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| 1 | Clinical outcomes following salvage Gamma Knife radiosurgery for recurrent glioblastoma显示文摘Glioblastoma multiforme(GBM) is the most common malignant primary brain tumor with a survival prognosis of 14-16 mo for the highest functioning patients. Despite aggressive, multimodal upfront therapies, the majority of GBMs will recur in approximately six months. Salvage therapy options for recurrent GBM(r GBM) are an area of intense research. This study compares recent survival and quality of life outcomes following Gamma Knife radiosurgery(GKRS) salvage therapy. Following a Pub Med search for studies usingGKRS as salvage therapy for malignant gliomas, nine articles from 2005 to July 2013 were identified which evaluated rG BM treatment. In this review, we compare overall survival following diagnosis, overall survival following salvage treatment, progression-free survival, time to recurrence, local tumor control, and adverse radiation effects. This report discusses results for rG BM patient populations alone, not for mixed populations with other tumor histology grades. All nine studies reported median overall survival rates(from diagnosis, range:16.7-33.2 mo; from salvage, range:9-17.9 mo). Three studies identified median progression-free survival(range:4.6-14.9 mo). Two showed median time to recurrence of GBM. Two discussed local tumor control. Six studies reported adverse radiation effects(range:0%-46% of patients). The greatest survival advantages were seen in patients who received GKRS salvage along with other treatments, like resection or bevacizumab, suggesting that appropriately tailored multimodal therapy should be considered with each rG BM patient. However, there needs to be a randomized clinical trial to test GKRS for rG BM before the possibility of selection bias can be dismissed. | Erik W Larson Halloran E Peterson Wayne T Lamoreaux Alexander R MacKay Robert K Fairbanks Jason A Call Jonathan D Carlson Benjamin C Ling John J Demakas Barton S Cooke Christopher M Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，2： | 5 |
| 2 | 高羊茅干草部分替代玉米和紫花苜蓿青贮饲料对奶牛消化、泌乳性能的影响显示文摘试验旨在研究高羊茅干草替代玉米或紫花苜蓿青贮对奶牛中性洗涤纤维(NDF)消化率、泌乳性能的影响。选取初产哺乳荷斯坦奶牛(产奶75±35 d)24头,经产荷斯坦奶牛(产奶68±19 d)40头,随机分成4组,共设置32个进料闸门,记录采食量。每组8个进料阀门,以1头牛为1个试验单位,每头牛试验过程中可接触8个进料闸门。试验用高羊茅干草(TF)取代玉米青贮饲料(CS)或紫花苜蓿青贮饲料(AS),试验设计为:33%AS和67%CS(空白组)、60%TF和40%AS(试验1组)、60%TF和40%CS(试验2组)、33%TF和67%CS(试验3组)。试验进行7周,前2周进行预饲。试验结果表明,各组间牛奶产量无显著差异,平均值为40.4 kg·d^(-1)。各组间牛奶中脂肪含量和浓度、蛋白质含量和浓度均无显著差异,平均值为1.58 kg·d^(-1)和3.94%、1.28 kg·d^(-1)和3.15%。与试验1组(22.1 kg·d^(-1))、试验3组(22.7 kg·d^(-1))相比,空白组的干物质摄入量最高,为24.5kg·d^(-1)。各组间总的干物质消化率无显著差异,平均值为66.2%。与试验2组(44.4%)、试验3组(45.3%)相比,空白组的NDF消化率较低,为37.8%,与试验1组(42.4%)相近。各组间奶牛体内NDF消化率(42.3%)与预估的NDF消化率(42.6%)相近。试验结果表明,饲喂高羊茅干草可提高饲料中NDF消化率,部分替代玉米和紫花苜蓿时对产奶量无显著影响,在市场价格较低时,可作为经济实用的奶牛饲料。 | Bender R W Lopes F Cook D E Combs D K | 2016 | 饲料博览2016，0，8： | 2 |
| 3 | Assessment of local influence显示文摘 | COOK R D | 1986 | J R Statist Soc Ser B1986，48，： | 2 |
| 4 | Short term evaluation of carbon coated and uncoated porous titanium implants clin显示文摘 | COOK S D HADDAD R J | 1989 | Clin Mater1989，4，： | 1 |
| 5 | Fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, and platelet derived growth factor-BB stimulate proliferation of clonally derived porcine myogenic satellite cells显示文摘 | Doumit M E Cook D R Merkel R A | 1993 | J Cell Physiol1993，157，： | 1 |
| 6 | Diurnal variations in hydraulic conductivity and root pressure can be correlated with the expression of putative aquaporlns in the roots of Lotus japonicus显示文摘 | HENZLER T WATERHOUSE R N SMYTH A J CARVAJAL M COOKE D T SCHAFFNER A R STEUDLE E CLARKSOND T | 1999 | Planta1999，210，： | 1 |
| 7 | Multiple organ dysfunction:baseline and serial component scores显示文摘 | Cook R Cook D Tilley J | 2001 | Crit Care Med2001，29，： | 1 |
| 8 | An official ATS statement:grading the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations in ATS guidelines and recommendations 显示文摘 | Schfinemann H J Jaeschke R Cook D J | 2006 | Am J Respir Crit Care Med2006，174，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Grades of Recommendation for Antithrombotic Agents显示文摘 | Guyatt GH Cook D J Jaeschke R | 2008 | Chest2008，133，： | 1 |
| 10 | Systematic reviews: synthesis of best evidence for clinical decisions 显示文摘 | COOK D J MULROW C D HAYNES R B | 1997 | Aim Intern Med1997，126，5： | 1 |
| 11 | The effects of active immunication against GnRh on testicular development, feedlot performance and carcass characteristics of beef bulls显示文摘 | COOK R B POPP J D | 2000 | J Animal Science2000，78，11： | 1 |
| 12 | A recombinant fowlpox virus that expresses the VP2 antigen of infectious bursal disease virus induces protection against mortality caused by the virus显示文摘 | BAYLISS C D PETERS R W COOK J K A | 1991 | Arch Virol1991，120，： | 1 |
| 13 | Diagnostics for heteroscedasticity in regresion显示文摘 | Cook R D Weisberg S | 1982 | Biometrika1982，70，： | 1 |
| 14 | Incidence of and risk factors for ventilator-associated pneumonia in critically ill patients显示文摘 | Cook D J Walter S D Cook R J | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 15 | An official ATS state- ment: grading the quality of evidence and strength of recommenda- tions in ATS guidelines and recommendations显示文摘 | Sehttnemann HI Jaesehke R Cook D J | 2006 | Am J Res~ir Crit i Care Mad2006，174，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Vegetative pro- duction of kenaf and canola under irrigation in central Califor- nia显示文摘 | BANUELOS G S BRYLA D R COOK C G | 2002 | Industrial Crops and Products2002，15，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Lipid modulation of Plasina mem- branebound ATPase 显示文摘 | Cooke D J Burden R S | 1990 | Plant Physiology1990，78，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Observation on pathotypes of cereal cyst nematode(Heterodera avenae) in China显示文摘 | Peng D L Cook R | 1996 | AfroAsian Journal of Nematology1996，4，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Nuclear Level Densities in Intermediate and Heavy Nuclei显示文摘 | COOK J L FERGUSON H MUSGROVE A R D | 1967 | Australian Journal of Physics1967，20，： | 1 |
| 20 | Characteristics and genesis of epithermal gold deposits 显示文摘 | Cooke D R Simmons S F | 2000 | Reviews in Economic Geology2000，13，2： | 1 |
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