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| 1 | MicroRNAs as a potential prognostic factor in gastric cancer显示文摘AIM:To compare the microRNA (miR) profiles in the primary tumor of patients with recurrent and non-recurrent gastric cancer.METHODS:The study group included 45 patients who underwent curative gastrectomies from 1995 to 2005 without adjuvant or neoadjuvant therapy and for whom adequate tumor content was available.Total RNA was extracted from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tumor samples,preserving the small RNA fraction.Initial profiling using miR microarrays was performed to identify potential biomarkers of recurrence after resection.The expression of the differential miRs was later verified by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR).Findings were compared between patients who had a recurrence within 36 mo of surgery (bad-prognosis group,n=14,31%) and those who did not (good-prognosis group,n=31,69%).RESULTS:Three miRs,miR-451,miR-199a-3p and miR-195 were found to be differentially expressed in tumors from patients with good prognosis vs patients with bad prognosis (P<0.0002,0.0027 and 0.0046 respectively).High expression of each miR was associated with poorer prognosis for both recurrence and survival.Using miR-451,the positive predictive value for non-recurrence was 100% (13/13).The expression of the differential miRs was verified by qRT-PCR,showing high correlation to the microarray data and similar separation into prognosis groups.CONCLUSION:This study identified three miRs,miR-451,miR-199a-3p and miR-195 to be predictive of recurrence of gastric cancer.Of these,miR-451 had the strongest prognostic impact. | Baruch Brenner Moshe B Hoshen Ofer Purim Miriam Ben David Karin Ashkenazi Gideon Marshak Yulia Kundel Ronen Brenner Sara Morgenstern Marisa Halpern Nitzan Rosenfeld Ayelet Chajut Yaron Niv Michal Kushnir | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，35： | 31 |
| 2 | Diabetic nephropathy:Is it time yet for routine kidney biopsy?显示文摘Diabetic nephropathy(DN)is one of the most important long-term complications of diabetes.Patients with diabetes and chronic kidney disease have an increased risk of all-cause mortality,cardiovascular mortality,and kidney failure.The clinical diagnosis of DN depends on the detection of microalbuminuria.This usually occurs after the first five years from the onset of diabetes,and predictors of DN development and progression are being studied but are not yet implemented into clinical practice.Diagnostic tests are useful tools to recognize onset,progression and response to therapeutic interventions.Microalbuminuria is an indicator of DN,and it is considered the only noninvasive marker of early onset.However,up to now there is no diagnostic tool that can predict which patients will develop DN before any damage is present.Pathological renal injury is hard to predict only with clinical and laboratory findings.An accurate estimate of damage in DN can only be achieved by the histological analysis of tissue samples.At the present time,renal biopsy is indicated on patients with diabetes under the suspicion of the presence of nephropathies other than DN.Results from renal biopsies in patients with diabetes had made possible the classification of renal biopsies in three major groups associated with different prognostic features:diabetic nephropathy,non-diabetic renal disease(NDRD),and a superimposed non-diabetic condition on underlying diabetic nephropathy.In patients with type 2 diabetes with a higher degree of suspicion for NDRD,it is granted the need of a renal biopsy.It is important to identify and differentiate these pathologies at an early stage in order to prevent progression and potential complications.Therefore,a more extensive use of biopsy is advisable. | Maria L Gonzalez Suarez David B Thomas Laura Barisoni Alessia Fornoni | 2013 | World Journal of Diabetes2013，4，6： | 29 |
| 3 | Factors associated with time to laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis显示文摘AIM: To determine patient and process of care factors associated with performance of timely laparoscopic cholecystectomy for acute cholecystitis. METHODS: A retrospective medical record review of 88 consecutive patients with acute cholecystitis was conducted. Data collected included demographic data, co-morbidities, symptoms and physical findings at presentation, laboratory and radiological investigations, length of stay, complications, and admission service (medical or surgical). Patients not undergoing cholecystectomy during this hospitalization were excluded from analysis. Hierarchical generalized linear models were constructed to assess the association of pre-operative diagnostic procedures, presenting signs, and admitting service with time to surgery.RESULTS: Seventy cases met inclusion and exclusion criteria, among which 12 were admitted to the medical service and 58 to the surgical service. Mean ± SD time to surgery was 39.3 ± 43 h, with 87% of operations performed within 72 h of hospital arrival. In the adjusted models, longer time to surgery was associated with number of diagnostic studies and endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCP, P = 0.01) as well with admission to medical service without adjustment for ERCP (P < 0.05). Patients undergoing both magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and computed tomography (CT) scans experienced the longest waits for surgery. Patients admitted to the surgical versus medical service underwent surgery earlier (30.4 ± 34.9 vs 82.7 ± 55.1 h, P < 0.01), had less post-operative complications (12% vs 58%, P < 0.01), and shorter length of stay (4.3 ± 3.4 vs 8.1 ± 5.2 d, P < 0.01).CONCLUSION: Admission to the medical service and performance of numerous diagnostic procedures, ERCP, or MRCP combined with CT scan were associated with longer time to surgery. Expeditious performance of ERCP and MRCP and admission of medically stable patients with suspected cholecystitis to the surgical service to speed up time to surgery should be considered. | Chris N Daniak David Peretz Jonathan M Fine Yun Wang Alan K Meinke William B Hale | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，7： | 13 |
| 4 | 高铌X80管道不同强度匹配环焊接头性能及应变演化显示文摘为探究管道环焊缝断裂失效机理,测试了两种不同强度匹配的高铌X80环焊缝接头的组织和性能,并借助数字图像相关法(digital image correlation, DIC)观测了焊接接头在拉伸载荷下的应变行为.结果表明,低强匹配和高强匹配的高铌X80管道环焊接头均具有较好的冲击韧性,二者的夏比冲击吸收能量平均值相当,热影响区韧性离散主要是粗晶区组织不均匀性所致;高铌X80管线钢碳当量CEIIW较低,环焊缝接头热影响区存在一定程度软化.在轴向拉伸载荷下,无论是低强匹配还是高强匹配,应变集中最先出现在环焊缝的根焊和热影响区部位.随着拉伸载荷的增加,高强匹配环焊缝接头的应变集中逐渐从根焊和热影响区转移到母材,管道承受轴向载荷和变形的能力大于低强匹配环焊接头;而对于低强匹配,因在焊缝和热影响区产生塑性应变累积,即使具有较好的韧性,环焊接头也会发生断裂. | 何小东 高雄雄 David Han 池强 霍春勇 JoséB Bacalhau | 2022 | 焊接学报2022，43，2： | 11 |
| 5 | Rotational assisted endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in patients with reconstructive gastrointestinal surgical anatomy显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the success rates of performing therapy utilizing a rotational assisted enteroscopy device in endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) in surgically altered anatomy patients. METHODS: Between June 1, 2009 and November 8, 2012, we performed 42 ERCPs with the use of rotational enteroscopy for patients with altered anatomy(39 with gastric bypass Roux-en-Y, 2 with Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy, and 1 with hepaticojejunostomy associated with liver transplant). The indications for ERCP were: choledocholithiasis: 13 of 42(30.9%), biliary obstruction suggested on imaging: 20 of 42(47.6%), suspected sphincter of Oddi dysfunction: 4 of 42(9.5%), abnormal liver enzymes: 1 of 42(2.4%), ascending cholangitis: 2 of 42(4.8%), and bile leak: 2 of 42(4.8%). All procedures were completed with the Olympus SIF-Q180 enteroscope and the Endo-Ease Discovery SB overtube produced by Spirus Medical. RESULTS: Successful visualization of the major ampulla was accomplished in 32 of 42 procedures(76.2%). Cannulation of the bile duct was successful in 26 of 32 procedures reaching the major ampulla(81.3%). Successful therapeutic intervention was completed in 24 of 26 procedures in which the bileduct was cannulated(92.3%). The overall intention to treat success rate was 64.3%. In terms of cannulation success, the intention to treat success rate was 61.5%. Ten out of forty two patients(23.8%) required admission to the hospital after procedure for abdominal pain and nausea, and 3 of those 10 patients(7.1%) had a diagnosis of post-ERCP pancreatitis. The average hospital stay was 3 d.CONCLUSION: It is reasonable to consider an attempt at rotational assisted ERCP prior to a surgical intervention to alleviate biliary complications in patients with altered surgical anatomy. | Majed El Zouhairi James B Watson Svetang V Desai David K Swartz Alejandra Castillo-Roth Mahfuzul Haque Paul S Jowell Malcolm S Branch Rebecca A Burbridge | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，3： | 10 |
| 6 | The Sandfish's Skin:Morphology,Chemistry and Reconstruction显示文摘The sandfish is a lizard having the remarkable ability to move in desert sand in a swimming-like fashion. The most out-standing adaptations to this mode of life are the low friction behaviour and the extensive abrasion resistance of the sandfish skin against sand, outperforming even steel. We investigated the topography, the composition and the mechanical properties of sandfish scales. These consist of glycosylated keratins with high amount of sulphur but no hard inorganic material, such as silicates or lime. Remarkably, atomic force microscopy shows an almost complete absence of attractive forces between the scale surface and a silicon tip, suggesting that this is responsible for the unusual tribological properties. The unusual glycosylation of the keratins was found to be absolutely necessary for the described phenomenon. The scales were dissolved and reconstituted on a polymer surface resulting in properties similar to the original scale. Thus, we provide a pathway towards exploitation of the reconstituted scale material for future engineering applications. | Werner Baumgartner Friederike Saxe Agnes Weth David Hajas Darwin Sigumonrong Jens Emmerlich Martin Singheiser Wolfgang Bhme Jochen M. Schneider | 2007 | Journal of Bionic Engineering2007，4，1： | 10 |
| 7 | Significant association between ABO blood group and pancreatic cancer显示文摘AIM:To evaluate whether the ABO blood group is related to pancreatic cancer risk in the general population of the United States.METHODS:Using the University of Pittsburgh's clinicalpancreatic cancer registry,the blood donor database from our local blood bank (Central Blood Bank),and the blood product recipient database from the regional transfusion service (Centralized Transfusion Service) in Pittsburgh,Pennsylvania,we identified 274 pancreatic cancer patients with previously determined serological ABO blood group information.The ABO blood group frequency was compared between these patients and 708842 individual,community-based blood donors who had made donations to Pittsburgh's Central Blood Bank between 1979 and 2009.RESULTS:The frequency of blood group A was statistically significantly higher amongst pancreatic cancer patients compared to its frequency amongst the regional blood donors [47.63% vs 39.10%,odds ratio (OR)=1.43,P=0.004].Conversely,the frequency of blood group O was significantly lower amongst pancreatic cancer patients relative to the community blood donors (32.12% vs 43.99%,OR=0.60,P=0.00007).There were limited blood group B (n=38) and AB (n=17) pancreatic cancer patients;the overall P trend value comparing patient to donor blood groups was 0.001.CONCLUSION:The ABO blood group is associated with pancreatic cancer risk.Future studies should examine the mechanism linking pancreatic cancer risk to ABO blood group. | Julia B Greer Mark H Yazer Jay S Raval M Michael Barmada Randall E Brand David C Whitcomb | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，44： | 10 |
| 8 | 牧草如何生长——植物生长与放牧管理之关联(英文)显示文摘适当管理饲料饲草资源的基本原则是理解多年生牧草如何生长。长期以来 ,对根系生长有了基本的了解 ,对去叶和环境对根系生长的影响也知之甚多。然而 ,对去叶、干旱及其他环境因素对多年生牧草的影响以及这些牧草对去叶的反应缺乏应有的理解。从牧草返青到开花 ,植物处于短枝阶段 ,适度放牧并不对多年生牧草的健康和活力造成危害 ,因为植物会弥补其失去的叶片。然而 ,当牧草从短枝向长枝阶段 (节间伸长和开花期 )转移时 ,碳水化合物主要用于节间伸长和开花过程。在开花后和休眠前期 ,碳水化合物主要向茎基和植物基部转移 ,以供来年新枝条的发育。因此 ,在花后和休眠前期 ,放牧系统必须被调节到“无放牧”状态。“无放牧”状态 ,如休息、轮牧、延迟轮牧和快速轮牧制 ,其价值在于这种定期的禁牧可提高多年生牧草的活力 ,改善草地的健康状况 ,并且在不利的环境条件下 。 | Ronald E Sosebee David B Wester J Carlos Villalobos Carlton M Britton Changgui Wan Hisham Nofal | 2005 | 草业学报2005，14，1： | 8 |
| 9 | Linkage of microbiota and osteoporosis:A mini literature review显示文摘The gut microbiota(GM) has become a recent topic of interest in the role of many disease states. Assessing patients with osteoporosis(OP), there is a strong correlation between gut microbe dysregulation and decreased bone density. Gut dysbiosis may lead to inflammation, dysregulation of nutrient and calcium transport across the intestine into circulation and systemic inflammation.Investigation of microbial profile relative to normal gut microbiomes, assessment of inflammatory markers such as interleukin-1(IL-1), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha. Therapies to normalize GM in patients with OP or prevent occurrence of OP to be investigated include: High fiber prebiotic diets to promote growth of normal gut bacteria and short chain fatty acid production, Probiotics to encourage growth of normal gut microbes, and antibiotic treatment followed by fecal matter transplant. | David Yatsonsky Ⅱ Karen Pan Vithal B Shendge Jiayong Liu Nabil A Ebraheim | 2019 | World Journal of Orthopedics2019，10，3： | 7 |
| 10 | Prevalence and Risk Factors of Atrial Fibrillation in Chinese Elderly: Results from the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey显示文摘 | Choy-Lye Chei Prassanna Raman Chi Keong Chino Zhao-Xue Yin Xiao-Ming Shi Yi Zeng David B Matchar | 2015 | Chinese Medical Journal2015，，18： | 7 |
| 11 | Association between calcium sensing receptor gene polymorphisms and chronic pancreatitis in a US population:Role of serine protease inhibitor Kazal 1type and alcohol显示文摘AIM: To test the hypothesis that calcium sensing receptor (CASR) polymorphisms are associated with chronic pancreatitis (CP), and to determine whether serine protease inhibitor Kazal 1type (SPINK1) N34S oralcohol are necessary co-factors in its etiology. METHODS: Initially, 115 subjects with pancreatitis and 66 controls were evaluated, of whom 57 patients and 21 controls were predetermined to carry the high-risk SPINK1 N34S polymorphism. We sequenced CASR gene exons 2, 3, 4, 5 and 7, areas containing the majority of reported polymorphisms and novel mutations. Based on the initial results, we added 223 patients and 239 controls to analyze three common nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in exon 7 (A986S, R990G, and Q1011E). RESULTS: The CASR exon 7 R990G polymorphism was signifi cantly associated with CP (OR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.12-3.59; P = 0.015). The association between CASR R990G and CP was stronger in subjects who reported moderate or heavy alcohol consumption (OR, 3.12; 95% CI, 1.14-9.13; P = 0.018). There was no association between the various CASR genotypes and SPINK1 N34S in pancreatitis. None of the novel CASR polymorphisms reported from Germany and India was detected. CONCLUSION: Our United States-based study confirmed an association of CASR and CP and for the first time demonstrated that CASR R990G is a signifi cant risk factor for CP. We also conclude that the risk of CP with CASR R990G is increased in subjects with moderate to heavy alcohol consumption. | Venkata Muddana Janette Lamb Julia B Greer Beth Elinoff Robert H Hawes Peter B Cotton Michelle A Anderson Randall E Brand Adam Slivka David C Whitcomb | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，28： | 7 |
| 12 | Selecting suitable solid organ transplant donors: Reducing the risk of donor-transmitted infections显示文摘Selection of the appropriate donor is essential to a successful allograft recipient outcome for solid organ transplantation. Multiple infectious diseases have been transmitted from the donor to the recipient via transplantation. Donor-transmitted infections cause increased morbidity and mortality to the recipient. In recent years, a series of high-profile transmissions of infections have occurred in organ recipients prompt-ing increased attention on the process of improving the selection of an appropriate donor that balances the shortage of needed allografts with an approach that mitigates the risk of donor-transmitted infection to the recipient. Important advances focused on improving donor screening diagnostics, using previously excluded high-risk donors, and individualizing the selection of allografts to recipients based on their prior infection history are serving to increase the donor pool and improve outcomes after transplant. This article serves to review the relevant literature surrounding this topic and to provide a suggested approach to the selection of an appropriate solid organ transplant donor. | Christopher S Kovacs Jr Christine E Koval David van Duin Amanda Guedes de Morais Blanca E Gonzalez Robin K Avery Steven D Mawhorter Kyle D Brizendine Eric D Cober Cyndee Miranda Rabin K Shrestha Lucileia Teixeira Sherif B Mossad | 2014 | World Journal of Transplantation2014，4，2： | 7 |
| 13 | Management of Hyperglycemia in Type 2 Diabetes: A Patient-Centered Approach: Position Statement of the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes (EASD)显示文摘 | Inzucchi Silvio E Bergenstal Richard M Buse John B Diamant Michaela Ferrannini Ele Nauck Michael Peters Anne L Tsapas Apostolos Wender Richard Matthews David R | 2012 | EN2012，，3： | 6 |
| 14 | 利用基因工程菌去除电解废水中的汞离子显示文摘利用构建的基因工程菌生物富集真实电解废水中的汞离子 .电解废水中除含有 2 .5 8mg/L的汞离子外 ,还含有十种以上的其它成分 ,且 pH值为 9.6 .实验表明 ,与重组菌对只含汞离子的实验室模拟废水的处理结果比较 ,电解废水中其它组份的存在意外地增大了重组菌富集汞离子的作用速率 ,但同时却使细菌的最大汞富集量降低了30 % .废水 pH的变化对重组菌的汞富集行为影响很小 ,说明该基因工程菌能在很宽的pH范围内有效地富集汞 .实验还考察了EDTA及离子强度对富集行为的影响 . | 邓旭 李清彪 孙道华 黄益丽 Wilson David B | 2002 | 厦门大学学报(自然科学版)2002，41，3： | 6 |
| 15 | Silicon carbide resonant tuning fork for microsensing applications in high-temperature and high G-shock environments显示文摘We present the fabrication and testing of a silicon carbide(SiC)balanced mass double-ended tuning fork that survives harsh environments without compromising the device strain sensitivity and resolution bandwidth.The device features a material stack that survives corrosive environments and enables high-temperature operation.To perform high-temperature testing,a specialized setup was constructed that allows the tuning fork to be characterized using traditional silicon electronics.The tuning fork has been operated at 600 ℃ in the presence of dry steam for short durations.This tuning fork has also been tested to 64 000 G using a hard-launch,soft-catch shock implemented with a light gas gun.However,the device still has a strain sensitivity of 66 Hz/με and strain resolution of 0.045 με in a 10 kHz bandwidth.As such,this balanced-mass double-ended tuning fork can be used to create a variety of different sensors including strain gauges,accelerometers,gyroscopes,and pressure transducers.Given the adaptable fabrication process flow,this device could be useful to micro-electro-mechanical systems(MEMS) designers creating sensors for a variety of different applications. | David R Myers Kan Bun Cheng Babak Jamshidi Robert G Azevedo Debbie G Senesky Li Chen Mehran Mehregany Muthu B J Wijesundara Albert P Pisano | 2012 | Engineering Sciences2012，10，5： | 6 |
| 16 | 迁移的雪旺细胞指导周围神经桥内的轴突再生显示文摘周围神经系统内的雪旺细胞具有强大的再生潜力。目前的研究表明,周围神经相关的雪旺细胞具有促进多种组织修复的能力,包括周围神经间隙桥接、皮肤伤口愈合、指尖修复以及牙齿再生。专门修复的雪旺细胞的关键特征之一是它们变得高度能动。它们不仅迁移到受损组织区域,成为组织再生的关键组成部分,还分泌信号分子来吸引巨噬细胞,支持神经元存活,促进轴突再生,激活局部间充质干细胞,并与其他细胞类型相互作用。目前,迁移性雪旺细胞在组织再生中的重要性在周围神经横断损伤的情况证据最为充分。神经横断后,来自近端和远端神经残端的雪旺氏细胞均迁移到神经桥中并形成雪旺细胞索以引导轴突再生。神经桥中雪旺细胞索的形成是横断损伤后周围神经成功修复的关键。本篇综述首先探讨了神经桥的形成以及神经桥中雪旺细胞迁移的行为,然后讨论迁移的雪旺细胞如何将再生轴突引导到远端神经中。我们还回顾了目前对可激活雪旺细胞迁移的信号以及雪旺细胞用于指导轴突再生的信号的理解。了解雪旺细胞迁移的分子机制可能为周围神经修复提供新的治疗策略。 | Qing Min David B Parkinson Xin-Peng Dun 杜一星(编译) | 2021 | 神经损伤与功能重建2021，16，9： | 5 |
| 17 | Effect of nitrogen fertilization on yield, N content, and nitrogen fixation of alfalfa and smooth bromegrass grown alone or in mixture in greenhouse pots显示文摘Planting grass and legume mixtures on improved grasslands has the potential advantage of realizing both higher yields and lower environmental pollution by optimizing the balance between applied N fertilizer and the natural process of legume biological nitrogen fixation. However, the optimal level of N fertilization for grass-legume mixtures, to obtain the highest yield, quality, and contribution of N2 fixation, varies with species. A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to study the temporal dynamics of N2 fixation of alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) grown alone and in mixture with smooth bromegrass(Bromus inermis Leyss.) in response to the addition of fertilizer N. Three levels of N(0, 75, and 150 kg ha–1) were examined using 15N-labeled urea to evaluate N2 fixation via the 15 N isotope dilution method. Treatments were designated N0(0.001 g per pot), N75(1.07 g per pot) and N150(2.14 g per pot). Alfalfa grown alone did not benefit from the addition of fertilizer N; dry matter was not significantly increased. In contrast, dry weight and N content of smooth bromegrass grown alone was increased significantly by N application. When grown as a mixture, smooth bromegrass biomass was increased significantly by N application, resulted in a decrease in alfalfa biomass. In addition, individual alfalfa plant dry weight(shoots+roots) was significantly lower in the mixture than when grown alone at all N levels. Smooth bromegrass shoot and root dry weight were significantly higher when grown with alfalfa than when grown alone, regardless of N application level. When grown alone, alfalfa's N2 fixation was reduced with N fertilization(R2=0.9376, P=0.0057). When grown in a mixture with smooth bromegrass, with 75 kg ha–1 of N fertilizer, the percentage of atmospheric N2 fixation contribution to total N in alfalfa(%Ndfa) had a maximum of 84.07 and 83.05% in the 2nd and 3rd harvests, respectively. Total 3-harvest %Ndfa was higher when alfalfa was grown in a mixture than when grown alone(shoots: |t|=3.39, P=0.0096; root: |t|=3.57, P=0.0073). We believe this was due to smooth bromegrass being better able to absorb available soil N(due to its fibrous root system), resulting inlower soil N availability and allowing alfalfa to develop an effective N2 fixing symbiosis prior to the 1st harvest. Once soil N levels were depleted, alfalfa was able to fix N2, resulting in the majority of its tissue N being derived from biological nitrogen fixation(BNF) in the 2nd and 3rd harvests. When grown in a mixture, with added N, alfalfa established an effective symbiosis earlier than when grown alone; in monoculture BNF did not contribute a significant portion of plant N in the N75 and N150 treatments, whereas in the mixture, BNF contributed 17.90 and 16.28% for these treatments respectively. Alfalfa has a higher BNF efficiency when grown in a mixture, initiating BNF earlier, and having higher N2 fixation due to less inhibition by soil-available N. For the greatest N-use-efficiency and sustainable production, grass-legume mixtures are recommended for improving grasslands, using a moderate amount of N fertilizer(75 kg N ha–1) to provide optimum benefits. | XIE Kai-yun LI Xiang-lin HE Feng ZHANG Ying-jun WAN Li-qiang David B Hannaway WANG Dong QIN Yan Gamal M A Fadul | 2015 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2015，14，9： | 5 |
| 18 | Review of screening for pancreatic cancer in high risk individuals显示文摘Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose at an early stage and is associated with a very poor survival.Ten percent of pancreatic cancers result from genetic susceptibility and/or familial aggregation.Individuals from families with multiple affected first-degree relatives and those with a known cancer-causing genetic mutation have been shown to be at much higher risk of developing pancreatic cancer.Recent efforts have focused on detecting disease at an earlier stage to improve survival in these high-risk groups.This article reviews high-risk groups,screening methods,and current screening programs and their results. | Alina Stoita Ian D Penman David B Williams | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，19： | 4 |
| 19 | Participation of CD45,NKR-P1A and ANK61 antigen in rat hepatic NK cell(pit cell)-mediated target cell cytotoxicity显示文摘AIM Several triggering receptors have beendescribed to be involved in natural killer(NK)cell-mediated target cytotoxicity.In these studies,NKcells derived from blood or spleen were used.Pitcells are liver-specific NK cells that possess ahigher level of natural cytotoxicity and a differentmorphology when compared to blood NK cells.The aim of this study was to characterize the roleof the NK-triggering molecules NKR-P1A,ANK61antigen,and CD45 in pit cell-mediated killing oftarget cells.METHODS 51Cr-release and DNA fragmentationwere used to quantify target cell lysis andapoptosis,respectively.RESULTS Flow cytometric analysis showed thatpit cells expressed CD45,NKR-P1A,and ANK61antigen.Treatment of pit cells with monoclonalantibody(mAb)to CD45(ANK74)not onlyinhibited CC531s or YAC-1 target lysis but alsoapoptosis induced by pit cells.The mAbs to NKR-P1A(3.2.3)and ANK61 antigen(ANK61)had no effect on pit cell-mediated CC531s or YAC-1 targetcytolysis or apoptosis,while they did increase theFcγ receptor positive(FcγR+)P815 cytolysis andapoptosis.This enhanced cytotoxicity could beinhibited by 3,4-dichloroisocoumarin,an inhibitorof granzymes.CONCLUSION These results indicate that CD45participates in pit cell-mediated CC531s and YAC-1target cytolysis and apoptosis.NKR-P1A andANK61 antigen on pit cells function as activationstructures against FcγR+ P815 cells,which wasmediated by the perforin/granzyme pathway. | David Vermiilen Bülent Ahishali Vasilis Triantis Karin Vanderkerken Peter J. K.Kuppen Eddie Wisse | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，4： | 4 |
| 20 | 黑曲霉菌为宿主菌的重组表达性质粒的构建显示文摘目的 建立以pyrG基因为选择标志 ,以黑曲霉菌为宿主菌的蛋白质表达系统。 方法 以PCR扩增获得的黑曲霉菌 pyrG基因的部分序列片段为探针作两次噬菌斑原位杂交 ,从黑曲霉菌ATCC 12 0 49基因文库中克隆获得长度为 9.8kb的DNA片段 ,将其中含 pyrG基因的 2 .3kb片段亚克隆至表达性载体PIGF中 ,获得重组质粒。对克隆基因进行了全基因测定和分析。以黑曲霉菌ATCC 12 0 49的 pyrG缺陷株M 5 4为受体菌 ,用聚乙二醇 /氯化钙方法作基因转化实验 ,将重组质粒导入该受体菌并在其中表达。结果 从黑曲霉菌ATCC 12 0 49基因文库中克隆获得了pyrG基因 ,构建了含该基因的重组表达性载体 pYG1.2。序列分析表明该基因与黑曲霉菌L112的 pyrG基因编码序列的同源性为 93 .9% ,两者经推导的氨基酸的同源性为 98.9%。重组质粒 pYG1.2可使黑曲霉菌ATCC 12 0 49的 pyrG缺陷株M5 4发生基因转化 ,成为Pyr+ 。结论 在克隆了 pyrG基因的基础上成功构建了以 pyrG基因为选择标志 。 | 刘钟滨 David J Jeenes David B Archer | 2001 | 同济大学学报(医学版)2001，22，3： | 4 |
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