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| 1 | Risk factors and classifications of hilar cholangiocarcinoma显示文摘Cholangiocarcinoma is the second most common primary malignant tumor of the liver.Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma or Klatskin tumor represents more than 50% of all biliary tract cholangiocarcinomas.A wide range of risk factors have been identified among patients with Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma including advanced age,male gender,primary sclerosing cholangitis,choledochal cysts,cholelithiasis,cholecystitis,parasitic infection(Opisthorchis viverrini and Clonorchis sinensis),inflammatory bowel disease,alcoholic cirrhosis,nonalcoholic cirrhosis,chronic pancreatitis and metabolic syndrome.Various classifications have been used to describe the pathologic and radiologic appearance of cholangiocarcinoma.The three systems most commonly used to evaluate Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma are the Bismuth-Corlette(BC) system,the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center and the TNM classification.The BC classification provides preoperative assessment of local spread.The Memorial Sloan-Kettering cancer center proposes a staging system according to three factors related to local tumor extent:the location and extent of bile duct involvement,the presence or absence of portal venous invasion,and the presence or absence of hepatic lobar atrophy.The TNM classification,besides the usual descriptors,tumor,node and metastases,provides additional information concerning the possibility for the residual tumor(R) and the histological grade(G).Recently,in 2011,a new consensus classification for the Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma had been published.The consensus was organised by the European Hepato-PancreatoBiliary Association which identified the need for a new staging system for this type of tumors.The classification includes information concerning biliary or vascular(portal or arterial) involvement,lymph node status or metastases,but also other essential aspects related to the surgical risk,such as remnant hepatic volume or the possibility of underlying disease. | Miguel Angel Suarez-Munoz Jose Luis Fernandez-Aguilar Belinda Sanchez-Perez Jose Antonio Perez-Daga Beatriz Garcia-Albiach Ysabel Pulido-Roa Naiara Marin-Camero Julio Santoyo-Santoyo | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2013，5，7： | 23 |
| 2 | Evolution of transanal total mesorectal excision for rectal cancer:From top to bottom显示文摘The gold standard for curative treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer involves radical resection with a total mesorectal excision(TME). TME is the most effective treatment strategy to reduce local recurrence and improve survival outcomes regardless of the surgical platform used. However, there are associated morbidities, functional consequences, and quality of life(QoL) issues associated with TME; these risks must be considered during the modern-day multidisciplinary treatment for rectal cancer. This has led to the development of new surgical techniques to improve patient, oncologic, and QoL outcomes. In this work, we review the evolution of TME to the transanal total mesorectal excision(TaTME) through more traditional minimally invasive platforms. The review the development, safety and feasibility, proposed benefits and risks of the procedure, implementation and education models, and future direction for research and implementation of the TaTME in colorectal surgery. While satisfactory short-term results have been reported, the procedure is in its infancy, and long term outcomes and definitive results from controlled trials are pending.As evidence for safety and feasibility accumulates,structured training programs to standardize teaching,training, and safe expansion will aid the safe spread of the TaTME. | Sameh Hany Emile F Borja de Lacy Deborah Susan Keller Beatriz Martin-Perez Sadir Alrawi Antonio M Lacy Manish Chand | 2018 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2018，10，3： | 18 |
| 3 | Inflammatory bowel diseases: A disease (s) of modern times? Is incidence still increasing?显示文摘Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a heterogeneous group of diseases, not always easy to diagnose, even more difficult to classify, and diagnostic criteria are not always uniform. Well done population-based studies are not abundant, and so comparisons among different geographical areas or populations are not always very reliable. In this article, we have reviewed epidemiological studies available on the world’s population while making a critical review of published data. | Cristina Saro Gismera Beatriz Sicilia Aladrén | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，36： | 17 |
| 4 | The Phosphate Transporter PHT4;6 Is a Determinant of Salt Tolerance that Is Localized to the Golgi Apparatus of Arabidopsis显示文摘破坏 PHT4 的功能的插入变化;(At5g44370 ) 6 引起 NaCl 被主要的根的减少的生长根尖端描绘,提高的侧面的分叉,并且胀大的 Arabidopsis 幼苗的超敏性。变异的显型被蔗糖,然而并非由甘露糖醇的 equiosmolar 集中加重,并且在媒介由低无机的磷酸盐稀释了。蛋白质 PHT4; 6 属于分享重要顺序类似到哺乳动物的类型的 permeases 的主要 Facilitator 总科 -- 我 Pi transporters 和小囊的 glutamate transporters,并且是植物的通常认为的细胞内部的磷酸盐 transporters 的 PHT4 家庭的一个成员。PHT4; 6 本地化那 PHT4 到膜和运输研究显示的 Golgi; 6 便于 Pi 然而并非氯化物或无机的阴离子的选择运输。有显示根胀大的另外的异种的 Phenotypic 类似建议那 PHT4;在蛋白质 N-glycosylation 和房间的 6 可能的功能围生合成,它为盐忍耐是必要的。一起,我们的结果显示那 PHT4;从为再循环免除 glycosylation 的 Pi 的 Golgi lumenal 空间的 6 运输 Pi 处理。 | Beatriz Cubero Yuko Nakagawa Xing-Yu Jiang Ken-Ji Miura Fang Li Kashchandra G. Raghothama Ray A. Bressan Paul M. Hasegawa Jose M. Pardo | 2009 | Molecular Plant2009，2，3： | 15 |
| 5 | I.31, a new combination of probiotics, improves irritable bowel syndrome-related quality of life显示文摘AIM:To determine the dose-related effects of a novel probiotic combination,I.31,on irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)-related quality of life(IBS-QoL).METHODS:A multicenter,randomized,double-blind,placebo-controlled intervention clinical trial with three parallel arms was designed.A total of 84 patients(53female,31 male;age range 20-70 years)with IBS and diarrhea according to Rome-Ⅲcriteria were randomly allocated to receive one capsule a day for 6 wk containing:(1)I.31 high dose(n=28);(2)I.31 low dose(n=27);and(3)placebo(n=29).At baseline,and 3and 6 wk of treatment,patients filled the IBSQoL,Visceral Sensitivity Index(VSI),and global symptom relief questionnaires.RESULTS:During treatment,IBS-QoL increased in all groups,but this increment was significantly larger in patients treated with I.31 than in those receiving placebo(P=0.008).After 6 wk of treatment,IBS-QoL increased by 18±3 and 22±4 points in the high and the low dose groups,respectively(P=0.041 and P=0.023vs placebo),but only 9±3 in the placebo group.Gutspecific anxiety,as measured with VSI,also showed a significantly greater improvement after 6 wk of treatment in patients treated with probiotics(by 10±2 and14±2 points,high and low dose respectively,P<0.05for both vs 7±1 score increment in placebo).Symptom relief showed no significant changes between groups.No adverse drug reactions were reported following the consumption of probiotic or placebo capsules.CONCLUSION:A new combination of three different probiotic bacteria was superior to placebo in improving IBS-related quality of life in patients with IBS and diarrhea. | Vicente Lorenzo-Zú?iga Elba Llop Cristina Suárez Beatriz álvarez Luis Abreu Jordi Espadaler Jordi Serra | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，26： | 13 |
| 6 | Ultrasound-based techniques for the diagnosis of liver steatosis显示文摘Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)is the leading cause of diffuse liver disease.An accurate estimate of the fat in the liver is important in the diagnostic work-up of patients with NAFLD because the degree of liver steatosis is linked to the metabolic syndrome and the cardiovascular risk.Ultrasound(US)B-mode imaging allows to subjectively estimate the fatty infiltration in the liver;however,it has a low performance for the detection of mild steatosis.Quantitative US is based on the analysis of the radiofrequency echoes detected by an US system,and it allows to calculate a backscatter coefficient or an attenuation coefficient or the sound speed.The estimation of the backscatter coefficient is rather cumbersome and requires the use of a phantom for addressing all sources of variability.Controlled attenuation parameter(CAP)available on the FibroScan system(Echosens,France)measures the attenuation of the US beam.CAP is accurate in grading fatty infiltration-even though there is an overlap between consecutive grade of liver steatosis-and the values are not influenced by liver fibrosis.Several US manufacturers are developing or have already developed software for quantifying the attenuation of the US beam.Preliminary results show that proprietary technologies implemented in US systems seem more accurate than CAP for grading liver steatosis.Another available method for quantifying liver steatosis is based on the computation of the sound speed and the initial results appear promising. | Giovanna Ferraioli Livia Beatriz Soares Monteiro | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，40： | 12 |
| 7 | 在有分散的胃的息肉的病人的 colorectal 息肉的风险: 盒子控制研究显示文摘 AIM:To assess the risk of colonic polyps,adenomas and advanced neoplastic lesions(ANL) in patients with sporadic gastric polyps,especially those with fundic gland polyps(FGP).METHODS:Clinical records of patients who had performed an upper and a lower digestive endoscopy between September 2007 and August 2008 were retrospectively analyzed.A case-control study was carried out,calling patients with gastric polyps as 'cases' and patients without gastric polyps as 'controls'.The risk of colonic polyps,adenomas and ANL(villous component ≥ 25%,size ≥ 10 mm,or high grade dysplasia) was assessed [odds ratio(OR) and its corresponding 95%CI].RESULTS:Two hundred and forty seven patients were analyzed:78 with gastric polyps(cases) and 169 without gastric polyps(controls).Among the cases,the majority of gastric polyps were FGP(80%,CI:69-88) and hyperplastic(20%,CI:12-31);25% had colonic polyps(25% hyperplastic and 68% adenomas,from which 45% were ANL).Among the controls,20% had colonic polyps(31% hyperplastic and 63% adenomas,from which 41% were ANL).The patients with sporadic FGP had an OR of 1.56(CI:0.80-3.04) for colonic polyps,an OR of 1.78(CI:0.82-3.84) for colonic adenomas,and an OR of 0.80(CI:0.21-2.98) for ANL.Similar results were found in patients with gastric polyps in general.CONCLUSION:The results of this study did not show more risk of colorectal adenomas or ANL neither in patients with sporadic gastric polyps nor in those with FGP. | Daniel Gustavo Cimmino José Manuel Mella Pablo Luna Raquel González Lisandro Pereyra Carolina Fischer Adriana Mohaidle Beatriz Vizcaino Mario Andres Medrano Adrián Hadad Silvia Pedreira Luis Boerr | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2013，5，5： | 12 |
| 8 | Carbon Dioxide/Methane Separation by Adsorption on Sepiolite显示文摘在这个工作,为从由压力秋千吸附(PSA ) 的二氧化碳混合物的二氧化碳的移动的海泡石的使用过程被研究了。吸附平衡和动力学在一张改正床,和二氧化碳的吸附平衡参数被测量了,海泡石上的甲烷被获得了。一个模特儿基于 LDF 近似被雇用了模仿改正床动力学,用描述吸附平衡等温线的兰米尔方程。为作为吸附物用海泡石分开二氧化碳混合物一个 PSA 周期工作也被学习了。试验性的结果与使适应一个 PSA 系统的模型预言的相比。有比 97% 罐头高的纯净的甲烷被获得从喂包含二氧化碳,集中与建议 PSA 周期从 34% ~ 56%。这些结果建议那海泡石是有为它在为从垃圾堆气体的二氧化碳移动的一个 PSA 周期的雇用的好性质的吸附物。 | José A.Delgado María A.Uguina José L.Sotelo Beatriz Ruíz Marcio Rosário | 2007 | Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry2007，16，3： | 10 |
| 9 | Antioxidant properties of glutamine and its role in VEGF-Akt pathways in portal hypertension gastropathy显示文摘AIM: To investigate the effects of glutamine on oxidative/nitrosative stress and the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) signaling pathway in an experimental model of portal hypertension induced by partial portal vein ligation (PPVL). METHODS: Portal hypertension was induced by PPVL. The PPVL model consists of a partial obstruction of the portal vein, performed using a 20 G blunt needle as a guide, which is gently removed after the procedure. PPVL model was performed for 14 d beginning treatment with glutamine on the seventh day. On the fifteenth day, the mesenteric vein pressure was checked and the stomach was removed to test immunoreactivity and oxidative stress markers. We evaluated the expression and the immunoreactivity of proteins involved in the VEGF-Akt-eNOS pathway by Western blotting and immunohistochemical analysis. Oxidative stress was measured by quantification of the cytosolic concentration of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) as well as the levels of total glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, nitric oxide (NO) production and nitrotyrosine immunoreactivity. RESULTS: All data are presented as the mean ± SE. The production of TBARS and NO was significantly increased in PPVL animals. A reduction of SOD activity was detected in PPVL + G group. In the immunohistochemical analyses of nitrotyrosine, Akt and eNOS, the PPVL group exhibited significant increases, whereas decreases were observed in the PPVL + G group, but no difference in VEGF was detected between these groups. Western blotting analysis detected increased expression of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), P-Akt and eNOS in the PPVL group compared with the PPVL + G group, which was not observed for the expression of VEGF when comparing these groups. Glutamine administration markedly alleviated oxidative/nitrosative stress, normalized SOD activity, increased levels of total GSH and blocked NO overproduction as well as the formation of peroxynitrite. CONCLUSION: Glutamine treatment demonstrated to reduce oxidative damage but does not reduce angiogenesis induced by PH in gastric tissue, demonstrating a beneficial role for the PI3K-Akt-eNOS pathway. | Camila Marques Francielli Licks Ingrid Zattoni Beatriz Borges Luiz Eduardo Rizzo de Souza Claudio Augusto Marroni Norma Possa Marroni | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，28： | 9 |
| 10 | NLRP3 inflammasome blockade reduces adipose tissue inflammation and extracellular matrix remodeling显示文摘The NLRP3-IL-1β pathway plays an important role in adipose tissue(AT)-induced inflammation and the development of obesityassociated comorbidities.We aimed to determine the impact of NLRP3 on obesity and its associated metabolic alterations as well as its role in adipocyte inflammation and extracellular matrix(ECM)remodeling.Samples obtained from 98 subjects were used in a case-control study.The expression of different components of the inflammasome as well as their main effectors and inflammation-and ECM remodeling-related genes were analyzed.The impact of blocking NLRP3 using siRNA in lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-mediated inflammation and ECM remodeling signaling pathways was evaluated.We demonstrated that obesity(P<0.01),obesity-associated T2D(P<0.01)and NAFLD(P<0.05)increased the expression of different com ponents of the inflammasome as well as the expression and release of IL-1β and IL-18 in AT.We also found that obese patients with T2D exhibited increased(P<0.05)hepatic gene expression levels of NLRP3,IL1B and IL18.We showed that NLRP3,but not NLRP1,is regulated by inflammation and hypoxia in visceral adipocytes.We revealed that the inhibition of NLRP3 in human visceral adipocytes significantly blocked(P<0.01)LPS-induced inflammation by downregulating the mRNA levels of CCL2,IL1B,IL6,IL8,S100A8,S100A9,TLR4 and TNF as well as inhibiting(P<0.01)the secretion of IL1-β into the culture medium.Furthermore,blocking NLRP3 attenuated(P<0.01)the LPS-induced expression of important molecules involved in AT fibrosis(COL1A1,COL4A3,COL6A3 and MMP2).These novel findings provide evidence that blocking the expression of NLRP3 reduces AT inflammation with significant fibrosis attenuation. | Xabier Unamuno Javier Gomez-Ambrosi Beatriz Ramirez Amaia Rodriguez Sara Becerril Victor Valenti Rafael Moncada Camilo Silva Javier Salvador Gema Fruhbeck Victoria Catalan | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，4： | 9 |
| 11 | Helicobacter pylori and corpus gastric pathology are associated with lower serum ghrelin显示文摘AIM To evaluate the association of Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori), cag A genotype, and type of gastric pathology with ghrelin, leptin and nutritional status.METHODS Fasted dyspeptic adults(18-70 years) referred for an upper digestive endoscopy were enrolled in this crosssectional study. Height and weight were assessed for body mass index(BMI) calculation. A sociodemographic survey was administered and nutrient intake was evaluated with 24 h dietary recalls. Serum total ghrelin and leptin levels were analyzed by enzymelinked immunosorbent assay. 13 C-Urea Breath Test was performed and four gastric biopsies were obtained during endoscopy for histopathology and H. pylori DNA amplification and genotyping. Data analysis was performed using χ2, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis tests, Spearman's correlation and linear regression.RESULTS One hundred and sixty-three patients(40.8 ± 14.0 years), 98/65 females/males, were included. Overall, persistent H. pylori prevalence was 53.4%(95%CI: 45.7%-65.8%). Neither nutrient intake nor BMI differed significantly between H. pylori positive and negative groups. Serum ghrelin was significantly lower in infected patients [median 311.0 pg/m L(IQR 230.0-385.5)] than in uninfected ones [median 355.0 pg/m L(IQR 253.8-547.8)](P = 0.025), even after adjusting for BMI and gender(P = 0.03). Ghrelin levels tended to be lower in patients carrying cag A positive strains both in the antrum and the corpus; however, differences with those carrying cag A negative strains did not reach statistical significance(P = 0.50 and P = 0.49, respectively). In addition, the type and severity of gastric pathology in the corpus was associated with lower serum ghrelin(P = 0.04), independently of H.pylori status. Conversely, leptin levels did not differ significantly between infected and uninfected patients [median 1.84 ng/m L(0.80-4.85) vs 1.84 ng/m L(0.50-5.09),(P = 0.51)]. CONCLUSION H. pylori infection and severity of gastric corpus pathology are associated with lower serum ghrelin. Further studies could confirm a lower ghrelin prevalence in cag A-positive patients. | Paula Mantero Gonzalo Sebastián Matus Rodolfo Ernesto Corti Ana María Cabanne Gerardo Gabriel Zerbetto de Palma Liliana Marchesi Olid María Marta Piskorz Marcela Beatriz Zubillaga Mariana Andrea Janjetic Cinthia Gabriela Goldman | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，3： | 8 |
| 12 | Immunosuppressive potency of mechanistic target of rapamycin inhibitors in solid-organ transplantation显示文摘Mammalian target of rapamycin, also known as me-chanistic target of rapamycin(m TOR) is a protein kinase that belongs to the PI3K/AKT/m TOR signaling pathway, which is involved in several fundamental cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, and survival. This protein and its associated pathway have been implicated in cancer development and the regulation of immune responses, including the rejection response generated following allograft transplantation. Inhibitors of m TOR(m TORi) such as rapamycin and its derivative everolimus are potent immunosuppressive drugs that both maintain similar rates of efficacy and could optimize the renal function and diminish the side effects compared with calcineurin inhibitors. These drugs are used in solid-organ transplantationtoinduceimmunosuppression while also promoting the expansion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ regulatory T-cells that could favor a scenery of immu-nological tolerance. In this review, we describe the mechanisms by which inhibitors of m TOR induce sup-pression by regulation of these pathways at different levels of the immune response. In addition, we par-ticularly emphasize about the main methods that are used to assess the potency of immunosuppressive drugs, highlighting the studies carried out about immunosuppressive potency of inhibitors of m TOR. | Alberto Baroja-Mazo Beatriz Revilla-Nuin Pablo Ramírez José A Pons | 2016 | World Journal of Transplantation2016，6，1： | 8 |
| 13 | Functions of NKG2D in CD8^(+) T cells: an opportunity for immunotherapy显示文摘Natural killer group 2 member D(NKG2D)is a type II transmembrane receptor.NKG2D is present on NK cells in both mice and humans,whereas it is constitutively expressed on CD8+T cells in humans but only expressed upon T-cell activation in mice.NKG2D is a promiscuous receptor that recognizes stress-induced surface ligands.In NK cells,NKG2D signaling is sufficient to unleash the killing response;in CD8+T cells,this requires concurrent activation of the T-cell receptor(TCR).In this case,the function of NKG2D is to authenticate the recognition of a stressed target and enhance TCR signaling.CD28 has been established as an archetype provider of costimulation during T-cell priming.It has become apparent,however,that signals from other costimulatory receptors,such as NKG2D,are required for optimal T-cell function outside the priming phase.This review will focus on the similarities and differences between NKG2D and CD28;less well-described characteristics of NKG2D,such as the potential role of NKG2D in CD8+T-cell memory formation,cancer immunity and autoimmunity;and the opportunities for targeting NKG2D in immunotherapy. | Kushal Prajapati Cynthia Perez Lourdes Beatriz Plaza Rojas Brianna Burke Jose A Guevara-Patino | 2018 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2018，15，5： | 7 |
| 14 | Role of cetuximab in first-line treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer显示文摘The treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer(mCRC)has evolved considerably in the last decade,currently allowing most mCRC patients to live more than two years.Monoclonal antibodies targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)and vascular endothelial growth factor play an important role in the current treatment of these patients.However,only antibodies directed against EGFR have a predictive marker of response,which is the mutation status of v-Ki-ras2 Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog(KRAS).Cetuximab has been shown to be effective in patients with KRAS wild-type mCRC.The CRYSTAL study showed that adding cetuximab to FOLFIRI(regimen of irinotecan,infusional fluorouracil and leucovorin)significantly improved results in the first-line treatment of KRAS wildtype mCRC.However,results that evaluate the efficacy of cetuximab in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy in this setting are contradictory.On the other hand,recent advances in the management of colorectal liver metastases have improved survival in these patients.Adding cetuximab to standard chemotherapy increases the response rate in patients with wild-type KRAS and can thus increase the resectability rate of liver metastases in this group of patients.In this paper we review the different studies assessing the efficacy of cetuximab in the first-line treatment of mCRC. | Miguel Jhonatan Sotelo Beatriz García-Paredes Carlos Aguado Javier Sastre Eduardo Díaz-Rubio | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，15： | 7 |
| 15 | Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) levels in the natural history of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infection: A European perspective显示文摘 | Jerzy Jaroszewicz Beatriz Calle Serrano Karsten Wursthorn Katja Deterding Jerome Schlue Regina Raupach Robert Flisiak C.-Thomas Bock Michael P. Manns Heiner Wedemeyer Markus Cornberg | 2010 | Journal of Hepatology2010，，4： | 6 |
| 16 | Portal hypertensive colopathy is associated with portal hypertension severity in cirrhotic patients显示文摘AIM:To assess the prevalence of portal hypertension (PH) related colorectal lesions in liver transplant candidates, and to evaluate its association with the severity of PH.METHODS: Between October 2004 and December 2005, colonoscopy was performed in 92 cirrhotic liver transplant candidates. We described the lesions resulting from colorectal PH and their association with the grade of PH in 77 patients who underwent measurement of hepatic venous pressure gradient (HVPG).RESULTS: Mean age was 55 years and 80.7% of patients were men. The main etiology of cirrhosis was alcoholism (45.5%). Portal hypertensive colopathy (PHC) was found in 23.9%, colonic varices in 7.6% and polyps in 38% of patients (adenomatous type 65.2%). One asymptomatic patient had a well-differentiated adenocarcinoma. The manifestations of colorectal PH were not associated with the etiology of liver disease or with the Child-Pugh grade. Ninety percent of patients with colopathy presented with gastroesopha-geal varices (GEV), and 27.5% of patients with GEV presented with colopathy (P=0.12). A relationship between higher values of HVPG and presence of col-opathy was observed (19.9±6.2 mmHg vs 16.8±5.4 mmHg, P=0.045), but not with the grade of col-opathy (P=0.13). Preneoplastic polyps and neoplasm (P=0.02) and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (P=0.006) were more prevalent in patients with colopathy. We did not observe any association between previous β-blocker therapy and the presence of colorectal portal hypertensive vasculopathy.CONCLUSION: PHC is common in cirrhotic liver trans-plant candidates and is associated with higher portal pressure. | Antonio Diaz-Sanchez Oscar Nuez-Martinez Cecilia Gonzalez-Asanza Ana Matilla Beatriz Merino Diego Rincon Inmaculada Beceiro Maria Vega Catalina Magdalena Salcedo Rafael Baares Gerardo Clemente | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，38： | 6 |
| 17 | Insect-plant-pathogen interactions as shaped by future climate effects on biology, distribution, and implications for agriculture显示文摘 | Piotr Trebicki Beatriz Dader Simone Vassiliadis Alberto Fereres | 2017 | Insect Science2017，24，6： | 6 |
| 18 | Clinical Evaluation of a Ten‐Day Regimen with E someprazole, M etronidazole, A moxicillin, and C larithromycin for the Eradication of H elicobacter pylori in a High Clarithromycin Resistance Area显示文摘 | Sotirios D. Georgopoulos Elias Xirouchakis Beatriz Martinez‐Gonzalez Dionyssios N. Sgouras Charikleia Spiliadi Andreas F. Mentis Fotini Laoudi | 2013 | Helicobacter2013，，6： | 6 |
| 19 | An Exploration of Deep-Learning Based Phenotypic Analysis to Detect Spike Regions in Field Conditions for UK Bread Wheat显示文摘Wheat is one of the major crops in the world,with a global demand expected to reach 850 million tons by 2050 that is clearly outpacing current supply.The continual pressure to sustain wheat yield due to the world’s growing population under fluctuating climate conditions requires breeders to increase yield and yield stability across environments.We are working to integrate deep learning into field-based phenotypic analysis to assist breeders in this endeavour.We have utilised wheat images collected by distributed CropQuant phenotyping workstations deployed for multiyear field experiments of UK bread wheat varieties.Based on these image series,we have developed a deep-learning based analysis pipeline to segment spike regions from complicated backgrounds.As a first step towards robust measurement of key yield traits in the field,we present a promising approach that employ Fully Convolutional Network(FCN)to performsemantic segmentation of images to segment wheat spike regions.We also demonstrate the benefits of transfer learning through the use of parameters obtained from other image datasets.We found that the FCN architecture had achieved a Mean classification Accuracy(MA)>82%on validation data and>76%on test data and Mean Intersection over Union value(MIoU)>73%on validation data and and>64%on test datasets.Through this phenomics research,we trust our attempt is likely to form a sound foundation for extracting key yield-related traits such as spikes per unit area and spikelet number per spike,which can be used to assist yield-focused wheat breeding objectives in near future. | Tahani Alkhudaydi Daniel Reynolds Simon Griffiths Ji Zhou Beatriz de la Iglesia | 2019 | Plant Phenomics2019，1，1： | 5 |
| 20 | Energy Dissipation of P- and S-Waves in Fluid-Saturated Rocks: An Overview Focusing on Hydraulically Connected Fractures显示文摘An important characteristic of fractured rocks is their high seismic attenuation, which so far has been mainly attributed to wave-induced fluid flow(WIFF) between the fractures and the embedding matrix. The influence of fracture connectivity on seismic attenuation has, however, recently, only been investigated. Numerical compressibility and shear tests based on Biot's quasi-static poro-elastic equations illustrate that an important manifestation of WIFF arises in the presence of fracture connectivity. The corresponding energy loss, which can be significant for both P- and S-waves, is mainly due to fluid flow within the connected fractures and is sensitive to the permeabilities as well as the lengths and intersection angles of the fractures. Correspondingly, this phenomenon contains valuable information on the governing hydraulic properties of fractured rocks and hence should be accounted for whenever realistic seismic models of such media are needed. | J.German Rubino Beatriz Quintal Tobias M.Muller Luis Guarracino Ralf Janicke Holger Steeb Klaus Holliger | 2015 | Journal of Earth Science2015，26，6： | 5 |
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