizadian Amparo Kurtz Daniel T Farkas | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，24： | 38 |
| 2 | Carcinoma in situ in a 7 mm gallbladder polyp: Time to change current practice?显示文摘Detection of polypoid lesions of the gallbladder is increasing in conjunction with better imaging modalities. Accepted management of these lesions depends on their size and symptomatology. Polyps that are symptomatic and/or greater than 10 mm are generally removed, while smaller, asymptomatic polyps simply monitored. Here, a case of carcinoma-in-situ is presented in a 7 mm gallbladder polyp. A 25-year-old woman, who had undergone a routine cholecystectomy, was found to have an incidental 7 mm polyp containing carcinoma in situ. She had few to no risk factors to alert to her condition. There are few reported cases of cancer transformation in gallbladder polyps smaller than 10 mm reported in the literature. The overwhelming consensus, barring significant risk factors for cancer being present, is that such lesions should be monitored until they become symptomatic or develop signs suspicious for malignancy. In our patient's case this could have led to the possibility of missing a neoplastic lesion, which could then have gone on to develop invasive cancer. As gallbladder carcinoma is an aggressive cancer, this may have led to a tragic outcome. | David Kasle Amir A Rahnemai-Azar Shahida Bibi Vinaya Gaduputi Brian F Gilchrist Daniel T Farkas | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，9： | 8 |
| 3 | Gelation of surimi by high hydrostatic pressure显示文摘 | Chung Y C Gebrehiwot A Farkas D F Morrissey M T | 1994 | J Food Sci1994，59，52： | 1 |
| 4 | Consequence of O2 - generation during a bacterially induced hyper-sensifive reaction in tobacco: Detrcioration of membrane lipids显示文摘 | Adam A Farkas T Somlyai G | 1989 | Physiol Mol Plant Pathol1989，34，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Expression of Xanthophyllo-myces dendrorhous cytochrome-P450 hydroxylase and reductase in Mucor circinelloides显示文摘 | Cserneticsá Tóth E Farkas A | 2014 | World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology2014，31，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Quantification of particle deposition in asymmetrical tracheobronchial model geometry 显示文摘 | Farkas A' Bahashozy I | 2008 | Computers in Biology and Medicine2008，38，： | 1 |
| 7 | Fracture in nanolamellar materials:Continuum and atomistic models with application to titanium aluminides显示文摘 | RAMASUBRAMANIAM A CURTIN W A FARKAS D | 2002 | Philosophical Magazine A2002，82，： | 1 |
| 8 | Minimum cost design of a welded orthogonally stiffened cylindrical shell 显示文摘 | Jarmai K Snyman J A Farkas J | 2006 | Computers and Structures2006，，84： | 1 |
| 9 | Monocyte-derived interferon-alpha primed dendritic cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis: new pieces in the puzzle显示文摘 | Farkas A Kem6ny L | 2012 | Int Immunopharmacol2012，13，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Spectra of ' Real - World' Graphs: Beyond the Semicircle Law 显示文摘 | Farkas I J Derenyi I Barabasi A L | 2001 | Physical Review E2001，64，02： | 1 |
| 11 | The receptor for advanced glyeation end products (RAGE) sustains autophagy and limits apoptosis, promoting pancreatic tumor cell survival 显示文摘 | Kang R Tang D Schapiro NE Livesey KM Farkas A Longhran P | 2010 | Cell Death Differ2010，17，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Ontology Guided XML Security Engine显示文摘 | STOICA A FARKAS C | 2004 | Journal of Intelligent Information Systems2004，23，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Plastic deformation mechanisms in nanocrystalline columnar grain structures显示文摘 | Diana Farkas William A Curtin | 2005 | Materims Science and Engineering A2005，412，： | 1 |
| 14 | Effect of thermal treatment on moisture transport during steam cooking of skipjack tuna (Katsuwonas pelamis)显示文摘 | BELL J W FARKAS B E HALE S A | 2001 | J Food Scie2001，66，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Double-barrel free fibula flap for treatment of infected nonunion of both forearm bones显示文摘 | Saint-eyr M Farkas J Gupta A | 2008 | J Reconstr Microsurg2008，24，8： | 1 |
| 16 | Molecular dynamics investigation of the fracture behavior of nanocrystalline alpha-Fe显示文摘 | LATAPIE A FARKAS D | 2004 | Physical Review B2004，69，13： | 1 |
| 17 | 1-stage feminizing genitoplasty: 8 years of experience with 49 cases 显示文摘 | Farkas A Chertin B Hadas Halpren I | 2001 | J Urol2001，165，62： | 1 |
| 18 | Influence of tobacco marketing and exposur e to smokers on adolescent susceptibility to smoking显示文摘 | Evans N Farkas A Gilpin E | 1995 | J Natl Cancer Inst1995，87，： | 1 |
| 19 | Dendritic cell based therapeutic vaccination against cancer显示文摘 | NESTLE FO FARKAS A CONRAD C | 2005 | Curr Opin immunol2005，17，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Ultra-High pressure pasteurization of fresh cut pineapple显示文摘 | Alemen G D Farkas D F Tortes J A | 1994 | Food Protection1994，57，： | 1 |
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