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| 1 | Isotopic evidence of TSR origin for natural gas bearing high H_2S contents within the Feixianguan Formation of the northeastern Sichuan Basin, southwestern China显示文摘The northeastern area of Sichuan Basin, southwestern China, is the area with the maximal reserve of natural gas containing higher hydrogen sulphide (H2S) that has been found among the petroliferous basins of China, with the proven and controlled gas reserve of more than 200 billion cubic meters. These gas pools, with higher H2S contents averaging 9%, some 17%, are mainly distributed on structural belts of Dukouhe, Tieshanpo, Luojiazhai, Puguang, etc., while the oolitic-shoal dolomite of the Triassic Feixianguan Fm. (T1f) is the reservoir. Although many scholars regard the plentiful accumulation of H2S within the deep carbonate reservoir as the re-sult of Thermochemical Sulfate Reduction (TSR), however, the process of TSR as well as its residual geological and geochemical evidence is still not quite clear. Based on the carbon iso-topic analysis of carbonate strata and secondary calcite, etc., together with the analysis of sulfur isotopes within H2S, sulphur, gypsum, iron pyrites, etc., as well as other aspects including the natural gas composition, carbon isotopes of hydrocarbons reservoir petrology, etc., it has been proved that the above natural gas is a product of TSR. The H2S, sulphur and calcite result from the participation of TSR reactions by hydrocarbon gas. During the process for hydrocarbons be-ing consumed due to TSR, the carbons within the hydrocarbon gas participate in the reactions and finally are transferred into the secondary calcite, and become the carbon source of secon-dary calcite, consequently causing the carbon isotopes of the secondary calcite to be lower (?18.2‰). As for both the intermediate product of TSR, i.e. sulfur, and its final products, i.e. H2S and iron pyrites, their sulfur elements are all sourced from the sulfate within the Feixianguan Fm. During the fractional processes of sulfur isotopes, the bond energy leads to the 32S being re-leased firstly, and the earlier it is released, the lower δ 34S values for the generated sulphide (H2S) or sulfur will be. However, for the anhydrite that participates in reactions, the higher the reaction degree, the more 32S is released, while the less 32S remains and the more δ 34S is increased. The testing results have proved the process of the dynamic fractionation of sulfur isotopes. | ZHU Guangyou ZHANG Shuichang LIANG Yingbo DAI Jinxing LI Jian | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，11： | 58 |
| 2 | Origins of High H_2S-bearing Natural Gas in China显示文摘Natural gas containing hydrogen sulphide (H2S) has been found in several petroliferous basins in China, such as the Sichuan Basin, Bohai Bay Basin, Ordos Basin, Tarim Basin, etc. Natural gas with higher H2S contents (H2S >5 % mol.) is mostly distributed in both the gas reservoirs of Dukouhe, Luojiazhai, Puguang and Tieshanpo, which belong to the Triassic Feixianguan Formation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin and those of the Kongdian-Shahejie formations in the northeastern Jinxian Sag of the Jizhong Depression, Bohai Bay Basin. In the Sichuan Basin, the H2S contents of natural gas average over 9% and some can be 17 %, while those of the Bohai Bay Basin range from 40 % to 92 %, being then one of the gas reservoirs with the highest H2S contents in the world. Based on detailed observation and sample analysis results of a total 5000 m of core from over 70 wells in the above-mentioned two basins, especially sulfur isotopic analysis of gypsum, brimstone, pyrite and natural gas, also with integrated study of the geochemical characteristics of hydrocarbons, it is thought that the natural gas with high H2S contents resulted from thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) reactions. Among them, the natural gas in the Feixianguan Formation resulted from TSR reactions participated by hydrocarbon gas, while that in the Zhaolanzhuang of the Jinxian Sag being the product of TSR participated by crude oil. During the consumption process of hydrocarbons due to TSR, the heavy hydrocarbons were apt to react with sulfate, which accordingly resulted in the dry coefficient of natural gas increasing and the carbon isotopes becoming heavier. | ZHU Guangyou ZHANG Shuichang LIANG Yingbo DAI Jinxing LI Jian | 2005 | Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition)2005，79，5： | 36 |
| 3 | Hydrogen isotope composition of natural gases from the Tarim Basin and its indication of depositional environments of the source rocks显示文摘By measuring carbon and hydrogen isotope compositions for C1, C2 and C3 of 74 gas samples, natural gases from the Tarim Basin can be divided into six groups on the basis of their origins: (1) coal-type gas derived from coal measures; (2) coal-type gas generated from the T-J lacustrine mudstones; (3) oil-type gas derived from the Cambrian and low Ordovician marine source rocks; (4) oil-type gas from the source rocks deposited in the marine-transitional facies; (5) mixing gas between gas derived from the Carboniferous transitional source rocks and the Mesozoic humic gas, and (6) mixing gases of thermal genetic gas and little deep gas in the Southwest depression of the Tarim Basin. The δ D values of methane in natural gases originating from different type kerogens are affected by both palaeo-environments of the source rock formation (kerogen types) and thermal maturity, with sedimentary environment (kerogen type) as the main controlling factor. Under the similar thermal maturity, the hydrogen isotope composition of methane is more enriched in deuterium in marine environments than lacustrine one. With the increase of thermal maturity and the increase of carbon atomic numbers of gaseous alkanes, the hydrogen isotopes become enriched in deuterium. The δ D values of ethane and propane (δ D2, δ D3) are controlled mainly by thermal maturity and to a lesser degree by sedimentary environment of the source rock formation. The partial reversal of hydrogen isotopes for gaseous alkanes would be related to the microbial oxidation, mixing of sapropelic and humic gases and / or mixing of gases from similar kerogen sources with various thermal maturities. In the oil-type gas, the sulfate reduction reaction would result in the reversed order of δ D1 and δ D2 (e.g. δ D1>δ D2). | LIU QuanYou DAI JinXing LI Jian ZHOU QingHua | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，2： | 28 |
| 4 | Discrimination of abiogenic and biogenic alkane gases显示文摘We have combined the analytical data of the carbon isotope distribution pattern, R/Ra and CH4/3He values of abiogenic and biogenic (referring to the thermogenic and bacterial or microbial) alkane gases in China with those of alkane gases from USA, Russia, Germany, Australia and other countries. Four discrimination criteria are derived from this comparative study: 1) Carbon isotopic composition is generally greater than -30‰ for abiogenic methane and less than -30‰ for biogenic methane; 2) Abiogenic alkane gases have a carbon isotopic reversal trend (δ 13C1> δ 13C2> δ 13C3> δ 13C4) with δ 13C1>-30‰ in general; 3) Gases with R/Ra >0.5 and δ 13C11 δ 13C2>0 are of abiogenic origin; 4) Gases (meth- ane) with CH4/3He≤106 are of abiogenic origin, whereas gases with CH4/3He≥1011 are of biogenic origin. | DAI JinXing ZOU CaiNeng ZHANG ShuiChang LI Jian NI YunYan HU GuoYi LUO Xia TAO ShiZhen ZHU GuangYou MI JingKui LI ZhiSheng HU AnPing YANG Chun ZHOU QingHua SHUAI YanHua ZHANG Ying MA ChengHua | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，12： | 17 |
| 5 | Stable carbon and hydrogen isotopes of gases from the large tight gas fields in China显示文摘By the end of the year 2010,a total of 15 large tight gas fields have been found in China,located in the Ordos,Sichuan,and Tarim basins.The annual production and total reserves of these fields in 2010 were 222.5×108and 28657×108m3,respectively,accounting for 23.5%and 37.3%,respectively,of the total annual production and reserves of natural gases in China.They took a major part of all natural gas production and reserves in China.According to the analyses of 81 gas samples,the stable carbon and hydrogen isotopic compositions of tight gases in China have following characteristics:(1)Plots of 13C1-13C2-13C3,13C1-C1/C2+3and 13C1-13C2demonstrate the coal-derived origin of tight gases in China;(2)For the primary alkane gases,both carbon and hydrogen isotopic values increase with increasing molecular mass,i.e.,13C1<13C2<13C3<13C4and2H1<2H2<2H3;(3)The isotopic differences of 13C2-13C1,13C3-13C1,2H2-2H1and 2H3-2H1decrease with increasing Ro(%)and C1/C1–4;(4)There are seven causes for the carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversal,however,the carbon and hydrogen isotopic reversal of tight gases in China is caused mainly by multiple stages of gas charge and accumulation. | DAI JinXing NI YunYan HU GuoYi HUANG ShiPeng LIAO FengRong YU Cong GONG DeYu WU Wei | 2014 | Science China Earth Sciences2014，57，1： | 17 |
| 6 | Geochemical characteristics of natural gas from mud volcanoes in the southern Junggar Basin显示文摘A number of mud volcanoes exist in the southern Junggar Basin. To date few systematic studies on natural gas geochemistry of mud volcanoes have been conducted in China. In June 1991 and August 2010, the authors investigated the mud volcanoes in the southern Junggar Basin twice, and the mud volcanism weakened gradually as seen from the variations such as the decrease of gas pressure and output, the downthrow and dry up of the mud pool. The volcanic intensity was significantly weaker than that in Taiwan. The natural gas from the mud volcanoes in the southern Junggar Basin has similar geochemical characteristics, indicating the same source or origin. The main component of the mud volcano gas is alkane gas with contents of 91.15%-97.49%, and the gas is high-quality commercial gas since methane dominates in the alkane. The 13C1 values are 49.1‰--40.6‰, which are in accordance with the peak 13C1 frequency of mud volcano gas around the world, and the alkane gas displays positive carbon isotopic series, i.e., 13C1< 13C2< 13C3, suggesting typical thermogenic origin. The helium in the mud volcano gas is typically crust-derived due to the low R/Ra values of 0.011-0.054. The mud volcano gas is coal-derived since the 13C2 values are all greater than 28‰, and C1/C1-4 and 13C1 values are in accordance with those of natural gas derived from the Lower-Middle Jurassic coal-measures. Therefore, alkane gas from mud volcanoes in the southern Junggar Basin is mainly sourced from the Lower-Middle Jurassic coal-measures. | DAI JinXing WU XiaoQi NI YunYan WANG ZeCheng ZHAO ChangYi WANG ZhaoYun LIU GuiXia | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，3： | 13 |
| 7 | High density methane inclusions in Puguang Gasfield:Discovery and a T-P genetic study显示文摘Based on measurement of homogenization temperature of inclusions and Raman spectral analysis, high density methane inclusions were discovered in the Triassic reservoirs of Puguang Gasfield. The methane inclusions show a homogenization temperature Th = -117.5― -118.1℃, a corresponding density of 0.3455―0.3477 g/cm3, and a Raman scatter peak v1 shift varying between 2911―2910 cm-1, which signifies a very high density of methane inclusions. The salt water inclusions paragenetic with methane inclusions show a homogenization temperature Th=170―180℃. Based on the composition of methane inclusions as determined by Raman spectra, PVTsim software was used to simulate the trapping pressure for high density methane inclusions in geologic history, and the trapping pressure was found to be as high as 153―160 MPa. Even though Puguang Gasfield is currently a gas pool of normal pressure, and the fluid pressure for the gas pool ranges between 56―65 MPa. However, data from this study indicates that remarkable overpressure may be generated at the stage of mass production of gas cracked from oils in Cretaceous, as high density methane inclusions constitute key evidence for overpressure in gas pool in geologic history. Meanwhile, discovery of small amounts of H2S, CO2 or heavy hydrocarbon in part of the high density methane inclusions indicates that the geochemical environment for trapping of inclusions may be related to formation of H2S. Therefore, the observation results can help to explore the thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR) conditions for oil cracking and H2S formation. | LIU Delian DAI JinXing XIAO XianMing TIAN Hui YANG Chun HU AnPing MI JingKui SONG ZhiGuang | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，24： | 8 |
| 8 | Helium isotopic compositions in fluid inclusions of the Gangxi fault belt in the Huanghua Depression, Bohai Bay Basin显示文摘The authors obtained 30 core samples from 15 wells in Gangxi fault belt, Huanghua Depression. Using a VG5400 mass spectrometer, the helium isotopic compositions in fluid inclusion of these samples were analysed. Interpreta- tion of results suggests a significant amount of man- tle-derived helium in the inclusions, which were likely trapped during Neocene. Mantle-derived helium have mostly accumulated in the intersections of the NWW trending Xuz- huangzi and NE trending Gangxi faults, and decreased away from the intersections. This pattern implied a close relation- ship to the local tectonic setting. Gangxi fault belt experi- enced intensive neo-tectonic activities in the Cenozoic. Widespread faulted-depressions and strong volcanic erup- tions manifested its tectonic status of extensional stress field. Mantle uplift caused the movement of magma that carried mantle-derived gas, and the deep-rooted tension faults pro- vided the passages for the gases to shallow crust levels. High-content abiogenic CO2 pools occurred in the study area, hence, using the helium isotopic compositions is of great sig- nificance to the exploration of abiogenic natural gases. | DING Weiwei DAI Jinxing YANG Chiyin TAO Shizhen HOU LU | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，22： | 4 |
| 9 | An initial discussion on major controlling factors on formation of coal-formed large-medium sas fields显示文摘The so-called 'large-medium gas field' means a gas field with proven reserves equal to or larger than 100×108 m3. Up to 1997, 23 coal-formed great-medium fields are discovered in China, excluding two in Taiwan Province. Their proven reserves take 50.9% in total natural gas reserves. Therefore, the coal-formed great-medium gas field plays a decisive role in natural gas reserves and the study of their controlling factors is very important both in theory and in practice. There are six major controlling factors on the formation of coal-formed large-medium gas fields: ( Ⅰ) The generating center of coal-formed gas and its surrounding area; (Ⅱ) low potential area; (Ⅲ) late pool-forming period; (Ⅳ) traps related to the paleo-uplifits in coal-formed gas area; (Ⅴ) above or between abnormally pressured compartments; (Ⅵ) faulted traps related to coal-bed. | DAI Jinxing, XIA Xinyu, HONG Feng, ZHAO Lin, SUN Dongmin & SHI XinResearch Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development, Beijing 100083, China Correspondence should be addressed to Dai Jinxing | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，5： | 4 |
| 10 | Primary migration and secondary alteration of the Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir in Ordos Basin,China―Application of fluid inclusion gases显示文摘The composition of fluid inclusions(FI)often represents the initial geochemical characteristics of palaeo-fluid in reservoir rock.Influence on composition and carbon isotopic composition of gas during primary migration,reservoir-forming and subsequent secondary alterations are discussed through comparing fluid inclusion gas with coal-formed gas and natural gas in present gas reservoirs in the Ordos Basin.The results show that primary migration of gas has significant effect on the molecular but not on the carbon isotopic composition of methane.Migration and diffusion fractionation took place during the secondary migration of gas in Upper Paleozoic gas reservoir according to carbon isotopic composition of methane in FIs.Composition and carbon isotopic composition of natural gas were nearly unchanged after the gas reservoir forming through comparing the FI gases with the natural gas in present gas reservoir. | GONG Se 1,2 ,PENG PingAn 1 ,SHUAI YanHua 3 ,DAI JinXing 3 &ZHANG WenZheng 4 1 Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry,the Chinese Academy of Sciences,Guangzhou 510640,China 2 Common Wealth Scientific and Research Organization,Petroleum Resources,PO Box 136,North Ryde,New South Wales,1670,Australia 3 Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development,PetroChina,Beijing 100083,China 4 Research Institute of Exploration and Development,Changqing Petroleum Corporation,Xi’an 710021,China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，S1： | 3 |
| 11 | Origin and source of CO_2 in natural gas from the eastern Sichuan Basin显示文摘The CO2 contents of natural gas from the eastern Sichuan Basin were mainly less than 2%,and they were generally large when the H2S contents were over 5%.The natural gas in the eastern Sichuan Basin showed high δ13C1 values uncorrelated with H2S contents,and the oil-associated gas generally displayed carbon isotopic reversal between methane and ethane,whereas the coal-derived gas samples displayed positive series.The δ13C values of CO2 in the natural gas could be divided into two types,one with low values(-24‰--12‰)and the other with high values(-8‰-4‰).The natural gas had low R/Ra values and broad CO2/3He values distinct from the mantle-derived gas,and the CO2 was typical of crustal origin.Natural gas with high δ13CCO2 values is distributed in the north region of the eastern Sichuan Basin,and CO2 in H2S-poor and H2S-free reservoirs was mainly derived from the thermal decomposition of carbonate rocks under Permian magmatism and high heat flow,whereas CO2 in the gas reservoirs with high TSR extent was derived mainly from the dedolomitization of carbonate reservoirs under acidic formation water,and the CO2 of TSR origin generally entered into the secondary calcite.The CO2 in natural gas in the south-central region of the eastern Sichuan Basin,which had been rarely affected by the Emeishan mantle plume,displayed low δ13C values and was of organic origin.Though the natural gas in Wolonghe gas field had experienced TSR,the low reaction extent and weak acidity of formation water could hardly have resulted in the dedolomitization,and therefore CO2 in the natural gas was mainly of TSR origin with low δ13C values. | WU XiaoQi DAI JinXing LIAO FengRong HUANG ShiPeng | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，8： | 3 |
| 12 | The Brassica napus GATA transcription factor BnA5.ZML1 is a stigma compatibility factor显示文摘Self-incompatibility(SI)is a genetic mechanism that rejects self-pollen and thus prevents inbreeding in some hermaphroditic angiosperms.In the Brassicaceae,SI involves a pollen-stigma recognition system controlled by a single locus known as the S locus,which consists of two highly polymorphic genes that encode S-locus cysteine-rich protein(SCR)and S-receptor kinase(SRK).When self-pollen lands on the stigma,the S-haplotype-specific interaction between SCR and SRK triggers SI.Here,we show that the GATA transcription factor BnA5.ZML1 suppresses SI responses in Brassica napus and is induced after compatible pollination.The loss-of-function mutant bna5.zml1 displays reduced self-compatibility.In contrast,overexpression of BnA5.ZML1 in self-incompatible stigmas leads to a partial breakdown of SI responses,suggesting that BnA5.ZML1 is a stigmatic compatibility factor.Furthermore,the expression levels of SRK and ARC1 are up-regulated in bna5.zml1 mutants,and they are down-regulated in BnA5.ZML1 overexpressing lines.SRK affects the cellular localization of BnA5.ZML1 through direct protein–protein interaction.Overall,our findings highlight the fundamental role of BnA5.ZML1 in SI responses in B.napus,establishing a direct interaction between BnA5.ZML1 and SRK in this process. | Zhiqiang Duan Yatao Zhang Jinxing Tu Jinxiong Shen Bin Yi Tingdong Fu Cheng Dai Chaozhi Ma | 2020 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2020，62，8： | 2 |
| 13 | Experimental study and evaluation on hydrocarbon generation of macerals显示文摘Some typical coal and maceral samples are selected for oil and gas-generatingsystematic thermal simulation experiments, Rock-Eval, GC and GC-MS analyses. Results cause productivity curves of extracts and gaseous, light, liquid as well as total hydrocarbon. Effects of macerals and maturation on hydrocarbon productivities and compositions are synthetically discussed. Evaluation indexes and plan on coal-generated oil and gas in bituminous coal rank are suggested according to the data from experiments and analyses. | LIU Dehan ZHANG Huizhi DAI Jinxing SHENG Guoying XIAO Xianming SUN Yongge SENG Jiagui | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，14： | 2 |
| 14 | Geochemistry and origin of sour gas accumulations in the northeastern Sichuan Basin, SW China 显示文摘 | Li Jian Xie Zengye Dai Jinxing Zhang Shuichang Zhu Guangyou Liu Zhaolu | 2005 | Org Geochem2005，36，12： | 1 |
| 15 | Origins of partially reserved alkane δ^13C values for biogenic gases in China显示文摘 | Dai Jinxing Xia Xinyu Qin Shengfei | 2004 | Organic Geochemistry2004，35，4： | 1 |
| 16 | Geochemistry and origin of sour gas accumulation in the northeastern Sichuan Basin,SW China显示文摘 | Li Jian Xie Zengye Dai Jinxing | 2005 | Organic Geochemistry2005，36，12： | 1 |
| 17 | Stable car- bon and hydrogen isotopes of natural gases sourced from the Xujiahe Formation in the Sichuan Basin, China显示文摘 | DAI Jinxing NI Yunyan ZOU Caineng | 2012 | Organic Geochemistry2012，43，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Identification and distinction of various alkane gases显示文摘 | Dai Jinxing | 1992 | Science in China: Series B1992，35，10： | 1 |
| 19 | Identification and distinction of various alkane gases显示文摘 | Dai Jinxing | 1992 | Science in China:Series B1992，35，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Stable carbon isotopes of alkane gases from the Xujiahe coal measures and implication for gas-source correlation in the Sichuan Basin, SW China显示文摘 | Dai Jinxing Ni Yunyan Zou Caineng Tao Shizhen Hu Guoyi Hu Anping | 2009 | Organic Geochemistry2009，40，5： | 1 |
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