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| 1 | Esophageal motility abnormalities in gastroesophageal reflux disease显示文摘Esophageal motility abnormalities are among the main factors implicated in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease. The recent introduction in clinical and research practice of novel esophageal testing has markedly improved our understanding of the mechanisms contributing to the development of gastroesophageal reflux disease, allowing a better management of patients with this disorder. In this context, the present article intends to provide an overview of the current literature about esophageal motility dysfunctions in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. Esophageal manometry, by recording intraluminal pressure, represents the gold standard to diagnose esophagealmotility abnormalities. In particular, using novel techniques, such as high resolution manometry with or without concurrent intraluminal impedance monitoring, transient lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxations, hypotensive LES, ineffective esophageal peristalsis and bolus transit abnormalities have been better defined and strongly implicated in gastroesophageal reflux disease development. Overall, recent findings suggest that esophageal motility abnormalities are increasingly prevalent with increasing severity of reflux disease, from nonerosive reflux disease to erosive reflux disease and Barrett's esophagus. Characterizing esophageal dysmotility among different subgroups of patients with reflux disease may represent a fundamental approach to properly diagnose these patients and, thus, to set up the best therapeutic management. Currently, surgery represents the only reliable way to restore the esophagogastric junction integrity and to reduce transient LES relaxations that are considered to be the predominant mechanism by which gastric contents can enter the esophagus. On that ground, more in depth future studies assessing the pathogenetic role of dysmotility in patients with reflux disease are warranted. | Irene Martinucci Nicola de Bortoli Maria Giacchino Giorgia Bodini Elisa Marabotto Santino Marchi Vincenzo Savarino Edoardo Savarino | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2014，5，2： | 24 |
| 2 | Narrow-band imaging with magnifying endoscopy is accurate for detecting gastric intestinal metaplasia显示文摘AIM:To investigate the predictive value of narrowband imaging with magnifying endoscopy (NBI-ME) for identifying gastric intestinal metaplasia (GIM) in unselected patients. METHODS:We prospectively evaluated consecutive patients undergoing upper endoscopy for various indications, such as epigastric discomfort/pain, anaemia, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease, suspicion of peptic ulcer disease, or chronic liver diseases. Patients underwent NBI-ME, which was performed by three blinded, experienced endoscopists. In addition, five biopsies (2 antrum, 1 angulus, and 2 corpus) were taken and examined by two pathologists unaware of the endoscopic findings to determine the presence or absence of GIM. The correlation between light blue crest (LBC) appearance and histology was measured. Moreover, we quantified the degree of LBC appearance as less than 20% (+), 20%-80% (++) and more than 80% (+++) of an image field, and the semiquantitative evaluation of LBC appearance was correlated with IM percentage from the histological findings. RESULTS:We enrolled 100 (58 F/42 M) patients who were mainly referred for gastro-esophageal reflux disease/dyspepsia (46%), cancer screening/anaemia (34%), chronic liver disease (9%), and suspected celiac disease (6%); the remaining patients were referred for other indications. The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori ) infection detected from the biopsies was 31%, while 67% of the patients used proton pump inhibitors. LBCs were found in the antrum of 33 patients (33%); 20 of the cases were classified as LBC+, 9 as LBC++, and 4 as LBC+++. LBCs were found in the gastric body of 6 patients (6%), with 5 of them also having LBCs in the antrum. The correlation between the appearance of LBCs and histological GIM was good, with a sensitivity of 80% (95%CI:67-92), a specificity of 96% (95%CI:93-99), a positive predictive value of 84% (95%CI:73-96), a negative predictive value of 95% (95%CI:92-98), and an accuracy of 93% (95%CI:90-97). The NBI-ME examination overlooked GIM in 8 cases, but the GIM was less than 5% in 7 of the cases. Moreover, in the 6 false positive cases, the histological examination showed the presence of reactive gastropathy (4 cases) or H. pylori active chronic gastritis (2 cases). The semiquantitative correlation between the rate of LBC appearance and the percentage of GIM was 79% (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION:NBI-ME achieved good sensitivity and specificity in recognising GIM in an unselected population. In routine clinical practice, this technique can reliably target gastric biopsies. | Edoardo Savarino Marina Corbo Pietro Dulbecco Lorenzo Gemignani Elisa Giambruno Luca Mastracci Federica Grillo Vincenzo Savarino | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，17： | 23 |
| 3 | Circulating adhesion molecules in patients with virus-related chronic diseases of the liver显示文摘AIM: In the inflammatory state, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) play a key role in promoting migration of immunological cells from the circulation to target site.Aim of our study was to investigate soluble forms of these molecules in patients with virus-related chronic liver diseases, to assess their behavior in different pathologies and correlation with severity of liver damage.METHODS: Circulating ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 were assayed by EIA commercial kits (R&D System Co.,Abington, UK) in 23 patients with chronic active hepatitis (CH), 50 subjects affected by liver cirrhosis (LC) and 15 healthy controls comparable for sex and age. In patients, serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were also detected by autoanalyzer.RESULTS: LC patients had significantly higher ICAM-1 values than CH patients (38.56±7.4 ng/mL vs 20.89±6.42 ng/mL; P<0.001) and these ones had significantly higher values than controls (12.92±1.08 ng/mL; P<0.001). In CH group, ICAM-1 levels were significantly related to inflammatory activity (P= 0.041) and ALT values (r= 0.77;P<0.05). VCAM-1 values were significantly increased only in LC patients (P<0.001) and related to severity of liver impairment.CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that the determination of serum ICAM-1 can be considered as an additional useful marker of hepatocellular necrosis and inflammatory activity in chronic hepatitis, while serum VCAM-1 is an indicator of liver fibrogenesis and severity of disease in cirrhosis. | Cosimo Marcello Bruno Claudio Sciacca Danila Cilio Gaetano Bertino Anna Elisa Marchese Gaetana Politi Lucia Chinnici | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，29： | 19 |
| 4 | 非吸烟孕妇被动吸烟暴露情况及相关行为影响因素研究显示文摘目的:了解城市和农村非吸烟孕妇关于被动吸烟的暴露情况和知识、态度和行为,以及影响行为的因素。方法:采用随机抽样的方法,抽取四川省8所区县级妇幼保健院共计1181名非吸烟孕妇,利用自填调查问卷进行调查,SPSS13.0进行统计分析。结果:四分之三的非吸烟孕妇遭受被动吸烟,其中暴露主要来源是丈夫。孕妇对于被动吸烟有关知识均很欠缺,但是有93.4%的孕妇对被动吸烟持反对态度。农村孕妇比城市孕妇具有更高的暴露和更少的被动吸烟的知识。具备更多有关被动吸烟危害知识以及更强烈态度的孕妇在暴露于丈夫来源的被动吸烟时更易于采取主动行为。结论:非吸烟孕妇,特别是农村孕妇需要获得更多被动吸烟危害的知识,以利于其在暴露时采取主动行为。 | 杨练 毛正中 Elisa K.Tong 胡德伟 | 2009 | 中国卫生事业管理2009，26，11： | 17 |
| 5 | Enteric glial cells and their role in gastrointestinal motor abnormalities: Introducing the neuro-gliopathies显示文摘The role of enteric glial cells has somewhat changed from that of mere mechanical support elements, gluing together the various components of the enteric nervous system, to that of active participants in the complex interrelationships of the gut motor and inflammatory events. Due to their multiple functions, spanning from supporting elements in the myenteric plexuses to neurotransmitters, to neuronal homeostasis, to antigen presenting cells, this cell population has probably more intriguing abilities than previously thought. Recently, some evidence has been accumulating that shows how these cells may be involved in the pathophysiological aspects of some diseases. This review will deal with the properties of the enteric glial cells more strictly related to gastrointestinal motor function and the human pathological conditions in which these cells may play a role, suggesting the possibility of enteric neuro- gliopathies. | Gabrio Bassotti Vincenzo Villanacci Simona Fisogni Elisa Rossi Paola Baronio Carlo Clerici Christoph A Maurer Gieri Cathomas Elisabetta Antonelli | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，30： | 16 |
| 6 | 多因素分析预测来曲唑提高非梗阻性无精子症和隐匿性无精子症患者精子密度研究显示文摘探讨来曲唑对提高睾酮/雌二醇比例(T/E2)〈10的非梗阻性无精子症或隐匿性无精子症患者的精子数量的有效性。46例不育症患者,排除染色体异常后随机分为两组:第1组22例患者,包括6例无精子症患者和16例隐匿性无精子症患者,接受来曲唑治疗,每天2.5毫克,连续治疗6个月;第2组24例患者包括5例无精子症患者和19例隐匿性无精子症患者,使用安慰剂。收集以下数据:精液常规分析、临床病史、阴囊超声检查、体重指数(BMI)、Y染色体微缺失筛查、染色体核型分析、囊性纤维化筛查,以及性激素检查卵泡刺激素(FSH)、黄体生成素(LH)、雌二醇、雄激素和催乳素。所有患者在接受来曲唑或安慰剂前后都进行精液分析和性激素评估。采用Mann—Whitney己,检验进行统计学分析,精子浓度与FSH、T/E2的比例、双侧睾丸体积~IIBMI等参数的关系使用多变量分析评估,不良作用评估使用卡方检验进行分析。结果发现第1组患者精子浓度、活力、FSH、LH和T都显著增加,平均精子浓度从400ml。增加到1.29×10^6 ml^-1(P〈0.01),平均精子活力a级精子从2%增加至15%(P〈0.01),而第2组则没有明显变化。第一组中的雌二醇水平有显著下降,第2组无明显变化。第1组中有8名患者有副作用,第2组中没有患者出现副作用。来曲唑治疗后精子浓度与T/E2比值,FSH水平以及体重指数呈负相关,精子浓度和睾丸体积之间有直接相关性。 | Giorgio Cavallini Giulio Biagiotti Elisa Bolzon | 2013 | Asian Journal of Andrology2013，15，6： | 15 |
| 7 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and aging: Epidemiology to management显示文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is common in the elderly, in whom it carries a more substantial burden of hepatic(nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma) and extra-hepatic manifestations and complications(cardiovascular disease, extrahepatic neoplasms) than in younger age groups. Therefore, proper identification and management of this condition is a major task for clinical geriatricians and geriatric hepatologists. In this paper, the epidemiology and pathophysiology of this condition are reviewed, and a full discussion of the link between NAFLD and the aspects that are peculiar to elderly individuals is provided; these aspects include frailty, multimorbidity, polypharmacy and dementia. The proper treatment strategy will have to consider the peculiarities of geriatric patients, so a multidisciplinary approach is mandatory. Non-pharmacological treatment(diet and physical exercise) has to be tailored individually considering the physical limitations of most elderly people and the need for an adequate caloric supply. Similarly, the choice of drug treatment must carefully balance the benefits and risks in terms of adverse events and pharmacological interactions in the common context of both multiple health conditions and polypharmacy. In conclusion, further epidemiological and pathophysiological insight is warranted. More accurate understanding of the molecular mechanisms of geriatric NAFLD will help in identifying the most appropriate diagnostic and therapeutic approach for individual elderly patients. | Marco Bertolotti Amedeo Lonardo Chiara Mussi Enrica Baldelli Elisa Pellegrini Stefano Ballestri Dante Romagnoli Paola Loria | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，39： | 15 |
| 8 | Vitamin D receptor gene polymorphisms and hepatocellular carcinoma in alcoholic cirrhosis显示文摘AIM: To assess the relationship between vitamin D re-ceptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms and the presence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: Two-hundred forty patients who underwent liver transplantation were studied. The etiologies of liver disease were hepatitis C (100 patients), hepatitis B (37) and alcoholic liver disease (103). A group of 236 healthy subjects served as controls. HCC in the explanted liver was detected in 80 patients. The following single nucle-otide gene polymorphisms of the VDR were investigatedby polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphism: FokI C>T (F/f), BsmI A>G (B/b), ApaI T>G (A/a) and TaqI T>C (T/t) (BAT). RESULTS: The frequencies of genotypes in patients without and with HCC were for FokI F/F = 69, F/f = 73, f/f = 18 and F/F = 36, F/f = 36, f/f = 8; BsmI b/b = 45, B/b = 87, B/B = 28 and b/b = 33, B/b = 35, B/B = 12; for ApaI A/A = 53, A/a = 85, a/a = 22 and A/A = 27, A/a = 38, a/a = 15; for TaqI T/T = 44, T/t = 88, t/t = 28 and T/T = 32, T/t = 38, t/t = 10. Carriage of the b/b genotype of BsmI and the T/T genotype of TaqI was signif icantly associated with HCC (45/160 vs 33/80, P < 0.05 and 44/160 vs 32/80, P < 0.05, respectively). The absence of the A-T-C protective allele of BAT was signif i-cantly associated with the presence of HCC (46/80 vs 68/160, P < 0.05). A strong association was observed between carriage of the BAT A-T-C and G-T-T haplotypes and HCC only in alcoholic liver disease (7/46 vs 12/36 vs 11/21, P < 0.002, respectively).CONCLUSION: VDR genetic polymorphisms are sig-nificantly associated with the occurrence of HCC in patients with liver cirrhosis. This relationship is more specific for patients with an alcoholic etiology. | Edmondo Falleti Davide Bitetto Carlo Fabris Annarosa Cussigh Elisabetta Fontanini Ezio Fornasiere Elisa Fumolo Sara Bignulin Sara Cmet Rosalba Minisini Mario Pirisi Pierluigi Toniutto | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，24： | 14 |
| 9 | 米非司酮药物流产使用情况的调查研究显示文摘本研究以定量和定性方法对我国三省市药物流产的使用情况进行调查,目的在于了解使用者和服务提供者关于药物流产信息和知识的来源和质量;不同级别医疗单位提供药物流产服务的情况及政府管理部门对药物流产的管理情况。调查在北京、广东和湖南三省市进行。结果发现,部分提供者对药物流产的禁忌证了解不够或执行不当;各地对流产前的检查项目掌握不一致,一些不必要的检查增加了使用者的经济负担;部分使用者未能按常规要求在医院服用半非司酮和米前列醇;有些提供药物流产服务的单位未按政府要求进行登记;不少提供者在治疗药物流产后出血时使用价格昂贵的药品;不同地区或单位药物流产的价格差别很大;尽管在咨询和流产后避孕指导方面,尚需改进,多数使用者对药物流的的服务表示满意。本文对加强药物流产的管理提出建议。 | 吴尚纯 肖碧莲 刘云嵘 许玉芳 左诗慧 Elisa Wells | 1999 | 中国计划生育学杂志1999，7，5： | 14 |
| 10 | Accuracy and responses of genomic selection on key traits in apple breeding显示文摘The application of genomic selection in fruit tree crops is expected to enhance breeding eficiency by increasing prediction accuracy,increasing selection intensity and decreasing generation interval.The objectives of this study were to assess the accuracy of prediction and selection response in commercial apple breeding programmes for key traits.The training population comprised 977 individuals derived from 20 pedigreed fllsib families.Historic phenotypic data were available on 10 traits related to productivity and fruit external appearance and genotypic data for 7829 SNPs obtained with an llumina 20K SNP array.From these data,a genome-wide prediction model was built and subsequently used to calculate genomic breeding values of five application fllsib families.The application families had genotypes at 364 SNPs from a dedicated 512 SNP array,and these genotypic data were extended to the high-density level by imputation.These five families were phenotyped for 1 year and their phenotypes were compared to the predicted breeding values.Accuracy of genomic prediction across the 10 traits reached a maximum value of 0.5 and had a median value of 0.19.The accuracies were strongly affected by the phenotypic distribution and heritability of traits.In the largest family,significant selection response was observed for traits with high heritability and symmetric phenotypic distribution.Traits that showed non-significant response often had reduced and skewed phenotypic variation or low heritability.Among the five application families the accuracies were uncorrelated to the degree of relatedness to the training population.The results underline the potential of genomic prediction to accelerate breeding progress in outbred fruit tree crops that still need to overcome long generation intervals and extensive phenotyping costs. | Hélène Muranty Michela Troggio Inès Ben Sadok Mehdi Al Rifaï Annemarie Auwerkerken Elisa Banchi Riccardo Velasco Piergiorgio Stevanato W.Eric van de Weg Mario Di Guardo Satish Kumar François Laurens Marco C.A.M.Bink | 2015 | Horticulture Research2015，2，1： | 14 |
| 11 | Intensive care management of liver transplanted patients显示文摘Advances in pre-transplant treatment of cirrhosis-related organ dysfunction,intraoperative patient management,and improvements in the treatment of rejection and infections have made human liver transplantation an effective and valuable option for patients with end stage liver disease.However,many important factors,related both to an increasing 'marginality' of the implanted graft and unexpected perioperative complications still make immediate post-operative care challenging and the early outcome unpredictable.In recent years sicker patients with multiple comorbidities and organ dysfunction have been undergoing Liver transplantation;appropriate critical care management is required to support prompt graft recovery and prevent systemic complications.Early post-operative management is highly demanding as significant changes may occur in both the allograft and the 'distant' organs.A functioning transplanted liver is almost always associated with organ system recovery,resulting in a new life for the patient.However,in the unfortunate event of graft dysfunction,the unavoidable development of multi-organ failure will require an enhanced level of critical care support and a prolonged ICU stay.Strict monitoring and sustainment of cardiorespiratory function,frequent assessment of graft performance,timely recognition of unexpected complications and the institution of prophylactic measures to prevent extrahepatic organ system dysfunction are mandatoryin the immediate post-operative period.A reduced rate of complications and satisfactory outcomes have been obtained from multidisciplinary,collaborative efforts,skillful vigilance,and a thorough knowledge of pathophysiologic characteristics of the transplanted liver. | Paolo Feltracco Stefania Barbieri Helmut Galligioni Elisa Michieletto Cristiana Carollo Carlo Ori | 2011 | World Journal of Hepatology2011，3，3： | 13 |
| 12 | Role of epidural anesthesia in a fast track liver resection protocol for cirrhotic patients-results after three years of practice显示文摘AIM To evaluate the potential benefits and risks of the use of epidural anaesthesia within an enhanced recovery protocol in this specific subpopulation.METHODS A retrospective review was conducted, including all cirrhotic patients who underwent open liver resection between January 2013 and December 2015 at Bologna University Hospital. Patients with an abnormal coagulation profile contraindicating the placement of an epidural catheter were excluded from the analysis. The control group was composed by patients refusing epidural anaesthesia. RESULTS Of the 183 cirrhotic patients undergoing open liver resections, 57 had contraindications to the placement of an epidural catheter; of the remaining 126, 86 patients received general anaesthesia and 40 combined anaesthesia. The two groups presented homogeneous characteristics. Intraoperatively the metabolic data did not differ between the two groups, whilst the epidural group had a lower mean arterial pressure(P = 0.041) and received more colloid infusions(P = 0.007). Postoperative liver and kidney function did not differ significantly.Length of mechanical ventilation(P = 0.003) and hospital stay(P = 0.032) were significantly lower in the epidural group. No complications related to the epidural catheter placement or removal was recorded.CONCLUSION The use of Epidural Anaesthesia within a fast track protocol for cirrhotic patients undergoing liver resections had a positive impact on the patient's outcomes and comfort as demonstrated by a significantly lower length of mechanical ventilation and hospital stay in the epidural group. The technique appears to be safely manageable in this fragile population even though these results need confirmation in larger studies. | Antonio Siniscalchi Lorenzo Gamberini Tommaso Bardi Cristiana Laici Elisa Gamberini Letizia Francorsi Stefano Faenza | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，26： | 13 |
| 13 | Acupuncture accelerates recovery after general anesthesia: a prospective randomized controlled trial显示文摘BACKGROUND: Acupuncture anesthesia was created in the 1950's in China and continues to be used there today during most major surgeries. It is widely used in China for such complex operations as brain, heart, and abdominal surgery. It is popular in China because it is economical, practical, and beneficial to the patients. With acupuncture anesthesia there is less bleeding during surgery and there is also quicker post-operative recovery.OBJECTIVE: This randomized prospective study aims at comparing the effect of two acupoints(Yongquan, KI1 and Renzhong, DU26) with sham acupuncture and no acupuncture on the time to recovery of consciousness after general anesthesia by means of the Bispectral Index monitor(BIS).DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS AND INTERVENTIONS: This is a prospective randomized controlled study. We randomly assigned 50 patients to 5 groups during recovery from surgical anesthesia. Four groups had acupuncture on KI1(group A), DU26(groups B), both KI1 and DU26(group C), and sham points(group D), and one had no acupuncture(group E).MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Bispectral Index(BIS), time to spontaneous eye opening, time to tracheal extubation, and time to following commands were measured as the main outcome measures.RESULTS: Time to spontaneous eye opening differed among groups(P=0.002), as well as time to tracheal extubation(P<0.000 1) and time to following commands(P=0.000 6). BIS values differed significantly among groups both 5 and 10 min after the end of anesthesia(P<0.000 1 and P=0.000 4,respectively). BIS values of groups D and E were lower than those of the other groups and those of group C were higher. The same pattern was observed also 15 and 30 min after the end of anesthesia, although the difference among groups was not significant at these time points(P=0.164 and P=0.104, respectively).CONCLUSION: Acupuncture on DU26 and KI1 accelerates recovery of consciousness after general anesthesia. Moreover, a possible synergistic effect of DU26 and KI1 is suggested. This issue may play a role in the optimization of operating room management and raise interest about the usefulness of acupuncture on unconsciousness states of different nature. | Marco Gemma Elisa Nicelli Luigi Gioia Elena Moizo Luigi Beretta Maria Rosa Calvi | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2015，13，2： | 13 |
| 14 | Role of Akt signaling in resistance to DNA-targeted therapy显示文摘The Akt signal transduction pathway controls most hallmarks of cancer. Activation of the Akt cascade promotes a malignant phenotype and is also widely implicated in drug resistance. Therefore, the modulation of Akt activity is regarded as an attractive strategy to enhance the efficacy of cancer therapy and irradiation. This pathway consists of phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase(PI3K), mammalian target of rapamycin, and the transforming serine-threonine kinase Akt protein isoforms, also known as protein kinase B. DNA-targeted agents, such as platinum agents, taxanes, and antimetabolites, as well as radiation have had a significant impact on cancer treatment by affecting DNA replication, which is aberrantly activated in malignancies. However, the caveat is that they may also trigger the activation of repairing mechanisms, such as upstream and downstream cascade of Akt survival pathway. Thus, each target can theoretically be inhibited in view of improving the potency of conventional treatment. Akt inhibitors, e.g., MK-2206 and perifosine, or PI3K modulators, e.g., LY294002 and Wortmannin, have shown some promising results in favor of sensitizing the cancer cells to the therapy in vitro and in vivo, which have provided the rationale for incorporation of these novel agents into multimodality treatment of different malignancies. Nevertheless, despite the acceptable safety profile of some of these agents in the clinical studies, with regard to the efficacy, the results are still too preliminary. Hence, we need to wait for the upcoming data from the ongoing trials before utilizing them into the standard care of cancer patients. | Abolfazl Avan Ravi Narayan Elisa Giovannetti Godefridus J Peters | 2016 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2016，7，5： | 12 |
| 15 | Ear therapy and massage therapy in the elderly with dementia: a pilot study显示文摘OBJECTIVE: To assess the impact of massage versus ear acupuncture on behavior and participation in occupational therapy of dementia patients. METHODS: We performed a controlled, randomized longitudinal trial approved by the Bioethics Commission of the University of Extremadura. One hundred twenty elderly subjects with dementia institutionalized in residential homes in Extremadura (Spain) received treatment based on massage and ear acupuncture over three months. Behavior alterations, sleep disturbance, and participation in rehabilitation and eating were assessed every month during the three months of intervention, and at one and two months of follow-up after the end of treatment. The assessment was performed through a structured questionnaire with closed format ques-tions done by an occupational therapist not involved in the study. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant positive effect of massage and ear acupuncture (P< 0.001) on measured variables in the third month of intervention, which were maintained at two months after completing the treatment (P<0.021), when compared to the control group. CONCLUSION: Massage therapy and ear acupuncture can improve behavior and sleep disturbances, and increase the participation in eating and rehabilitation organized in residential homes, in dementia patients. | Juan Rodríguez-Mansilla María Victoria González-LópezArza Enrique Varela-Donoso Jesús Montanero-Fernández María Jiménez-Palomares Elisa Maria Garrido-Ardila | 2013 | Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine2013，33，4： | 11 |
| 16 | CYP72A67 Catalyzes a Key Oxidative Step in Medicago truncatula Hemolytic Saponin Biosynthesis显示文摘在 Medicago 类, triterpenic saponins 是 bioactive 第二等的代谢物组成地经由 isoprenoid 小径在天线和植物的地下的部分综合了。是的 saponins 的利用制药学,农业化肥并且在工业提起了的食物和化妆品,对识别酶的兴趣在他们的合成包含了。我们识别了一条反向的基因 TILLING 途径在 Medicago truncatula ethylmethanesulfonate (他们) 涉及 hemolytic sapogenin 生合成的细胞色素 P450 (CYP72A67 ) mutagenized 收集。在一个微体酵母系统的基因的基因、生物化学的分析,变异的互补,和表达式证明 CYP72A67 oleanolic 酸合成下游地为在 C-2 位置的 hydroxylation 负责。为有在多重碳位置的不同替换的底层的 CYP72A67 的亲密关系在一样的 invitro 酵母系统,并且在与二另外的 CYP450s (CYP72A68 ) 的关系被调查为 medicagenic 酸的生产负责,在 M.truncatula 叶子和根的主要 sapogenin。完整的亲族异种和野类型的植物与 Sinorhizobium meliloti 为他们的 sapogenin 侧面,涉及 sapogenin 合成的基因的表示模式,和对接种的反应被作比较。获得的结果允许我们在 M.truncatula 修订 hemolytic sapogenin 小径并且贡献加亮 sapogenin 合成的织物特性(叶子 / 根) 。 | Elisa Biazzi Maria Carelli Aldo Tava Pamela Abbruscato Ilaria Losini Pinarosa Avato Carla Scotti Ornella Calderini | 2015 | Molecular Plant2015，8，10： | 11 |
| 17 | Nat Biotechnol:将人星形胶质细胞重编程为多巴胺能神经元,有助治疗帕金森病显示文摘帕金森病是一种主要影响运动系统的神经退行性疾病。它的特征在于大脑中的多巴胺能神经元(dopaminergic neuron)渐进性丧失。尽管当前的疗法旨在补充多巴胺水平,但是没有一种疗法能够恢复这些丢失的细胞。如今。在一项新的研究中,来自瑞典、奥地利、西班牙和美国的研究人员开发出一种方法:将神经胶质细胞(glialcell)转化为活性的多巴胺能神经元,并且所产生的多巴胺能神经元能够部分恢复帕金森病模式小鼠的运动功能。这项概念验证研究可能为开发出一种治疗这种疾病的新方法铺平道路。 | Pia Rivetti di Val Cervo, Elisa Martín-Montañez, Enrique M Toledo, Gioele La Manno, Sara Padrell Sánchez, Sten Linnarsson Ernest Arenas Roman A Romanov, Christian Pifl Tibor Harkany Roman A Romanov, Giada Spigolon, Débora Masini, Michael Feyder, Tibor Harkany Gilberto Fisone Elisa Martín-Montañez Yi-Han Ng Marius Wernig | 2017 | 现代生物医学进展2017，17，17： | 11 |
| 18 | 关于孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下(ICH)遗传病因的新发现显示文摘特发性低促性腺激素性性功能减退症(IHH)是一种罕见的疾病,它的病症表现为青春期的推迟或者缺失,以及(或者)不育症。这些病症是由于促性腺激素释放激素(GnRH)的作用未能对正常的垂体.性腺轴产生足够的刺激。由于罹患该病的患者体内的促卯泡激素(FSH)和黄体生成素(LH)的水平偏低或正常,所以采用孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下(ICH)这一术语定义该疾病可能更为合适。该疾病应区别于伴有其它垂体缺陷的中枢性性腺功能减退。孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下的发病机制比较复杂,且在男性中的发病率比中枢性性腺功能减退多5倍。大部分情况下,该病的患病人群比较分散,但也曾经报道过几例家族病例。这一发现加上其它很多致病基因突变的调查,以及一些基因敲除模型的出现,证明了该疾病的发病可能有一个强大的遗传学因素存在。孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下可能与一些包含锇缺乏在内的形态遗传学异常有关联,而锇缺乏与孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下构成了卡尔曼氏综合症(KS)的主要病征。在全部的孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下病例中,卡尔曼氏综合症约占40%,也被视作一个特殊的患者子群体。然而,经过对患有孤立的锇缺陷或者卡尔曼氏综合症(KS)亦或孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下的包含亲戚在内的几个家族谱系内部的病患的调查,证明孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下是一种复杂的遗传性疾病,它具有复杂多样的表征以及显性。由此得出,不管是多个基因变异还是环境因素或者核外遗传的变化都有可能导致复杂多样的病征。本文综述了己知的、与孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下的发病机制相关的遗传机制,并且对由意大利孤立特发性中枢性性腺功能低下网络合作中心所收集的227例病例作出临床概述。 | Marco Bonomi Domenico Vladimiro Libri Fabiana Guizzardi Elena Guarducci Elisabetta Maiolo Elisa Pignatti Roberta Asci Luca Persani | 2012 | Asian Journal of Andrology2012，14，1： | 10 |
| 19 | Physiological Responses of Contrasting Rice Genotypes to Salt Stress at Reproductive Stage显示文摘Salinity is a major abiotic stress affecting plant growth and productivity. Considerable genetic variation is present in rice in response to salt stress, with higher sensitivity during early seedling and reproductive stage. In this study, physiological changes in leaves and developing panicles of rice genotypes (IR686, Sadri, Rc222, CSR28, IR670 and Pokkali) contrasting in salt tolerance at the reproductive stage were evaluated in greenhouse experiment under salt stress. The results showed that IR670 and the tolerant-check Pokkali maintained lower Na^+/K^+ ratio, less reduction in chlorophyll concentration, lower malondialdehyde (MDA) production, higher concentrations of reduced ascorbate (reduced AsA), higher proline accumulation and lower percentage reduction in pollen viability than the salt-sensitive genotypes under salt stress. The higher concentration of reduced AsA suggests an efficient ROS-scavenging system. Physiological measurements and pollen viability analysis revealed that Sadri (moderately tolerant at the seedling stage) is sensitive to salt stress at the flowering stage. The findings will be useful in breeding salt tolerant varieties at both seedling and reproductive stages by selecting appropriate genotypes and phenotypes. | Maria Elisa B.GERONA Marjorie P. DEOCAMPO James A.EGDANE Abdelbagi M.ISMAIL Maribel L. DIONISIO-SESE | 2019 | Rice science2019，26，4： | 9 |
| 20 | Potentiation of NETs release is novel characteristic of TREM-1 activation and the pharmacological inhibition of TREM-1 could prevent from the deleterious consequences of NETs release in sepsis显示文摘During sepsis,neutrophil activation induces endothelial cell(EC)dysfunction partly through neutrophil extracellular trap(NET)release.The triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cell-1(TREM-1)is an orphan immune receptor that amplifies the inflammatory response mediated by Toll-like receptor-4(TLR4)engagement.Although the key role of TLR4 signaling in NETosis is known,the role of TREM-1 in this process has not yet been investigated.Here,we report that TREM-1 potentiates NET release by human and murine neutrophils and is a component of the NET structure.In contrast,pharmacologic inhibition or genetic ablation of TREM-1 decreased NETosis in vitro and during experimental septic shock in vivo.Moreover,isolated NETs were able to activate ECs and impair vascular reactivity,and these deleterious effects were dampened by TREM-1 inhibition.TREM-1 may,therefore,constitute a new therapeutic target to prevent NETosis and associated endothelial dysfunction. | Amir Boufenzer Kevin Carrasco Lucie Jolly Benjamin Brustolin Elisa Di-Pillo Marc Derive Sébastien Gibot | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，2： | 9 |
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