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| 1 | 叶绿体基因组研究进展显示文摘作为植物细胞器的重要组成部分和光合作用的器官,叶绿体在生物进化的漫长历史中发挥了重要作用.伴随着生物技术的深入发展,人们发现叶绿体基因组结构和序列的信息在揭示物种起源、进化演变及其不同物种之间的亲缘关系等方面具有重要价值.与此同时,比核转化具有明显优势的叶绿体转化技术在遗传改良、生物制剂的生产等方面显示出巨大潜力,而叶绿体基因组结构和序列分析则是叶绿体转化的基石.基于叶绿体的这些重要作用,收集整理了有关的资料,从几个方面归纳了本领域最近的研究进展,希望能使读者对迅速发展的叶绿体基因组研究有更全面的了解,以及对叶绿体基因组在物种的进化、遗传、系统发育关系等方面的作用有更深刻的认识,同时也希望对叶绿体转化技术的研究和广泛应用产生积极作用. | 邢少辰 CLARKE JIHONG LIU | 2008 | 生物化学与生物物理进展2008，35，1： | 51 |
| 2 | 土体与时间相关的一维应力—应变性状,弹粘塑性模型和固结分析显示文摘 | 殷建华 Clark,JI | 1994 | 岩土力学1994，15，3： | 43 |
| 3 | 循证医学学科知识可视化研究之一:循证医学研究主题图谱显示文摘目的采用可视化方法系统、全面、直观地揭示和比较中外循证医学领域近年来的主要研究主题、学科结构和发展趋势。方法以MEDLINE和CNKI数据库中循证医学相关文献的MeSH词和关键词为研究对象,用共词分析法、PFNET算法和可视化技术绘制国内外循证医学主题图、研究领域关系图和循证医学战略坐标图。结果国内外循证医学都处于大发展期,国外有关'Humans'的研究占94.41%,而'Animals'仅占2.57%,其中75.2%是灵长类。6个高频国别主题词和发表论文最多的前108种期刊所在国都是发达国家。国内31个省、直辖市、自治区都有论文发表,但发文量居前的省份和机构大多都处发达地区。共词分析结果显示国外循证医学研究主要集中在7个领域,依次为erapy、Methods、Standards、Research、Education、Nursing、Organization & Administration;国内7个领域则依次为治疗、护理、中医药、研究、教育、管理、信息资源,且各领域间相互联系。我国独有的特色领域是中医药和信息资源,但在方法和标准方面则大大落后于国外。结论循证医学发展最好的国家、地区和机构大都集中在经济发达地区。优势地区和机构主要应承担证据生产和方法学研究,而最迫切需要学习和使用证据的欠发达地区和机构,当务之急是学习和普及循证医学理念和证据。国内循证医学文献量、高频词和词频阈值分别为国外的28.9%、66.7%和5%,不排除样本量少带来的偏倚,国内结果仅供参考。 | 沈建通 姚乐野 李幼平 Mike Clarke 甘奇 樊怡 李一飞 芶永超 钟大可 王莉 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，6： | 44 |
| 4 | 青海拉鸡山:一个多阶段抬升的构造窗显示文摘拉鸡山断裂带位于祁连山褶皱带内 ,呈北西 -南东向延伸。后者构成青藏高原的东北边缘 ,由三个主要构造单元组成 :北部是一条早古生代的板块缝合带 ,中部是一个元古代的结晶地块 ,南部由一套晚古生代到三叠纪的被动大陆边缘沉积物组成。对拉鸡山及其邻区的构造研究结果表明 ,祁连山褶皱带在古生代加里东期发生过大规模的缩短 ,北祁连的早古生代蛇绿岩和岛弧火山岩沿祁连山中央冲断层向南 ,陆内俯冲到中祁连元古界变质杂岩之下。由于发生在晚古生代和晚中生代的陆内变形 ,位于中祁连之下的北祁连的蛇绿岩和岛弧火山岩发生褶皱 ,并被抬升到地表。到新生代 ,由于印度板块和欧亚大陆之间的碰撞和陆内汇聚作用 ,拉鸡山断裂带再次活动 ,这些下古生界蛇绿岩和岛弧火山岩通过冲断作用快速抬升 ,将中祁连地块一分为二。因此 ,拉鸡山是一个抬升的构造窗 。 | 王二七 张旗 Clark B.Burchfiel | 2000 | 地质科学2000，35，4： | 37 |
| 5 | 得与失:苦苣苔科新的属级界定与分类系统——中国该科植物之变迁(英文)显示文摘过去20年对苦苣苔科植物的分子系统学研究已经极大地拓展了对这个科的种间关系与属一级之界定的理解。该文提供了一个苦苣苔科植物新分类系统,与传统的经典形态学分类系统比较,这一新系统被认为能更好地反映科下分类单元彼此之间的自然关系。众多传统意义上的属被分割、合并或者重新定义,这些巨大的分类变动正在影响着中国的苦苣苔科植物系统分类。此外,基于最近采集的材料,一些新属得以建立,一方面说明在中国还有相当多的野外工作需要做;而另一方面则再次证明了中国的苦苣苔科植物多样性是如此之丰富。在此,针对目前已经完成的工作和分类结论,对中国苦苣苔科植物的新分类系统进行了总结与概述,并深入地讨论了部分传统分类学上存在困惑的疑难属。 | MOLLER Michael 韦毅刚 温放 CLARK John L. WEBER Anton | 2016 | 广西植物2016，36，1： | 35 |
| 6 | 3D bioactive composite scaffolds for bone tissue engineering显示文摘Bone is the second most commonly transplanted tissue worldwide,with over four million operations using bone grafts or bone substitute materials annually to treat bone defects.However,significant limitations affect current treatment options and clinical demand for bone grafts continues to rise due to conditions such as trauma,cancer,infection and arthritis.Developing bioactive three-dimensional(3D)scaffolds to support bone regeneration has therefore become a key area of focus within bone tissue engineering(BTE).A variety of materials and manufacturing methods including 3D printing have been used to create novel alternatives to traditional bone grafts.However,individual groups of materials including polymers,ceramics and hydrogels have been unable to fully replicate the properties of bone when used alone.Favourable material properties can be combined and bioactivity improved when groups of materials are used together in composite 3D scaffolds.This review will therefore consider the ideal properties of bioactive composite 3D scaffolds and examine recent use of polymers,hydrogels,metals,ceramics and bio-glasses in BTE.Scaffold fabrication methodology,mechanical performance,biocompatibility,bioactivity,and potential clinical translations will be discussed. | Gareth Turnbull Jon Clarke Frederic Picard Philip Riches Luanluan Jia Fengxuan Han Bin Li Wenmiao Shu | 2018 | Bioactive Materials2018，3，3： | 40 |
| 7 | Tight junctions in inflammatory bowel diseases and inflammatory bowel disease associated colorectal cancer显示文摘Inflammatory bowel diseases are characterised by inflammation that compromises the integrity of the epithelial barrier. The intestinal epithelium is not only a static barrier but has evolved complex mechanisms to control and regulate bacterial interactions with the mucosal surface. Apical tight junction proteins are critical in the maintenance of epithelial barrier function and control of paracellular permeability. The characterisation of alterations in tight junction proteins as key players in epithelial barrier function in inflammatory bowel diseases is rapidly enhancing our understanding of critical mechanisms in disease pathogenesis as well as novel therapeutic opportunities. Here we give an overview of recent literature focusing on the role of tight junction proteins, in particular claudins, in inflammatory bowel diseases and inflammatory bowel disease associated colorectal cancer. | Jonathan Landy Emma Ronde Nick English Sue K Clark Ailsa L Hart Stella C Knight Paul J Ciclitira Hafid Omar Al-Hassi | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，11： | 39 |
| 8 | 循证医学学科知识可视化研究之二:循证医学作者关系结构图显示文摘目的用可视化方法系统、全面、直观地揭示和比较中外循证医学领域作者、所处位置、领域共同体及其演化,进一步揭示循证医学学科结构及其演绎,更好了解循证医学学科现状和人才梯队,规划学科和领域发展,为学科建设和培养循证医学人才队伍提供参考信息。方法构建中外高被引作者同被引矩阵和作者合作矩阵,采用整体网络分析法进行分析,将所得数据用UCINET软件实现可视化。结果循证医学的研究主要集中在发达国家和地区的大学。国外以SACKETT DL,GUYATT GH和MANCHIKANTI L为中心,先后发展成3个共同体,;被引作者主要分布在2003年前。国内循证医学核心作者可划分为9大学术共同体,在各个时段都有高被引作者出现,反映出梯队的传承。受时空限制,SCI核心作者的合作较松散;国内核心作者的合作关系结构分成4个部分,21个派系,但各部分的演变不同,网络核心作者主要在四川大学中国循证医学中心。结论国际循证医学核心研究者主要集中在发达国家的知名大学,加拿大的McMaster大学是循证医学的源头和制高点。国内循证医学的核心作者也主要分布在大学,四川大学中国循证医学中心是中国循证医学的培训基地和学术制高点。国外以SACKETT DL,GUYATT GH和MANCHIKANTI L为中心,先后发展成3个共同体。国内以李幼平、刘鸣和张鸣明为核心,先后发展成9大学术共同体;构建的循证医学合作网由4大部分组成,其中最重要和完善的合作子网是以李幼平为领导,刘鸣、张鸣明、李静、王莉、吴泰相、刘关键为核心的循证医学合作网。 | 沈建通 姚乐野 李幼平 Mike Clarke 甘奇 樊怡 李一飞 苟永超 钟大可 王莉 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，7： | 27 |
| 9 | 师生互动的实证研究:中芬法澳四国中学数学课堂中的师生互动显示文摘师生互动是中学数学课堂中的关键教学行为。通过选取中国、芬兰、法国和澳大利亚四个国家中学数学课堂录像进行实证研究,探寻出中芬法澳课堂中师生互动模式的可能形态:整体态势上中国课堂中的师生互动较为静态,并表现出教师主导性;而芬法澳三国的师生互动更为动态。互动模式1:教师提问-学生回答是各国主导的师生互动模式,中国尤甚;中国的互动模式1与芬法澳迥异,主要表现在互动对象上;互动模式2:学生提问-教师回答在中国课堂几乎缺失;互动模式3:教师讲解-学生听讲是各国课堂知识传输的主要媒介,中国课堂中尤甚;互动模式4:学生做题-教师辅导中的教师辅导,在中国主要表现为全班集中讲解,体现出集体主义色彩,在芬法澳课堂中主要是个性化、针对性的小组或个别辅导;互动模式5:课堂管理在芬法澳课堂是重要的师生互动形式,中国课堂缺失。 | 于国文 曹一鸣 David Clarke Man Ching Esther Chan | 2019 | 全球教育展望2019，48，1： | 27 |
| 10 | 期刊与学术会议论文摘要中报告随机对照试验的CONSORT声明:说明与详述显示文摘背景:对于与随机对照试验(randomized controlled trial,RCT)有关的学术会议论文或期刊中发表的文章来说,清楚、明了、信息量充足的摘要是十分重要的,因为读者经常仅仅根据报告的摘要对一个临床试验作出评价。为此,我们需要对'临床试验报告的统一标准(Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials,CONSORT)声明'进行扩充,制定一个期刊与学术会议论文摘要中报告RCT的必备条目清单。今后在任何期刊发表的论文或学术会议论文摘要中,作者对RCT结果的报告都要包含这些内容。方法与结果:我们根据现有的质量评价工具和基于经验的证据总结出一个条目清单。运用三轮修正式德尔菲法(modified-Delphi process)进行条目筛选。邀请共计109人参与电子网络调查,反馈率为61%。调查结果于2007年1月在加拿大蒙特贝罗举行的CONSORT小组会议中公布,与会的26人中有临床试验实施人员、统计学家、流行病学家以及生物医学编辑。经过讨论最终确定条目,随后对其进行修订以保证这些条目体现了会议期间以及会后的讨论思路。摘要CONSORT建议RCT报告的摘要需要有一个结构化的格式,其中应该包括具体的试验目的、试验设计(随机分配的方法、盲法或遮蔽等)、研究对象(对象描述、随机分组的样本量以及用于分析的样本量)、每组实施的干预、实施的干预对主要疗效结果的影响及其危害、试验结论、试验注册名称和编号以及资金来源。本文对每一条能够找到例子的纳入条目都配有良好报告范例、基本原理以及证据等,十分明了易懂,因此我们建议与清单同时使用。结论:摘要CONSORT旨在改善期刊与学术会议中发表的论文摘要的质量,这将有助于摘要提供详尽清晰的信息,这些信息能够帮助读者对试验的有效性和试验结果的适用性做出正确的评价。 | Sally Hopewell Mike Clarke David Moher Elizabeth Wager Philippa Middleton Douglas G.Altman Kenneth F.Schulz the CONSORT Group 李迅 刘建平 | 2008 | 中西医结合学报2008，6，3： | 23 |
| 11 | 循证医学学科知识可视化研究之三:循证医学知识传播可视化研究显示文摘目的通过研究循证医学期刊与相关期刊的引证关系,揭示期刊之间的信息交流关系和结构,找出循证医学证据传播的相关领域,为循证医学的学科定位与证据传播提供科学依据。方法收集《中国循证医学杂志》、《循证医学》、《中国循证儿科杂志》和《Cochrane Database of Systematic Review》(CDSR)的引用和被引期刊信息,可视化期刊间的引证关系。统计《中国循证医学杂志》、《循证医学》、《中国循证儿科杂志》、CDSR的高频关键词,建立共现矩阵,绘制主题图谱。结果 CDSR的证据生产和引用都很高,引文环境成熟。中文循证医学期刊的发文量和引用量逐年上升,引文环境、交流广度和强度不一,从高到低依次为《中国循证医学杂志》、《循证医学》和《中国循证儿科杂志》。CDSR主要交流疾病的控制和治疗证据,中文循证医学期刊刊载内容主要集中在循证医学教育和研究、临床试验设计方法和质量评价、循证决策和循证临床、肿瘤、儿科等领域。结论循证医学的相关知识和证据在各医学期刊得到广泛传播和交流,并形成相应的领域期刊群;但各个循证医学期刊的引文环境不同,交流广度和强度不一。国外循证医学在临床、儿科、药物、精神卫生、妇产科等领域发展成熟;国内循证医学主要在临床、中医药、儿科、肿瘤、护理、卫生经济与管理、医学教育等领域传播和研究,但各领域的发展程度不一,多个领域才刚起步。循证医学的研究主题已开始由药物治疗向手术等其他治疗手段扩展;由临床治疗向临床诊断、临床康复、临床预防等方向扩展;由循证临床向循证管理和决策和实践方面扩展。不同国家和地区对本土化证据的生产和使用正快速增长,循证医学的理念、方法、证据生产和转化正从发达国家向发展中国家尤其是非英语语系国家扩展。 | 沈建通 姚乐野 李幼平 Mike Clarke 李一飞 樊怡 苟永超 甘奇 王莉 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，8： | 23 |
| 12 | 中、澳、芬数学课程标准中内容分布的比较研究显示文摘以中国、澳大利亚维多利亚州、芬兰官方数学课程标准为研究对象,通过对三国数学课程标准的内容数量、结构框架、详略程度、要求程度、内容分布、内容变化方面进行比较发现:中国数学课程标准内容条目最多、最详细,其次是澳大利亚维州数量居中,芬兰最少、概括性强;三个国家数学课程标准中数与运算、几何内容都较其他内容所占比重更大、强调更多;中国数学课程标准在不同学段上所侧重的内容不同,呈动态变化趋势,而澳大利亚维州各学段各部分内容比重相当,随学段增长,不同内容所占比重无明显变化,芬兰不同学段内容设置不固定,内容所占比重也不固定,不受统一模式限制。 | 康玥媛 曹一鸣 XU Li-hua David Clarke | 2012 | 教育学报2012，8，1： | 23 |
| 13 | Colorectal cancer surveillance in inflammatory bowel disease:Practice guidelines and recent developments显示文摘Patients with long-standing inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)involving at least 1/3 of the colon are at increased risk for colorectal cancer(CRC).Advancements in CRC screening and surveillance and improved treatment of IBD has reduced CRC incidence in patients with ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s colitis.Most cases of CRC are thought to arise from dysplasia,and recent evidence suggests that the majority of dysplastic lesions in patients with IBD are visible,in part thanks to advancements in high definition colonoscopy and chromoendoscopy.Recent practice guidelines have supported the use of chromoendoscopy with targeted biopsies of visible lesions rather than traditional random biopsies.Endoscopists are encouraged to endoscopically resect visible dysplasia and only recommend surgery when a complete resection is not possible.New technologies such as virtual chromoendoscopy are emerging as potential tools in CRC screening.Patients with IBD at increased risk for developing CRC should undergo surveillance colonoscopy using new approaches and techniques. | William T Clarke Joseph D Feuerstein | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，30： | 23 |
| 14 | Pathways of China's PM;air quality 2015–2060 in the context of carbon neutrality显示文摘Clean air policies in China have substantially reduced particulate matter(PM;) air pollution in recent years,primarily by curbing end-of-pipe emissions.However,reaching the level of the World Health Organization(WHO) guidelines may instead depend upon the air quality co-benefits of ambitious climate action.Here,we assess pathways of Chinese PM;air quality from 2015 to 2060 under a combination of scenarios that link global and Chinese climate mitigation pathways(i.e.global 2℃-and 1.5℃-pathways,National Determined Contributions(NDC) pledges and carbon neutrality goals) to local clean air policies.We find that China can achieve both its near-term climate goals(peak emissions) and PM;air quality annual standard(35 μg/m;) by 2030 by fulfilling its NDC pledges and continuing air pollution control policies.However,the benefits of end-of-pipe control reductions are mostly exhausted by 2030,and reducing PM;exposure of the majority of the Chinese population to below 10 μg/m;by 2060 will likely require more ambitious climate mitigation efforts such as China’ s carbon neutrality goals and global1.5℃-pathways.Our results thus highlight that China’s carbon neutrality goals will play a critical role in reducing air pollution exposure to the level of the WHO guidelines and protecting public health. | Jing Cheng Dan Tong Qiang Zhang Yang Liu Yu Lei Gang Yan Liu Yan Sha Yu Ryna Yiyun Cui Leon Clarke Guannan Geng Bo Zheng Xiaoye Zhang Steven JDavis Kebin He | 2021 | National Science Review2021，8，12： | 23 |
| 15 | Reduction of Cancer Risk With an Oral Supplement of Selenium显示文摘The hypothesis that a dietary Supplement of selenium (Se) may reduce cancer risk was tested experimetally in humans. Patients with histories of basal/squarnous cell carcinomas of the skin were assigned randomly in double-blind fashion to dally oral supplements of either Seenriched yeast (200 μg Se/day), or a low-Se yeast placebo. A total of 1312 patients recruited in 1983-1990 were followed with regular dermatologic examinations through 1993 for a total of 8269 person-years of observation. Skin cancer diagnoses were confirmed histologically.Plasma Se concentration was determined at 6-12 months intervals. All deaths and patient-reported illnesses were recorded; reported cancers were confirmed and documented by consultation with the patient medical care providers. The results indicate that Se did not significantly affect the primary endpoints: incidences of recurrent basal/squarnous cell carcinomas of the skin. However, Setreatment was associated with reductions in several secondary endpoints:total mortality, mortality from all cancers combined, as well as the incidence of all cancers combined, lung cancer, colorectal cancer and prostate cancer. The consistencies of these associations over time, between study clinics and for the leading cancer sltes strongly suggests benefits of Se-supplementation for this cohort of patients, supporting the hypopthesis that supplemental Se can reduce cancer risk. Although Se did no shown protective effects against nonmelanoma skin cancers, the suggested reductions in risks to other frequent cancers demand further evaluation in well controlled cliflical intervention | G·F·COMBSJR L·C·CLARK 等 | 1997 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences1997，10，2： | 21 |
| 16 | 新生儿复苏培训项目十年回顾显示文摘 | Clark RB 赵时敏 盖铭英 | 2004 | 中华围产医学杂志2004，7，3： | 20 |
| 17 | TET1 is a DNA-binding protein that modulates DNA methylation and gene transcription via hydroxylation of 5-methylcytosine显示文摘 | Haikuo Zhang Xin Zhang Erin Clark Michelle Mulcahey Stephen Huang Yujiang Geno Shi | 2010 | Cell Research2010，20，12： | 20 |
| 18 | Irritable bowel syndrome: A microbiome-gut-brain axis disorder?显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is an extremely prevalent but poorly understood gastrointestinal disorder. Consequently, there are no clear diagnostic markers to help diagnose the disorder and treatment options are limited to management of the symptoms. The concept of a dysregulated gut-brain axis has been adopted as a suitable model for the disorder. The gut microbiome may play an important role in the onset and exacerbation of symptoms in the disorder and has been extensively studied in this context. Although a causal role cannot yet be inferred from the clinical studies which have attempted to characterise the gut microbiota in IBS, they do confirm alterations in both community stability and diversity. Moreover, it has been reliably demonstrated that manipulation of the microbiota can influence the key symptoms, including abdominal pain and bowel habit, and other prominent features of IBS. A variety of strategies have been taken to study these interactions, including probiotics, antibiotics, faecal transplantations and the use of germ-free animals. There are clear mechanisms through which the microbiota can produce these effects, both humoral and neural. Taken together, these findings firmly establish the microbiota as a critical node in the gut-brain axis and one which is amenable to therapeutic interventions. | Paul J Kennedy John F Cryan Timothy G Dinan Gerard Clarke | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，39： | 20 |
| 19 | Sperm DNA fragmentation, recurrent implantation failure and recurrent miscarriage显示文摘证据正在增加精子 DNA 的正直可能也与培植失败和周期性的流产(RM ) 有关。调查这,在有在 vitro 授精,与 RM 诊断的 16 个女人和七位最近的父亲(控制) 列在后面的周期性的培植失败(RIF ) 的 35 个女人的搭挡的精子 DNA 破碎被检验。精子由测试和终端 deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP 刻痕结束标记的精子染色质分散(SCD )(TUNEL ) 是检验密度前和密度以后的 centrifugation 试金。在在三之间的搭挡或精子集中,活动性或形态学组织的任何一个的年龄没有重要差别。而且,在 DNA 破碎由也测量了的精子没有明显的差别测试。不管多么虽然平均在所有的精子 DNA 破碎组织当由 SCD 测试测量了时,在准备精子是统计上更低的,这没从 TUNEL 试金与结果被看见。这些结果不支持精子 DNA 破碎是 RIF 或 RM 的一个重要原因的假设,否则测试的那精子 DNA 正直在如此的病人有价值。它也在从精子 DNA 破碎测试解释数据加亮测试方法论和精子准备方法之间的重要差别。 | Carol Coughlan Helen Clarke Rachel Cutting Jane Saxton Sarah Waite William Ledger Tinchiu Li Allan A Pacey | 2015 | Asian Journal of Andrology2015，17，4： | 17 |
| 20 | 土体与时间相关的-维应力-应变性状、弹粘塑性模型和团结分析(续)显示文摘土体与时间相关的-维应力-应变性状、弹粘塑性模型和团结分析(续)殷建华JackI.Clark(加拿大纽芬兰纪念大学冷海资源中心)7EVP模型参数的确定在假说A中,太沙基因结理论被用来计算团结中超孔隙水压力和压缩,次团结系数被用来估计次团结中的蠕变压缩... | 殷建华 Clark,JI | 1994 | 岩土力学1994，15，4： | 16 |
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