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| 1 | PEPT study of particle motion for different riser exit geometries显示文摘Laboratory and industrial risers are equipped with exits of many different layouts,and numerous publications discuss the influence of riser exit geometry on local and overall solids hydrodynamics in the riser.The present paper reviews literature findings-mostly based upon indirect experimental techniques and often somewhat contradictory.Direct measurement of particle velocity and particle occupancy near and in the riser exit provide a better indication of the effect of riser exit geometry.Positron Emission Particle Tracking(PEPT)was used in this work for the first time to investigate the exit region of the riser.An abrupt or sharp exit causes particles to be knocked out of the gas flow,so forming a recirculation or reflux region in the upper part of the riser.This is much less pronounced with a curved or gradual exit. | Chian Wen Chan Anke Brems Shiva Mahmoudi Jan Baeyens Jonathan Seville David Parker Thomas Leadbeater Joseph Gargiuli | 2010 | Particuology2010，8，6： | 5 |
| 2 | Solids flow diagram of a CFB riser using Geldart B-type powders显示文摘Riser operating modes are vital to designing a circulating fluidized bed (CFB) reactor for a required process of either a gas-solid or a gas-catalytic nature. Different operating modes provide different solids' residence times and mixing behaviors, which define the reactions' efficiency and yield. The literature demonstrates distinct operating modes resulting from observed differences in slip factors and the range of particle velocities and their associated residence time distribution. The present research uses positron emission particle tracking (PEPT) in a riser of B-type bed material to determine the different operating modes by measuring (i) particle velocities and residence time distribution, (ii) population densities of these particles in the cross-sectional area of the riser, and (iii) solids flow pattern at the bottom of the riser. Data treatment defines four distinct solids hold-up regimes in the riser and proposes a 'phase diagram' depicting the existence of the different operating modes (dilute, dense, core-annulus and combined) as a function of the superficial gas velocity and solids circulation flux in the riser. The delineated regimes have good agreement with available literature data and known industrial operations. Comparison with literature data for risers using A-type powders is also fair. The diagram enables CFB designers to better delineate operating characteristics. | Shiva Mahmoudi Chian Wen Chan Anke Brems Jonathan Seville Jan Baeyens | 2012 | Particuology2012，10，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Local immunotherapy with interleuk in-2 delivered from biodegradable p olymer microspheres combined with interstitial chemotherapy:a novel treatme nt for experimental malignant glioma显示文摘OBJECTIVE:Local delivery of carmustine(BCNU)from biodegradable polymers prolon gs survival against experimental brain tumors.Moreover,paracrine administration of inte rleukin-2(IL-2)has been shown to elicit a potent antitumor immune response and to improve survival in animal brain tumor models.We r eport the use of a novel polymeric mic rosphere delivery vehicle to release IL-2.We demonstr ate both in vitro release of cytokine from the microspheres and histological evidence of the inflammatory response elicited by I L-2released from the microspheres i n the rat brain.These microspheres a re used to deliver IL-2,and biodegradable polymer wafers are used to deliver BCNU,directly at the site of an intracranially implanted glioma in the rat.The two agents administered locally show a s ynergistic effect.METHODS:Fischer 344rats challenged intracranially with 9L gliosarcoma received an intracranial implant of either empty microspheres or microspheres containing IL-2(IL-2MS ).Five days later,animals in each group were randomized to receiv e polymer implants loaded with 0,3.8,or 10%BCNU at the tumor site.RESULTS:Animals that received the combination of IL-2MS a nd 3.8%BCNU polymer(median survival,28.5d )or IL-2MS and 10%BCNU polymer(median survival,45.5d )showed significantly improved surv ival compared with animals that rece ived monotherapy with IL-2microsph eres(median survival,24d ),3.8%BCNU polymer(median survival,24d ),or 10%BCNU polymer(median survival,32.5d ).Control animals had a median survival of 18days.The combination of either 3.8or 10%BCNU polymer with IL-2MS resulted in 7and 25%long-term survivors,respectively.CONCLUSION:By showing synergy of IL-2and BCNU in an animal glioma model and using a reproducible synthetic delivery sy stem for each agent (i.e.,one that did not rely on genetic ally engineered cells or viruses),we hope that the combination of local immunotherapy and chemotherapy can take an important step closer to clinical applic ation in patients with malignant brain | Rhines LD DiMeco F Lawson HC Tyler BM Hanes J Olivi A Brem H | 2003 | 癌症2003，22，7： | 2 |
| 4 | Plane stress yield function for aluminum alloy sheets—part 1: theory显示文摘 | F. Barlat J.C. Brem J.W. Yoon K. Chung R.E. Dick D.J. Lege F. Pourboghrat S.-H. Choi E. Chu | 2002 | International Journal of Plasticity2002，，9： | 2 |
| 5 | Raliability of histologic diagnosis of breast cancer with stereotactic vacuum-assisted biopsy显示文摘 | Brem RF Schoonjans JM Sanow L | 2001 | Am Surg2001，67，4： | 1 |
| 6 | A six-component yield function for anisotropic metals显示文摘 | Lege D J Brem J C | 1991 | Inernational Journal of Plasticity1991，427，13： | 1 |
| 7 | Karyoplast-cytoplast volume ratio in bovine nuclear transfer embryos:effect on developmental potential显示文摘 | Zakhartchenko V Stojkovic M Brem G | 1997 | Mol Reprod Dec1997，48，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Characterization and stability of N- terminally PEGyiated rhG- CSF显示文摘 | Kinstler OB Brems DN Lauren SL | 1996 | Pharm Res1996，13，： | 1 |
| 9 | Bone marrow stromal cells as targets for gene therapy of hemophilia A显示文摘 | Chuah MK Brems H Vanslembrouck V | 1998 | Hum Gene Ther1998，9，3： | 1 |
| 10 | Immunolocalization of basic fibroblast growth factor to the microvasculature of human brain tumors显示文摘 | Brem S Tsanaclis AM Gately S | 1992 | Cancer1992，70，11： | 1 |
| 11 | Interstitial chemotherapy with drug polymer implants for the treatment of recurrent gliomas显示文摘 | BREM H MAHALEY MS VICK NA | 1991 | J Neurosurg1991，74，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Protocol for treament of diabetic foot ulcers显示文摘 | Brem HSP Boulton AJM | 2004 | Am J Surg2004，187，15： | 1 |
| 13 | Necrotizing neurosar- coidosis masquerading as a left optic nerve meningioma: case re- port显示文摘 | Jennings JW Rojiani AM Brem SS | 2002 | AJNR2002，23，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Preservation of neuro- cognitive function and local control of 1 to 3 brain metastases treated with surgery and carmustine wafers 显示文摘 | Brem S Meyers CA Palmer G | 2013 | Cancer2013，119，21： | 1 |
| 15 | Sensitive detection of human growth hormone mRNA in routinely formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded transgenic mouse tissues by non-isotopic in situ hybridization显示文摘 | J. Ehrlein R. Wanke W. Hermann S. Weis G. Brem | 1994 | Histochemistry1994，，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Functional analysis of Trypanosoma brtwei PUF1 显示文摘 | Luu VD Brems S Hoheisel JD | 2006 | Mol Biochem Parasitol2006，150，2： | 1 |
| 17 | The development of new brain tumor therapy utilizing the local and sustained delivery of chemotherapeutic agents from biodegradable polymers显示文摘 | Brem H Lawson HC | 1999 | Cancer1999，86，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Angiogenesis and blood-brain barrier breakdown modulate CT contrast enhancement:an experimental study in a rabbit brain-tumor model显示文摘 | Zagzag D Goldenberg M Brem S | 2002 | A J R2002，158，3： | 1 |
| 19 | Molecular character-ization of the promoter of osmY,an rpoS-dependent gene显示文摘 | Yim HH Brems RL Villarejo M | 1994 | J Bacteriol1994，176，1： | 1 |
| 20 | 11 bet a-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase antisense affects vascular contractile response and glucocorticoid metabolism显示文摘 | Souness Graham W Brem AndrewS Morris DavidJ | | 0，，03： | 1 |
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