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| 1 | Rapid changes of microsatellite flanking sequence in the allopolyploidization of new synthesized hexaploid wheat显示文摘It was suggested that the rapid changes of DNA sequence and gene expression oc- curred at the early stages of allopolyploid formation. In this study, we revealed the microsatellite (SSR) differences between newly formed allopolyploids and their donor parents by using 21 primer sets specific for D genome of wheat. It was indicated that rapid changes had occurred in the “shock” process of the allopolyploid formation between tetraploid wheat and Aegilops tauschii. The changes of SSR flanking sequence resulted in appearance of novel bands or disappearance of parental bands. The disappearance of the parental bands showed much higher frequencies in comparison with that of appearance of novel bands. Disappearance of the parental bands was not random. The frequency of disappearance in tetraploid wheat was much higher than in Ae. tauschii, i. e. the disappearance frequency in AABB genome was much higher than in D genome. Changes of SSR flanking sequence occurred at the early stage of F1 hybrid or just after chro- mosome doubling. From the above results, it can be inferred that SSR flanking sequence region was very active and was amenable to change in the process of polyploidization. This suggested that SSR flanking sequence probably had special biological function at the early stage of ploy- ploidization. The rapid and directional changes at the early stage of polyploidization might con- tribute to the rapid evolution of the newly formed allopolyploid and allow the divergent genomes to act in harmony. | ZHANG Lianquan LIU Dengcai YAN Zehong LAN Xiujin ZHENG Youliang ZHOU Yonghong | 2004 | Science China(Life Sciences)2004，47，6： | 25 |
| 2 | Synthetic hexaploid wheat and its utilization for wheat genetic improvement in China显示文摘Synthetic hexaploid wheat (Triticum turgidum × Aegilops tauschii) was created to explore for novel genes from T. turgidum and Ae. tauschii that can be used for common wheat improvement. In the present paper, research advances on the utilization of synthetic hexaploid wheat for wheat genetic improvement in China are reviewed. Over 200 synthetic hexaploid wheat (SHW) accessions from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT) were introduced into China since 1995. Four cultivars derived from these, Chuanmai 38, Chuanmai 42, Chuanmai 43 and Chuanmai 47, have been released in China. Of these, Chuanmai 42, with large kernels and resistance to stripe rust, had the highest average yield (> 6 t/ha) among all cultivars over two years in Sichuan provincial yield trials, outyielding the commercial check cultivar Chuanmai 107 by 22.7%. Meanwhile, by either artificial chromosome doubling via colchicine treatment or spontaneous chromosome doubling via a union of unreduced gametes (2n) from T. turgidum-Ae. tauschii hybrids, new SHW lines were produced in China. Mitotic-like meiosis might be the cytological mechanism of spontaneous chromosome doubling. SHW lines with genes for spontaneous chromosome doubling may be useful for producing new SHW-alien amphidiploids and double haploid in wheat genetic improvement. | Wuyun Yang Dengcai Liu Jun Li Lianquan Zhang Huiting Wei Xiaorong Hu Youliang Zheng Zhouhu He Yuchun Zou | 2009 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2009，36，9： | 18 |
| 3 | Synthetic Hexaploid Wheat: Yesterday, Today, and Tomorrow显示文摘 | Aili Li Dengcai Liu Wuyun Yang Masahiro Kishii Long Mao | 2018 | Engineering2018，4，4： | 7 |
| 4 | Synthesizing double haploid hexaploid wheat populations based on a spontaneous alloploidization process显示文摘加倍的 haploid (DH ) 人口在庄稼改进和基本研究对科学家和 breeders 有用。生产 DH 的当前的方法通常为为染色体加倍提取 haploids 和化学处理在 vitro 需要文化。这份报告为综合描述一个简单方法特别为由利用 meiotic 归还基因的 allopolyploid 种类的 DH (SynDH ) 。方法包含三个步骤:杂交将导致再结合,提取 haploids 的种间的杂交,和由 selfing 加倍种间的 F1s 的自发的染色体。这样生产的 DH 在对一个同类的背景的兴趣的染色体包含 recombinant 染色体。没有特殊设备或处理涉及 DH 生产,它能容易在任何繁殖或基因节目被使用。Triticum turgidum L。并且 Aegilops tauschii Coss,普通小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) 的二祖先的种和分子的标记被用来表明 SynDH 方法。 | Lianquan Zhang Li Zhang Jiangtao Luo Wenjie Chen Ming Hao Baolong Liu Zehong Yan Bo Zhang Huaigang Zhang Youliang Zheng Dengcai Liu Yang Yen | 2011 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2011，38，2： | 5 |
| 5 | Production of aneuhaploid and euhaploid sporocytes by meiotic restitution in fertile hybrids between durum wheat Langdon chromosome substitution lines and Aegilops tauschii显示文摘Fertile F1 hybrids were obtained between durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Langdon (LDN) and its 10 disomic substitution (LDN DS) lines with Aegilops tauschii accession AS60 without embryo rescue. Selfed seedset rates for hybrids of LDN with AS60 were 36.87% and 49.45% in 2005 and 2006, respectively. Similar or higher selfed seedset rates were observed in the hybrids of 1D (1A), 1D (1B), 3D (3A), 4D (4B), 7D (7A), and 2D (2B) with AS60, while lower in hybrids of 3D (3B) + 3BL, 5D (5A) + 5AL, 5D (5B) + 5B and 6D (6B) + 6BS with AS60 compared with the hybrids of LDN with AS60. Observation of male gametogenesis showed that meiotic restitution, both first-division restitution (FDR) and single-division meiosis (SDM) resulted in the formation of functional unreduced gametes, which in turn produced seeds. Both euhaploid and aneuhaploid gametes were produced in F1 hybrids. This suggested a strategy to simultane-ously transfer and locate major genes from the ancestral species T. turgidum or Ae. tauschii. Moreover, there was no significant difference in the aneuhaploid rates between the F1 hybrids of LDN and LDN DS lines with AS60, suggesting that meiotic pairing between the two D chromosomes in the hybrids of LDN DS lines with AS60 did not promote the formation of aneuhaploid gametes. | Lianquan Zhang Qijiao Chen Zhongwei Yuan Zhiguo Xiang Youliang Zheng Dengcai Liu | 2008 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2008，35，10： | 5 |
| 6 | Wheat breeding in the hometown of Chinese Spring显示文摘The common wheat landrace Chinese Spring(CS) was made famous by the work of Ernie Sears, a great cytogenetist, who developed a number of CS-based aneuploid series that were used to identify individual wheat chromosomes. Based on this, a standard karyotype and nomenclature system was developed for wheat chromosomes that allowed wheat researchers to analyze and manipulate the wheat genome with unprecedented precision and efficiency. Nevertheless, not much is known about the utilization of CS at its hometown, Chengdu in Sichuan province, during early wheat breeding activity. In this review, we follow the speculation that CS is a selection from the Cheng-du-guang-tou(CDGT) landrace. We provide a description of how CDGT became a founder landrace for wheat breeding activities in early times. We show that CDGT-derived varieties were reinforced genetically by crosses to six more exotic parents. These varieties remained the major elite cultivar for several decades. Later, synthetic hexaploid wheats were introduced into the breeding program, firstly using those from CIMMYT and later using materials produced with local tetraploid wheat and goat grass. Finally, we discuss the strategies and future directions to improve wheat yield and resistance through an expanded genetic basis,especially by recapturing lost genetic variations from landraces and related wild species, a process that may set an example for wheat breeders in China and elsewhere. | Dengcai Liu Lianquan Zhang Ming Hao Shunzong Ning Zhongwei Yuan Shoufen Dai Lin Huang Bihua Wu Zehong Yan Xiujin Lan Youliang Zheng | 2018 | The Crop Journal2018，6，1： | 4 |
| 7 | Wheat breeding history reveals synergistic selection of pleiotropic genomic sites for plant architecture and grain yield显示文摘Diversity surveys of crop germplasm are important for gaining insights into the genomic basis for plant architecture and grain yield improvement,which is still poorly understood in wheat.In this study,we exome sequenced 287 wheat accessions that were collected in the past 100 years.Population genetics analysis identified that 6.7%of the wheat genome falls within the selective sweeps between landraces and cultivars,which harbors the genes known for yield improvement.These regions were asymmetrically distributed on the A and B subgenomes with regulatory genes being favorably selected.Genome-wide association study(GWAS)identified genomic loci associated with traits for yield potential,and two underlying genes,TaARF12 encoding an auxin response factor and TaDEP1 encoding the G-proteinγ-subunit,were located and characterized to pleiotropically regulate both plant height and grain weight.Elite single-nucleotide haplotypes with increased allele frequency in cultivars relative to the landraces were identified and found to have accumulated over the course of breeding.Interestingly,we found that TaARF12 and TaDEP1 function in epistasis with the classical plant height Rht-1 locus,leading to propose a“Green Revolution”-based working model for historical wheat breeding.Collectively,our study identifies selection signatures that fine-tune the gibberellin pathway during modern wheat breeding and provides a wealth of genomic diversity resources for the wheat research community. | Aili Li Chenyang Hao Zhenyu Wang Shuaifeng Geng Meiling Jia Fang Wang Xiang Han Xingchen Kong Lingjie Yin Shu Tao Zhongyin Deng Ruyi Liao Guoliang Sun Ke Wang Xingguo Ye Chengzhi Jiao Hongfeng Lu Yun Zhou Dengcai Liu Xiangdong Fu Xueyong Zhang Long Mao | 2022 | Molecular Plant2022，15，3： | 4 |
| 8 | Divergence in homoeolog expression of the grain length-associated gene GASR7 during wheat allohexaploidization显示文摘Hexaploid wheat has triplicated homoeologs for most of the genes that are located in subgenomes A, B, and D. GASR7, a member of the Snakin/GASA gene family, has been associated with grain length development in wheat. However, little is known about divergence of its homoeolog expression in wheat polyploids. We studied the expression patterns of the GASR7 homoeologs in immature seeds in a synthetic hexaploid wheat line whose kernels are slender like those of its maternal parent(Triticum turgidum, AABB, PI 94655) in contrast to the round seed shape of its paternal progenitor(Aegilops tauschii, DD, AS2404). We found that the B homoeolog of GASR7 was the main contributor to the total expression level of this gene in both the maternal tetraploid progenitor and the hexaploid progeny, whereas the expression levels of the A and D homoeologs were much lower. To understand possible mechanisms regulating different GASR7 homoeologs, we firstly analyzed the promoter sequences of three homoeologous genes and found that all of them contained gibberellic acid(GA) response elements, with the TaG ASR7 B promoter(pT aG ASR7B) uniquely characterized by an additional predicted transcriptional enhancer. This was confirmed by the GA treatment of spikes where all three homoeologs were induced, with a much stronger response for TaG ASR7 B. McrB C enzyme assays showed that the methylation status at pT aG ASR7 D was increased during allohexaploidization, consistent with the repressed expression of TaG ASR7 D. For pT aG ASR7 A, the distribution of repetitive sequence-derived 24-nucleotide(nt) small interfering RNAs(siR NAs) were found which suggests possible epigenetic regulation because 24-nt siR NAs are known to mediate RNA-dependent DNA methylation. Our results thus indicate that both genetic and epigenetic mechanisms may be involved in the divergence of GASR7 homoeolog expression in polyploid wheat. | Dongdong Zhang Bingnan Wang Junmin Zhao Xubo Zhao Lianquan Zhang Dengcai Liu Lingli Dong Daowen Wang Long Mao Aili Li | 2015 | The Crop Journal2015，3，1： | 2 |
| 9 | Alien DNA introgression and wheat DNA rearrangements in a stable wheat line derived from the early generation of distant hybridization显示文摘Polyploidy has been found to be common in plants. Bread or common wheat (Triti-cum aestivum L., 2n = 42) is a good example of allopolyploid made up of three diploid genomes A, B and D. In recent years, by the study of mimicking the origination of common wheat, it was found that changes of DNA sequence and gene expression occurred at the early stages of artifi-cial allohexaploid between tetraploid wheat and Aegilops tauschii, which was probably favorable to genetic diploidization of new synthetic hexaploid wheat. Common wheat 99L2 is a new line stable in genetic, which was derived from the early self-pollinated generation of wide hybrids between common wheat and rye. In this study, it was found that at least two rye DNA segments had been introgressed into 99L2. This result suggested that a mechanism of alien DNA intro-gression may exist, which was different from the traditional mechanism of chromosome pairing and DNA recombination between wheat and alien species. Meanwhile, during the introgression process of alien rye DNA segments, the changes in DNA sequences of wheat itself occurred. | ZHANG Lianquan LIU Dengcai YAN Zehong ZHENG Youliang | 2005 | Science China(Life Sciences)2005，48，5： | 1 |
| 10 | The KL system in wheat permits homoeologous crossing over between closely related chromosomes显示文摘The Chinese wheat landrace Kaixianluohanmai(KL)expresses the ph-like phenotype.A major QTL,QPh.sicau-3A(syn.phKL),responsible for this effect has been mapped to chromosome arm 3AL.This study presents some characteristics of homoeologous pairing and recombination induced by phKL.In KL haploids,the level of homoeologous pairing was elevated relative to Ph1 Chinese Spring(CS)haploids.There was a clear preference for A–D pairing and less frequent for A–B and B–D,reflecting the higher levels of affinity between genomes A and D in wheat.The characteristics of pairing were affected by temperature and magnesium ion supplementation.The suitability of phKL for chromosome engineering was tested on three pairs of homoeologues:2Sv-2B,2Sv-2D,and 2RL-2BL.The recombination rates were 1.68%,0.17%,and 0%,respectively.The phKL locus in KL induced a moderate level of homoeologous chromosome pairing and recombination when the Ph1 locus of wheat was present,both in wheat haploids and hexaploids.The Ph1-imposed criteria for chromosome pairing and crossing over were relaxed to some degree,permitting homoeologous crossing over but only between closely related chromosomes;there was no crossing over between more differentiated chromosomes.Therefore,the phKL system(QPh.sicau-3A)can be a useful tool in chromosome engineering of wheat to transfer genes from closely related species with the benefit of reduced genomic chaos generated by the ph1b mutation. | Chaolan Fan Jiangtao Luo Jiaojiao Sun Hong Chen Liqiong Li Lanyue Zhang Xue Chen Yazhou Li Shunzong Ning Zhongwei Yuan Bo Jiang Lianquan Zhang Xuejiao Chen Adam J.Lukaszewski Dengcai Liu Ming Hao | 2023 | The Crop Journal2023，11，3： | 0 |
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