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| 1 | 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine:Not mere biomarker for oxidative stress,but remedy for oxidative stress-implicated gastrointestinal diseases显示文摘Reactive oxygen species (ROS) attack guanine bases in DNA easily and form 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG),which can bind to thymidine rather than cytosine,based on which,the level of 8-OHdG is gen-erally regarded as a biomarker of mutagenesis conse-quent to oxidative stress.For example,higher levels of 8-OHdG are noted in Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic atrophic gastritis as well as gastric cancer.However,we have found that exogenous 8-OHdG can paradoxically reduce ROS production,attenuate thenuclear factor-κB signaling pathway,and ameliorate the expression of proinflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1,IL-6,cyclo-oxygenase-2,and induc-ible nitric oxide synthase in addition to expression of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NOX)-1,NOX organizer-1 and NOX activator-1 in vari-ous conditions of inflammation-based gastrointestinal (GI) diseases including gastritis,inflammatory bowel disease,pancreatitis,and even colitis-associated carci-nogenesis.Our recent finding that exogenous 8-OHdG was very effective in either inflammation-based or oxidative-stress-associated diseases of stress-related mucosal damage has inspired the hope that synthetic 8-OHdG can be a potential candidate for the treatment of inflammation-based GI diseases,as well as the pre-vention of inflammation-associated GI cancer.In this editorial review,the novel fact that exogenous 8-OHdG can be a functional molecule regulating oxidative-stress-induced gastritis through either antagonizing Rac-guanosine triphosphate binding or blocking the signals responsible for gastric inflammatory cascade is introduced. | Chan-Young Ock Eun-Hee Kim Duck Joo Choi Ho Jae Lee Ki-Baik Hahm Myung Hee Chung | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，4： | 30 |
| 2 | How good is cola for dissolution of gastric phytobezoars?显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the efficacy of cola treatment for gastric phytobezoars,including diospyrobezoars.METHODS:A total of 17 patients(range:48 to 78 years) with symptomatic gastric phytobezoars treated with cola and adjuvant endoscopic therapy were reviewed.Three liters of cola lavage(10 cases) or drink(7 cases) were initially used,and then endoscopic fragmentation was done for the remnant bezoars by using a lithotripsy basket or a polypectomy snare.The overall success of dissolving a gastric phytobezoars with using three liters of cola and the clinical and endoscopic findings were compared retrospectively between four cases of complete dissolution by using only cola and 13 cases of partial dissolution with cola.RESULTS:After 3 L of cola lavage or drinking,a complete dissolution of bezoars was achieved in four patients(23.5%),while 13 cases(76.5%) were only partially dissolved.Phytobezoars(4 of 6 cases) were observed more frequently than diospyrobezoars(0 of 11) in the group that underwent complete dissolution(P = 0.006).Gender,symptom duration,size of bezoar and method of cola administration were not significantly different between the two groups.Twelve of 13 patients with residual bezoars were completely treated with a combination of cola and endoscopic fragmentation.CONCLUSION:The rate of complete dissolution with three liters of cola was 23.5%,but no case of diospyrobezoar was completely dissolved using this method.However,pretreatment with cola may be helpful and facilitate endoscopic fragmentation of gastric phytobezoars. | Beom Jae Lee Jong-Jae Park Hoon Jai Chun Ji Hoon Kim Jong Eun Yeon Yoon Tae Jeen Jae Seon Kim Kwan Soo Byun Sang Woo Lee Jae Hyun Choi Chang Duck Kim Ho Sang Ryu Young-Tae Bak | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，18： | 22 |
| 3 | Treatment strategies using adefovir dipivoxil for individuals with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B显示文摘AIM:To investigate retrospectively the long-term efficacy of various treatment strategies using adefovir dipivoxil(adefovir) in patients with lamivudine-resistant chronic hepatitis B.METHODS:We included 154 consecutive patients in two treatment groups:the 'add-on' group(n = 79),in which adefovir was added to ongoing lamivudine treatment due to lamivudine resistance,and the 'switch/combination' group(n = 75),in which lamivudine was first switched to adefovir and then re-added later as needed.The 'switch/combination' group was then divided into two subgroups depending on whether participants followed(group A,n = 30) or violated(group B,n = 45) a proposed treatment strategy that determined whether to add lamivudine based on the serum hepatitis B virus(HBV) DNA levels(< 60 IU/mL or not) after 6 mo of treatment(roadmap concept).RESULTS:The cumulative probability of virologic response(HBV DNA < 60 IU/mL) was higher in group A than in the 'add-on' group and in group B(P < 0.001).In contrast,the cumulative probability of virologic breakthrough was lower in the 'add-on' group than in group B(P = 0.002).Furthermore,the risk of virologic breakthrough in the multivariate analysis was significantly lower in the 'add-on' group than in group A(hazard ratio = 0.096;95%CI,0.015-0.629;P = 0.015).CONCLUSION:The selective combination of adefovir with lamivudine based upon early treatment responses increased the odds of virologic breakthrough relative to the use of uniform combination therapy from the beginning of treatment. | Tae Jung Yun Jin Yong Jung Chang Ha Kim Soon Ho Um Hyonggin An Yeon Seok Seo Jin Dong Kim Hyung Joon Yim Bora Keum Yong Sik Kim Yoon Tae Jeen Hong Sik Lee Hoon Jai Chun Chang Duck Kim Ho Sang Ryu | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，47： | 19 |
| 4 | When water meets iron at Earth's core-mantle boundary显示文摘Hydrous minerals in subducted crust can transport large amounts of water into Earth's deep mantle. Our laboratory experiments revealed the surprising pressure-induced chemistry that, when water meets iron at the core-mantle boundary, they react to form an interlayer with an extremely oxygen-rich form of iron, iron dioxide, together with iron hydride. Hydrogen in the layer will escape upon further heating and rise to the crust, sustaining the water cycle. With water supplied by the subducting slabs meeting the nearly inexhaustible iron source in the core, an oxygen-rich layer would cumulate and thicken, leading to major global consequences in our planet. The seismic signature of the D″ layer may echo the chemical complexity of this layer. Over the course of geological time, the enormous oxygen reservoir accumulating between the mantle and core may have eventually reached a critical eruption point. Very large-scale oxygen eruptions could possibly cause major activities in the mantle convection and leave evidence such as the rifting of supercontinents and the Great Oxidation Event. | Ho-Kwang Mao Qingyang Hu Liuxiang Yang Jin Liu Duck Young Kim Yue Meng Li Zhang Vitali B.Prakapenka Wenge Yang Wendy L.Mao | 2017 | National Science Review2017，4，6： | 14 |
| 5 | Prognostic value of inflammation-based markers in patients with pancreatic cancer administered gemcitabine and erlotinib显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the value of systemic inflammationbased markers as prognostic factors for advanced pancreatic cancer(PC). METHODS: Data from 82 patients who underwent combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine and erlotinib for PC from 2011 to 2014 were collected retrospectively. Data that included the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio(NLR), the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, and the C-reactive protein(CRP)-to-albumin(CRP/Alb) ratio were analyzed. Kaplan-Meier curves, and univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression analyses were used to identify the prognostic factors associated with progression-free survival(PFS) and overall survival(OS). RESULTS: The univariate analysis demonstrated the prognostic value of the NLR(P = 0.049) and the CRP/Alb ratio(P = 0.047) in relation to PFS, and a positiverelationship between an increase in inflammation-based markers and a poor prognosis in relation to OS. The multivariate analysis determined that an increased NLR(hazard ratio = 2.76, 95%CI: 1.33-5.75, P = 0.007) is an independent prognostic factor for poor OS. There was no association between the PLR and the patients' prognoses in those who had received chemotherapy that comprised gemcitabine and erlotinib in combination. The Kaplan-Meier method and the log-rank test determined significantly worse outcomes in relation to PFS and OS in patients with an NLR > 5 or a CRP/Alb ratio > 5.CONCLUSION: Systemic inflammation-based markers, including increases in the NLR and the CRP/Alb ratio, may be useful for predicting PC prognoses. | Jae Min Lee Hong Sik Lee Jong Jin Hyun Hyuk Soon Choi Eun Sun Kim Bora Keum Yeon Seok Seo Yoon Tae Jeen Hoon Jai Chun Soon Ho Um Chang Duck Kim | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2016，8，7： | 12 |
| 6 | Phosphorus fractionation and release characteristics of sediment in the Saemangeum Reservoir for seasonal change显示文摘Periodical algal blooms result in deposition and release of phosphorus(P) from the sediment into the water. Therefore, during seasonal changes when algal particles begin to settle to the bottom, understanding the behavior and distribution characteristics of the P in sediment is the most important key to manage the water quality of the Saemangeum Reservoir. In this study, the variation of water quality and sediment composition including chlorophyll-a(Chl-a) and P was investigated to determine the interaction between water and sediment. The study focused primarily on algal particle sedimentation that affects the P release and mineralization of sediment. The Chl-a concentration in water showed a sharp decline in October when the algae began to die in the fall, and afterward the concentration of chemical oxygen demand(COD) and total P(TP) in the sediment increased due to the sedimentation of decaying algal particles in November.During the same period of time, the readily bio-available P(RAP) in the sediment showed a drastic increase in the upper region where the Chl-a concentration of water was high. In sequence, the high RAP zone shifted from the upper region to the lower region in the early winter. The RAP shift was considered to be derived from the physical flow of the overlying water from which the decomposing algae settled on the surface of the sediment. The Saemangeum Reservoir was constructed recently; therefore, all the types of inorganic P fractions except soluble reactive phosphorus(SRP) that exist on the bottom surface of the lake and the marsh's sediment layer were not sufficient to significantly influence the overlying water. On the other hand, the released P from the algae was distinct and sensitive to the seasonal change. In conclusion,the algal particle sedimentation was important to control eutrophication rather than P release from the mineralized inorganic P of the sediment surface layer in the Seamangeum Reservoir. | Dong-Heui Kwak Young-Tae Jeon Young Duck Hur | 2018 | International Journal of Sediment Research2018，33，3： | 8 |
| 7 | Optimal culture conditions for the generation of natural killer cell-induced dendritic cells for cancer immunotherapy显示文摘Dendritic cell(DC)-based vaccines continue to be considered an attractive tool for cancer immunotherapy.DCs require an additional signal from the environment or other immune cells to polarize the development of immune responses toward T helper 1(Th1)or Th2 responses.DCs play a role in natural killer(NK)cell activation,and NK cells are also able to activate and induce the maturation of DCs.We investigated the types of NK cells that can induce the maturation and enhanced function of DCs and the conditions under which these interactions occur.DCs that were activated by resting NK cells in the presence of inflammatory cytokines exhibited increased expression of several costimulatory molecules and an enhanced ability to produce IL-12p70.NK cell-stimulated DCs potently induced Th1 polarization and exhibited the ability to generate tumor antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte responses.Our data demonstrate that functional DCs can be generated by coculturing immature DCs with freshly isolated resting NK cells in the presence of Toll-like receptor agonists and proinflammatory cytokines and that the resulting DCs effectively present antigens to induce tumor-specific T-cell responses,which suggests that these cells may be useful for cancer immunotherapy. | Thanh-Nhan Nguyen-Pham Deok-Hwan Yang Truc-Anh Thi Nguyen Mi-Seon Lim Cheol Yi Hong Mi-Hyun Kim Hyun Ju Lee Youn-Kyung Lee Duck Cho Soo-Young Bae Jae-Sook Ahn Yeo-Kyeoung Kim Ik-Joo Chung Hyeoung-Joon Kim Je-Jung Lee | 2012 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2012，9，1： | 8 |
| 8 | Endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection salvage technique for ulcerative early gastric cancer显示文摘Endoscopic submucosal dissection is an effective treatment modality for early gastric cancer(EGC), though the submucosal fibrosis found in ulcerative EGC is an obstacle for successful treatment. This report presents two cases of ulcerative EGC in two males, 73- and 80-year-old, with severe fibrosis. As endoscopic ultrasonography suggested that the EGCs had invaded the submucosal layer, the endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection salvage technique was utilized for complete resection of the lesions. Although surgical gastrectomy was originally scheduled, the two patients had severe coronary heart disease, and surgeries were refused because of the risks associated with their heart conditions. The endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection salvage technique procedures described in these cases were performed under conscious sedation, and were completed within 30 min. The complete en bloc resection of EGC using endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection salvage technique was possible with a free resection margin, and no other complications were noted during the procedure. This is the first known report concerning the use of the endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection salvage technique salvage technique for treatment of ulcerative EGC. We demonstrate that endoscopic submucosal tunnel dissection salvage technique it is a feasible method showing several advantages over endoscopic submucosal dissection for cases of EGC with fibrosis. | Hyuk Soon Choi Hoon Jai Chun Min Ho Seo Eun Sun Kim Bora Keum Yeon Seok Seo Yoon Tae Jeen Hong Sik Lee Soon Ho Um Chang Duck Kim Ho Sang Ryu | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，27： | 8 |
| 9 | Comparison of sequential and 7-,10-,14-d triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection显示文摘AIM:To compare the effectiveness of sequential therapy for Helicobacter pylori(H.pylori) infection with that of triple therapy of varying durations.METHODS:The 460 patients enrolled in this study had H.pylori-associated gastritis or a gastric or duodenal ulcer.After screening,H.pylori-infected patients were randomly assigned to receive either conventional triple therapy for 7,10 or 14 d,or a new 10-d sequential therapy.Each of the 4 treatment groups included 115 patients.The outcomes of eradication therapy were assessed 4 wk after treatment by the urea breath test and histology.RESULTS:The overall eradication rate was 81.0%,and eradication rates were 75.7% for 7-d conventional triple therapy,81.9% for 10-d conventional triple therapy,84.4% for 14-d conventional triple therapy,and 82.0% for 10-d sequential therapy.Neither intention-to-treat analysis nor per protocol analysis showed significant differences in eradication rates using sequential therapy or the standard triple therapy(P = 0.416 and P = 0.405,respectively).CONCLUSION:There are no significant differences between 10-d sequential eradication therapy for H.pylori and any duration of standard triple treatment in Korean patients. | Hyuk Soon Choi Hoon Jai Chun Sang Hoon Park Bora Keum Yeon Seok Seo Yong Sik Kim Yoon-Tae Jeen Soon Ho Um Hong Sik Lee Chang Duck Kim Ho Sang Ryu | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，19： | 7 |
| 10 | Antibiotic treatment for Helicobacter pylori : Is the end coming?显示文摘Infection with the Gram-negative pathogen Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) has been associated with gastroduodenal disease and the importance of H. pylori eradication is underscored by its designation as a groupI carcinogen. The standard triple therapy consists of a proton pump inhibitor, amoxicillin and clarithromycin, although many other regimens are used, including quadruple, sequential and concomitant therapy regimens supplemented with metronidazole, clarithromycin and levofloxacin. Despite these efforts, current therapeutic regimens lack efficacy in eradication due to antibiotic resistance, drug compliance and antibiotic degradation by the acidic stomach environment. Antibiotic resistance to clarithromycin and metronidazole is particularly problematic and several approaches have been proposed to overcome this issue, such as complementary probiotic therapy with Lactobacil us. Other studies have identified novel molecules with an anti-H. pylori effect, as well as tailored therapy and nanotechnology as viable alternative eradication strategies. This review discusses current antibiotic therapy for H. pylori infections, limitations of this type of therapy and predicts the availability of newly developed therapies for H. pylori eradication. | Su Young Kim Duck Joo Choi Jun-Won Chung | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics2015，6，4： | 5 |
| 11 | Phase stability and mechanical properties of wire+arc additively manufactured H13 tool steel at elevated temperatures显示文摘Wire+arc additive manufacturing(WAAM)is considered an innovative technology that can change the manufacturing landscape in the near future.WAAM offers the benefits of inexpensive initial system setup and a high deposition rate for fabricating medium-and large-sized parts such as die-casting tools.In this study,AISI H13 tool steel,a popular die-casting tool metal,is manufactured by cold metal transfer(CMT)-based WAAM and is then comprehensively analyzed for its microstructural and mechanical properties.Location-dependent phase combinations are observed,which could be explained by nonequilibrium thermal cycles that resulted from the layer-by-layer stacking mechanism used in WAAM.In addition,remelting and reheating of the layers reduces welding anomalies(e.g.,pores and voids).The metallurgical characteristics of the H13 strongly correlate with the mechanical properties.The combinations of phases at different locations of the additively manufactured part exhibit a periodic microhardness profile.Martensite,Retained Austenite,Ferrite,and Carbide phases are found in combination at different locations of the part based on the part’s temperature distribution during additive deposition.Moreover,the tensile properties at elevated temperatures(23℃,300℃,and 600℃)are comparable to those from other WAAM and additive manufacturing(AM)processes.The X-ray diffraction results verify that the microstructural stability of the fabricated parts at high temperatures would allow them to be used in high temperatures. | A.N.M.Tanvir Md.R.U.A hsan Gijeong Seo Brian Bates Chanho Lee Peter K.Liaw Mark Noakese Andrzej Nycz Changwook Ji Duck Bong Kim | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，8： | 5 |
| 12 | A novel cleansing score system for capsule endoscopy显示文摘AIM:To suggest a new cleansing score system for small bowel preparation and to evaluate its clinical efficacy.METHODS:Twenty capsule endoscopy cases were reviewed and small bowel preparation was assessed with the new scoring system.For the assessment,two visual parameters were used:proportion of visualized mucosa and degree of obscuration.Representative frames from small bowel images were serially selected and scored at 5-min intervals.Intraclass correlation coefficient(ICC)was obtained to assess the reliability of the new scoring system.For efficacy evaluation and validation,scores of our new scoring system were compared with another previously reported cleansing grading system.RESULTS:Concordance with the previous system,inter-observer agreement,and intra-patient agreement were excellent with ICC values of 0.82,0.80,and 0.76,respectively.The intra-observer agreements at four-week intervals were also excellent.The cutoff value of adequate image quality was found to be 2.25.CONCLUSION:Our new scoring system is simple,efficient,and can be considered to be applicable in clinical practice and research. | Sung Chul Park Bora Keum Jong Jin Hyun Yeon Seok Seo Yong Sik Kim Yoon Tae Jeen Hoon Jai Chun Soon Ho Um Chang Duck Kim Ho Sang Ryu | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，7： | 5 |
| 13 | Computed tomography findings for predicting severe acute hepatitis with prolonged cholestasis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the significance of computed tomography (CT) findings in relation to liver chemistry and the clinical course of acute hepatitis. METHODS: Four hundred and twelve patients with acute hepatitis who underwent enhanced CT scanning were enrolled retrospectively. Imaging findings were analyzed for the following variables: gallbladder wall thickness (GWT), arterial heterogeneity, periportal tracking, number and maximum size of lymph nodes, presence of ascites, and size of spleen. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin time were measured on the day of admission and CT scan, and laboratory data were evaluated every 2-4 d for all subjects during hospitalization. RESULTS: The mean age of patients was 34.4 years, and the most common cause of hepatitis was hepatitis A virus (77.4%). The mean GWT was 5.2 mm. The number of patients who had findings of arterial heterogeneity, periportal tracking, lymph node enlargement > 7 mm, and ascites was 294 (80.1%), 348 (84.7%), 346 (84.5%), and 56 (13.6%), respectively. On multivariate logistic regression, male gender [odds ratio (OR) = 2.569, 95%CI: 1.477-4.469, P = 0.001], toxic hepatitis (OR = 3.531, 95%CI: 1.444-8.635, P = 0.006), level of albumin (OR = 2.154, 95%CI: 1.279-3.629, P = 0.004), and GWT (OR = 1.061, 95%CI: 1.015-1.110, P = 0.009) were independent predictive factors for severe hepatitis. The level of bilirubin (OR = 1.628, 95%CI: 1.331-1.991, P < 0.001) and GWT (OR = 1.172, 95%CI: 1.024-1.342,P = 0.021) were independent factors for prolonged cholestasis in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSION: In patients with acute hepatitis, GWT on CT scan was an independent predictor of severe hepatitis and prolonged cholestasis. | Sang Jung Park Jin Dong Kim Yeon Seok Seo Beom Jin Park Min Ju Kim Soon Ho Um Chang Ha Kim Hyung Joon Yim Soon Koo Baik Jin Yong Jung Bora Keum Yoon Tae Jeen Hong Sik Lee Hoon Jai Chun Chang Duck Kim Ho Sang Ryu | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，16： | 4 |
| 14 | Radiotherapy for 65 patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of radiotherapy (RT) in patients with advanced unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). METHODS: A total of 65 patients were treated with RT in the Korea University Medical Center. The median age of the patients was 60 years, and 86.2% were men. 18.5% and 81.5% of the patients were diagnosed as TNM stage Ⅲ and Ⅳ-A, respectively. Treatment response was assessed 4 mo after initiation of RT. Tumor regression rate 1 mo after initiation of RT (TRR1m) was also assessed. Duration of survival was calculated from the initiation of RT. RESULTS: The objective treatment response was 56.9%. The 12 mo survival rate was 34.7%. Predictive factors for survival were Child-Pugh grade, α-fetoprotein level and treatment response. An objective response was achieved more frequently in patients with TRR1m ≥ 20% than in those with TRR1m < 20% (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: RT is effective in treating advanced HCC with a tumor response rate of 56.9%. | Yeon Seok Seo Jin Nam Kim Bora Keum Sanghoon Park Yong Dae Kwon Yong Sik Kim Yoon Tae Jeen Hoon Jai Chun Chul Yong Kim Chang Duck Kim Ho Sang Ryu Soon Ho Um | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，15： | 4 |
| 15 | Intraductal papillary bile duct adenocarcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor in a case of neurofibromatosis type 1显示文摘We report our experience with a synchronous case of gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) and intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB) in anelderly woman with neurofibromatosis type 1(NF-1). A 72-year-old woman presented with a 2-mo history of right upper abdominal pain unrelated to diet and indigestion. Fourteen years earlier, she had been diagnosed with NF-1, which manifested as café au lait spots and multiple nodules on the skin. Computed tomography(CT) revealed a multilocular low-density mass with septation, and mural nodules in the right hepatic lobe, as well as a 1.7-cm-sized well-demarcated enhancing mass in the third portion of the duodenum. The patient subsequently underwent right hepatectomy and duodenal wedge resection. We present here the first report of a case involving a synchronous IPNB and GIST in a patient with NF-1. Our findings demonstrate the possibility of various tumors in NF-1 patients and the importance of diagnosis at an early | Jung Min Lee Jae Min Lee Jong Jin Hyun Hyuk Soon Choi Eun Sun Kim Bora Keum Yoon Tae Jeen Hoon Jai Chun Hong Sik Lee Chang Duck Kim Dong Sik Kim Joo Young Kim | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，4： | 4 |
| 16 | Inhibition of matrix metalloproteinases expression in human dental pulp cells by all-trans retinoic acid显示文摘All-trans retinoic acid(ATRA) inhibits matrix metalloproteinase(MMP)-2 and MMP-9 in synovial fibroblasts, skin fibroblasts,bronchoalveolar lavage cells and cancer cells, but activates MMP-9 in neuroblast and leukemia cells. Very little is known regarding whether ATRA can activate or inhibit MMPs in human dental pulp cells(HDPCs). The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ATRA on the production and secretion of MMP-2 and-9 in HDPCs. The productions and messenger RNA(mRNA) expressions of MMP-2 and-9 were accessed by gelatin zymography and real-time polymerase chain reaction(PCR), respectively. ATRA was found to decrease MMP-2 level in a dose-dependent manner. Significant reduction in MMP-2 mRNA expression was also observed in HDPCs treated with 25 mmol?L21ATRA. However, HDPCs treated with ATRA had no effect on the pattern of MMP-9 produced or secreted in either cell extracts or conditioned medium fractions. Taken together, ATRA had an inhibitory effect on MMP-2 expression in HDPCs,which suggests that ATRA could be a candidate as a medicament which could control the inflammation of pulp tissue in vital pulp therapy and regenerative endodontics. | Jin Man Kim Sang Wook Kang Su-Mi Shin Duck Su Kim Kyong-Kyu Choi Eun-Cheol Kim Sun-Young Kim | 2014 | International Journal of Oral Science2014，6，3： | 3 |
| 17 | Endoscopic en bloc resection of an exophytic gastrointestinal stromal tumor with suction excavation technique显示文摘Here, we report the first successful endoscopic resection of an exophytic gastrointestinal stromal tumor(GIST) using a novel perforation-free suction excavation technique. A 49-year-old woman presented for further management of a gastric subepithelial tumor on the lesser curvature of the lower body, originally detected via routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Abdominal computed tomography and endoscopic ultrasound showed a 4-cm extraluminally protruding mass originating from the muscularis propria layer. The patient firmly refused surgical resection owing to potential cardiac problems, and informed consent was obtained for endoscopic removal. Careful dissection and suction of the tumor was repeated until successful extraction was achieved without serosal injury. We named this procedure the suction excavation technique. The tumor's dimensions were 3.5 cm × 2.8 cm × 2.5 cm. The tumor was positive for C-KIT and CD34 by immunohistochemical staining. The mitotic count was 6/50 high-power fields. The patient was followed for 5 years without tumor recurrence. This case demonstrated the use of endoscopic resection of an exophytic GIST using the suction excavation technique as a potential therapy without surgical resection. | Hyuk Soon Choi Hoon Jai Chun Kyoung-Oh Kim Eun Sun Kim Bora Keum Yoon-Tae Jeen Hong Sik Lee Chang Duck Kim | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，23： | 3 |
| 18 | The biochemical efficacy of primary cryoablation combined with prolonged total androgen suppression compared with radiotherapy on high-risk prostate cancer: a 3-year pilot study显示文摘为了在高风险的前列腺癌症,联合本地治疗的一条综合途径和雄激素剥夺治疗(ADT ) 的管理获得有益的效果,被使用。我们比较了在与与 ADT 相结合的延长 ADT 和放射相结合的前列腺(CSAP ) 的主要 cryosurgical 脱离之间的生物化学的回答,它是在高风险的疾病的确定的形式。收到的 CSAP 在治疗以后与 ADT 相结合 3 个月在前并且直到 24 个月的 33 个高风险的病人的一个总数。这个耐心的组与另外一个被匹配为 ADT 与一样的协议经历了三维的保角的放射治疗(3D-CRT ) 的 33 个病人。生物化学的复发(BCR ) 被美国社会为治疗学的放射肿瘤学(ASTRO ) 估计 0.5 ng mL 的定义,菲尼克斯定义和前列腺特定的抗原(PSA ) 截止 ? 1。中部的后续是为 CSAP + ADT 的 11.9 个月组织的 61.0 卤和为 3D-CRT + ADT 的 15.8 个月组织的 86.0 卤。在 CSAP 组,包括 rectourethral 管和不能自制的主要复杂并发症没被注意。在 CSAP + ADT 组, 57.0% 用 ASTRO 定义有 BCR, 21.2% 使用菲尼克斯定义并且 54.5% 使用 0.5 ng mL 的 PSA 截止 ? 1。在 3D-CRT + ADT 组, 54.5% , 21.2% 和 54.5% 分别地用 ASTRO,菲尼克斯和 PSA 定义有 BCR。在 CSAP + ADT 组, BCR 免费的幸存(BRFS ) 是 54 卤用 ASTRO 定义的 10 个月, 65 卤用菲尼克斯定义的 5 个月和 51 卤用 0.5 ng mL 的 PSA 截止的 4 个月 ? 1。在 3D-CRT + ADT 组, BRFS 是 68 卤 12, 93 卤 19 和 70 卤分别地使用 ASTRO,菲尼克斯和 PSA 定义的 18 个月。由木头等级测试,为每个组的 BRFS 价值不是统计上不同的。这中间术语的结果显示与延长 ADT 相结合的主要 CSAP 在高风险的前列腺癌症与放射疗法相比提供平行生物化学的回答。 | Young Hwii Ko Seok Ho Kang Young Je Park Hong Seok Park Du Geon Moon Jeong Gu Lee Duck Ki Yoon Je Jong Kim Jun Cheon | 2010 | Asian Journal of Andrology2010，12，6： | 3 |
| 19 | Savings–age profiles in the UK显示文摘 | David Demery Nigel W. Duck | 2006 | Journal of Population Economics2006，，3： | 2 |
| 20 | Ginkgo biloba extract enhances antiplatelet and antithrombotic effects of cilostazol without prolongation of bleeding time显示文摘 | Keun Ho Ryu Hye Young Han So Young Lee Sun Duck Jeon Guang-Jin Im Bong Yong Lee Keunyoung Kim Kyung-Min Lim Jin-Ho Chung | 2009 | Thrombosis Research2009，，3： | 2 |
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