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| 1 | Split-dose vs same-day reduced-volume polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution for morning colonoscopy显示文摘AIM:To compare same-day whole-dose vs split-dose of 2-litre polyethylene glycol electrolyte lavage solution(PEG-ELS)plus bisacodyl for colon cleansing for morning colonoscopy.METHODS:Consecutive adult patients undergoing morning colonoscopy were allocated into two groups i.e.,same-day whole-dose or split-dose of 2-litre PEGELS.Investigators and endoscopists were blinded to the allocation.All patients completed a questionnaire that was designed by Aronchick and colleagues to assess the tolerability of the bowel preparation regime used.In addition,patients answered an ordinal fivevalue Likert scale question on comfort level during bowel preparation.Endoscopists graded the quality of bowel preparation using the Boston bowel preparation scale(BBPS).In addition,endoscopists gave an overall grading of the quality of bowel preparation.Cecal intu-bation time,withdrawal time,total colonoscopy time,adenoma detection rate and number of adenomas detected for each patient were recorded.Sample size was calculated using an online calculator for binary outcome non-inferiority trial.Analyses was based upon intent-to-treat.Significance was assumed at P-value<0.05.RESULTS:Data for 295 patients were analysed.Mean age was 62.0±14.4 years old and consisted of 50.2%male.There were 143 and 152 patients in the split-dose and whole-dose group,respectively.Splitdose was as good as whole-dose for quality of bowel preparation.The total BBPS score was as good in the split-dose group compared to the whole-dose group[6(6-8)vs 6(6-7),P=0.038].There was no difference in cecal intubation rate,cecal intubation time,withdrawal time,total colonoscopy time and adenoma detection rate.Median number of adenoma detected was marginally higher in the split-dose group[2(1-3)vs 1(1-2),P=0.010].Patients in the whole-dose group had more nausea(37.5%vs 25.2%,P=0.023)and vomiting(16.4%vs 8.4%,P=0.037),and were less likely to complete the bowel preparation(94.1%vs 99.3%,P=0.020).Patients in the split-dose group were less likely to refuse the same bowel preparation regime(6.3%vs 13.8%,P=0.033)and less likely to want to try another bowel preparation regime(53.8%vs 78.9%,P<0.001).CONCLUSION:Splitting reduced-volume PEG-ELS for morning colonoscopy is as effective as taking the whole dose on the same morning but is better tolerated and preferred by patients. | Wah-Kheong Chan Najib Azmi Sanjiv Mahadeva Khean-Lee Goh | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，39： | 7 |
| 2 | Gut microbiota profile in healthy Indonesians显示文摘BACKGROUND Recently, gut microbiota has been associated with various diseases other than intestinal disease. Thus, there has been rapid growth in the study of gut microbiota. Considering the numerous factors influencing gut microbiota such as age, diet, etc., area-based research is required. Indonesia has numerous different tribes and each of these tribes have different lifestyles. Hence, it is expected that each tribe has a specific gut microbiota. A deeper insight into the composition of gut microbiota can be used to determine the condition of gut microbiota in Indonesians and to consider which treatment may be suitable and effective to improve health status.AIM To investigate the gut microbiota of Indonesian subjects represented by Javanese and Balinese tribes by analyzing fecal samples.METHODS Fecal samples were collected from a total of 80 individuals with 20 in each of the young groups ranging from 25-45 years and the elderly group aged 70 years or more from two different regions, Yogyakarta and Bali. Fecal sample collection was performed at the end of the assessment period(day 14 ± 1 d) during which time the subjects were not allowed to consume probiotic or antibiotic products.The quantification of various Clostridium subgroups, Lactobacillus subgroups,Enterococcus, Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Bacteroides fragilis group and Prevotella,Bifidobacterium and Atopobium cluster, Enterobacteriaceae and Pseudomonas was performed using the Yakult intestinal flora-scan(YIF-SCAN).RESULTS The bacterial population in younger subjects' feces was higher than that in the elderly population, with a total of approximately 10.0 – 10.6 log10 bacterial cells/g feces. The most abundant bacteria in all groups were Clostridium, followed by Prevotella, Atopobium, Bifidobacterium and Bacteroides. In the elderly, an increase in Enterobacteriaceae, Coliform and Escherichia coli was found. In terms of bacterial counts in Yogyakarta, total bacteria, Clostridium coccoides(C. coccoides) group,Bifidobacterium, Prevotella, Lactobacillus plantarum subgroup, and Streptococcus were significantly higher(P < 0.05) in younger than elderly subjects, while the Lactobacillus gasseri subgroup, Lactobacillus casei subgroup, and Lactobacillus reuteri subgroup counts were significantly lower(P < 0.05) in younger subjects. In Balinese subjects, total bacteria, C. coccoides group, Clostridium leptum subgroup,Bacteroides fragilis group, and Prevotella were significantly higher(P < 0.05) in younger compared to elderly individuals, while the Lactobacillus ruminis subgroup, and Enterobacteriaceae were significantly lower(P < 0.05) in younger subjects. The results also revealed that, besides the C. coccoides group and Clostridium leptum group being the most abundant gut microbiota in both Yogyakarta and Balinese people, the latter was indicated by a higher Clostridium perfringens count, which was almost 10 times that of Yogyakarta subjects. This may be a response to different lifestyles in the different tribes; however, this phenomenon requires further extensive study.CONCLUSION Bacterial populations were higher in younger than in elderly subjects. Most abundant bacterial groups were Clostridium, Prevotella, Atopobium, Bifidobacterium,and Bacteroides. The level of Clostridium perfringens in Yogyakarta subjects was lower than that in Balinese subjects. | Endang Sutriswati Rahayu Tyas Utami Mariyatun Mariyatun Pratama Nur Hasan Rafli Zulfa Kamil Ryan Haryo Setyawan Fathyah Hanum Pamungkaningtyas IskANDar Azmy Harahap Devin Varian Wiryohanjoyo Putrika Citta Pramesi Muhammad Nur Cahyanto I Nengah Sujaya Mohammad Juffrie | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，12： | 6 |
| 3 | Wilsons 疾病作为尖锐胰腺炎,胆管炎,和黄疸介绍的诊断挑战显示文摘 Wilson’s disease is a rare disorder of copper transport in hepatic cells,and may present as cholestatic liver disease;pancreatitis and cholangitis are rarely associated with Wilsons’s disease.Moreover,cases of Wilson s disease presenting as pigmented gallstone pancreatitis have not been reported in the literature.In the present report,we describe a case of a 37-year-old man who was admitted with jaundice and abdomina pain.The patient was diagnosed with acute pancreatitis,cholangitis,and obstructive jaundice caused by pigmented gallstones that were detected during retrograde cholangiopancreatography.However,because of his long-term jaundice and the presence of pigmented gallstones,the patient underwent further evaluation for Wilson’s disease,which was subsequently confirmed.This patient’s unique presentation exemplifies the overlap in the clinical and laboratory parameters of Wilson’s disease and cholestasis,and the difficulties associated with their differentiation.It suggests thatWilson’s disease should be considered in patients with pancreatitis,cholangitis,and severe protracted jaundice caused by pigmented gallstones. | Elchanan Nussinson Azmi Shahbari Fahmi Shibli Elena Chervinsky Philippe Trougouboff Arie Markel | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，11： | 5 |
| 4 | 急性视神经炎后视神经功能与视觉诱发电位的研究(英文)显示文摘目的:比较视神经炎患者和正常人的视神经功能与视觉诱发电位。方法:本研究为2011年9月至2013年2月在马来西亚大学眼科医院进行的横断面研究。研究包含在检查前3mo至2y间发生特发性神经炎一次的视神经炎患者20例和10例正常人。眼科检查包括视力、色觉、视觉灵敏度、视野和视觉诱发电位。独立t检验用于比较视神经炎组与对照组视神经功能和VEP参数的差异。在参数非正态分布时,Mann-Whitney试验用于比较两组间的中位数。结果:视神经炎组的平均年龄为30.8岁。在视神经炎发作至评估期间的平均持续时间为6.6个月。视神经炎组视力较差,平均LogM AR值(0.52)明显高于对照组(P=0.001)。色觉下降,视神经炎组的平均值为63%(P=0.001)。视神经炎患者的对比敏感度在四个空间频率上均有所下降[3CPD(P=0.029),6CPD(P=0.026),12CPD(P=0.002)、18CPD(P=0.006)]。视神经炎组的视野下降有统计学意义(P<0.001)。与对照组相比,视神经炎组的VEP P100潜伏期有轻微延长。但使用棋盘格模式1或2时,VEP潜伏期的差异不显著。视神经炎患者的VEP振幅较高,但两组差异无统计学意义。结论:视神经炎急性发作,平均6mo后视神经功能(即视力、色觉、对比敏感度和视野)显著下降。视神经炎组和对照组的VEP振幅和潜伏期无显著差异。VEP可能不是理想的诊断视神经炎既往发作史的试验,尽管VEP参数在浮动后趋于正常。 | Evelyn Tai Li Min Ng Seok Hui Jakiyah Daud Raja Azmi Mohd Noor Wan-Hazabbah Wan Hitam | 2017 | 国际眼科杂志2017，17，5： | 5 |
| 5 | 小搅拌针形状对搅拌摩擦焊6061铝合金显微组织和力学性能的影响(英文)显示文摘研究小搅拌针形状对6061铝合金搅拌摩擦焊接头的显微组织和力学性能的影响。采用3种不同形状的搅拌针:螺纹锥形圆柱形(T1)、三角形(T2)和正方形(T3)。结果表明:不同形状的搅拌针会显著地影响焊接接头的性能。相对于使用其他形状的搅拌针,使用三角形搅拌针能获得最好的冶金和力学焊接性能。此外,使用正方形搅拌针制备的搅拌摩擦焊接头具有最低的拉伸强度和显微硬度。更小的搅拌针形状和轴肩直径导致热影响区域变窄和一定程度的软化。断口分析结果表明,不同形状的搅拌针焊接也能影响接头。断裂面显示三角形搅拌针制备的样品在拉伸试验中以韧性断裂形式失效,而在用其他形状的搅拌针(T1和T2)制备的接头中观察到了脆性断裂。 | H.I.DAWOOD Kahtan S.MOHAMMED Azmi RAHMAT M.B.UDAY | 2015 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2015，25，9： | 5 |
| 6 | Analysis of the high-temperature dry sliding behavior of CoCrFeNiTi0.5Alx high-entropy alloys显示文摘In this study,CoCrFeNiTi0.5Alx high‐entropy alloys were produced by induction melting and their dry sliding wear behavior was examined at different temperatures.In addition to face‐centered cubic(FCC)phases,low amounts of a tetragonal phase were detected in the microstructures of alloys without Al and microscratches were formed by wear particles on the worn surfaces of the alloy specimens.Two body‐centered cubic(BCC)phases were detected in the alloy with 0.5Al and a fatigue‐related extrusion wear mechanism was detected on the worn surface.The alloy specimen with a high Al content exhibited the best wear characteristics.No wear tracks were formed in single‐phase BCC intermetallic alloys at room temperature and they exhibited a higher wear strength at high temperatures when compared to other samples. | Azmi ERDOGAN Mustafa Sabri GOK Sakin ZEYTIN | 2020 | Friction2020，8，1： | 5 |
| 7 | Performance assessment of an inline horizontal swirl tube cyclone for gas-liquid separation at high pressure显示文摘The application of swirl tube cyclone for gas-liquid separation is attractive due to its small size and weight. However, very scarce information on the performance of the swirl tube cyclone especially at high operating pressure emulating actual field condition was published in journals. Performance assessment was usually done at a low operating pressure using either air-water, air-fine particle mixtures or dense gas such as SF6 . This paper fills the existing gaps and reports the initial findings on the performance assessment of a horizontal swirl tube cyclone for gas-liquid separation operating at a flow rate of 5 MMSCFD at 40-60 bar operating pressure. | Nurhayati Mellon Azmi M. Shariff | 2011 | Journal of Natural Gas Chemistry2011，20，6： | 4 |
| 8 | Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors: Therapeutic challenges and research limitations显示文摘Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors(PNETs)are known to be the second most common epithelial malignancy of the pancreas.PNETs can be listed among the slowest growing as well as the fastest growing human cancers.The prevalence of PNETs is deceptively low;however,its incidence has significantly increased over the past decades.According to the American Cancer Society’s estimate,about 4032(>7%of all pancreatic malignancies)individuals will be diagnosed with PNETs in 2020.PNETs often cause severe morbidity due to excessive secretion of hormones(such as serotonin)and/or overall tumor mass.Patients can live for many years(except for those patients with poorly differentiated G3 neuroendocrine tumors);thus,the prevalence of the tumors that is the number of patients actually dealing with the disease at any given time is fairly high because the survival is much longer than pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma.Due to significant heterogeneity,the management of PNETs is very complex and remains an unmet clinical challenge.In terms of research studies,modest improvements have been made over the past decades in the identification of potential oncogenic drivers in order to enhance the quality of life and increase survival for this growing population of patients.Unfortunately,the majority of systematic therapies approved for the management of advanced stage PNETs lack objective response or at most result in modest benefits in survival.In this review,we aim to discuss the broad challenges associated with the management and the study of PNETs. | Gabriel Benyomo Mpilla Philip Agop Philip Bassel El-Rayes Asfar Sohail Azmi | 2020 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2020，26，28： | 4 |
| 9 | Fiber Laser Based Hydrophone Systems显示文摘我们报导我们分布式的反馈纤维激光上的最近的工作基于水中听音器。与敏感有关的一些问题例如纤维激光阶段状况,解调,并且包装,也被讨论。与适当数字信号处理(DSP ) 的发展技术和包装图案,一种 interferometric 类型散布了反馈(DFB ) 有 58.0 dB 敳獲? 慥档攠慮汢湩 ? 楤晦牥湥 ? 慭整楲污瀠潲散獳湩 ?敲楧敭 s | Asrul Izam AZMI Ian LEUNG Xiaobao CHEN Shaoling ZHOU Qing ZHU Kan GAO Paul CHILDS Gangding PENG | 2011 | Photonic Sensors2011，1，3： | 3 |
| 10 | Bilateral atypical optic neuritis associated with tuberculosis in an immunocompromised patient显示文摘A 27 year-old lady,presented with sudden loss of vision in the right eve tor a week.It was followed In poor vision in the left eye alter 3 days.It involved the whole entire visual field and was associated with pain on eye movement.She was diagnosed to have miliary tuberculosis and retroviral disease 4 months ago.She was started on anti-TB since then but defaulted highly active anti-retroviral therapy(HAART).On examination.her visual acuity was no perception of light in the right eye and 6/120(pinhole 3/60) in the lelt eye.Anterior segment in both eyes was unremarkable.Funduscopy showed bilateral optic disc swelling with presence ot multiple foci of choroiditis in the peripheral retina.The vitreous and relinal vessels were normal.Chest radiography was normal.CT scan of orbit and brain revealed bilateral enhancement of the optic nerve sheath that suggest the diagnosis of bilateral atypical optic neuritis.This patient was managed with infectious disease team.She was started on HAART and anti-TB treatment was continued.She completed anti-TB treatment alter 9 months without any serious side effects.During follow up the visual acuity in both eyes was not improved.However.funduscopy showed resolving ol disc swelling and choroiditis following treatment. | Juanarita Jaafar Wan Hazabbah Wan Hitam Raja Azmi Mohd Noor | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，7： | 3 |
| 11 | Quantitative analysis of cefixime via complexation with palladium(Ⅱ) in pharmaceutical formulations by spectrophotometry显示文摘An optimized and validated spectrophotometric method has been developed for the determination of cefixime in pharmaceutical formulations. The method is based on the complexation reaction between cefixime and palladium ion in the presence of acidic buffer solution (pH 3) in ethanol-distilled water medium at room temperature. The complex absorbed maximally at 352 nm. Beer's law is obeyed in the working concentration range of 2.5-35 μg/mL with apparent molar absorptivity of 1.015×104L/mol cm and Sandell's sensitivity of 0.001 μg/cm2 /0.001 absorbance unit. The limits of detection and quantitation for the proposed method are 0.175 and 0.583 μg/mL, respectively. The effect of common excipients used as additives has been studied in the determination of cefixime. The proposed method has been successfully applied for the determination of cefixime in pharmaceutical formulations. The results obtained by the proposed method were statistically compared with the reference method using t and F values and found no significant difference between the two methods. | Syed Najmul Hejaz Azmi Bashir Iqbal Nada Said Hassan Al-Humaimi Iman Rashid Saif Al-Salmani Noora Ali Saad Al-Ghafri Nafisur Rahman | 2013 | Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis2013，3，4： | 3 |
| 12 | Dengue related maculopathy and foveolitis显示文摘A 24 year-old Malay lady presented with high grade fever,myalgia,generalized rashes,severe headache and was positive for dengue serology test.Her lowest platelet count was 45×10~9 cells/L.She complained of sudden onset of painlessness,profound loss of vision bilaterally 7 days after the onset of fever.On examination,her right eye best corrected vision was 6/30 and left eye was6/120.Her anterior segment examination was unremarkable.Funduscopy revealed there were multiple retinal haemorrhages found at posterior pole of both fundi and elevation at fovea area with subretinal fluid.Systemic examination revealed normal findings except for residual petechial rashes.She was managed conservatively.Her vision improved tremendously after 2 months.The retinal hemorrhages and foveal elevation showed sign of resolving.Ocular manifestations following dengue fever is rare.However,bilateral visual loss can occur if both fovea arc involved. | Jaafar Juanarita Mohd Noor Raja Azmi Yaakub Azhany Ahmad Tajudin Liza-Sharmini | 2012 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2012，2，9： | 3 |
| 13 | 超音速火焰喷涂与激光重熔Al_(0.2)CrFeNi(Co,Cu)合金的干滑动磨损及氧化性能对比研究显示文摘用超音速火焰喷涂(HVOF)法在316L不锈钢基体上沉积Al_(0.2)CrFeNiCo和Al_(0.2)CrFeNiCu两种高熵合金涂层,然后对涂层进行激光重熔(LR)以改善其显微组织。研究LR工艺对涂层干滑动磨损和氧化行为的影响。结果表明,将粉末与单体元素混合导致HVOF涂层中形成内氧化物。LR消除了氧化物和气孔。LR后,两种合金中均以FCC相为主,而在Al_(0.2)CrFeNiCo合金中观察到BCC、sigma和Cr2O3相。HVOF后,Al_(0.2)CrFeNiCo和Al_(0.2)CrFeNiCu涂层的硬度分别为HV 591和HV 361。LR后,其硬度分别减小到HV 259和HV 270。与其他样品相比,虽然HVOF涂层受载荷增加的影响最大,但其表现出最高的耐磨性,且基体的耐磨性最差。氧化实验后,HVOF涂层被完全氧化,氧化50h后涂层因其多孔结构从基体上脱落。LR涂层具有较好的抗氧化性能。氧化实验后,Al_(0.2)CrFeNiCo涂层主要由Cr2O3氧化层组成,Cr2O3氧化层在氧化实验后期的生长速度较慢,而Al_(0.2)CrFeNiCu涂层则主要由尖晶石相组成。 | Azmi ERDOGAN Kadir Mert DOLEKER | 2021 | Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China2021，31，8： | 3 |
| 14 | Identification of naphthalene metabolism by white rot fungus Armillaria sp.F022显示文摘Armillaria sp.F022,a white rot fungus isolated from tropical rain forest(Samarinda,Indonesia) was used to biodegrade naphthalene in cultured medium.Transformation of naphthalene by Armillaria sp.F022 which is able to use naphthalene,a two ring-polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon(PAH) as a source of carbon and energy was investigated.The metabolic pathway was elucidated by identifying metabolites,biotransformation studies and monitoring enzyme activities in cell-free extracts.The identification of metabolites suggests that Armillaria sp.F022 initiates its attack on naphthalene by dioxygenation at its C-1 and C-4 positions to give 1,4-naphthoquinone.The intermediate 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde and salicylic acid,and the characteristic of the meta-cleavage of the resulting diol were identified in the long-term incubation.A part from typical metabolites of naphthalene degradation known from mesophiles,benzoic acid was identified as the next intermediate for the naphthalene pathway of this Armillaria sp.F022.Neither phthalic acid,catechol and cis,cis-muconic acid metabolites were detected in culture extracts.Several enzymes(manganese peroxidase,lignin peroxidase,laccase,1,2-dioxygenase and 2,3-dioxygenase) produced by Armillaria sp.F022 were detected during the incubation. | Tony Hadibarata Abdull Rahim Mohd Yusoff Azmi Aris Risky Ayu Kristanti | 2012 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2012，24，4： | 3 |
| 15 | Thermal analysis of a constructal T-shaped porous fin with simultaneous heat and mass transfer显示文摘The present work establishes an analytical model for computing the temperature distribution, fin efficiency and optimum design parameters of a constructal T-shaped porous fin operating in fully wet condition. For more practical results, this study considers a cubic polynomial relationship between the humidity ratio of saturated air and the corresponding fin surface temperature. The temperature distribution has been determined by solving the highly non-linear governing equations using a semi-analytical transformation technique called Differential Transform Method. A comparison of the results with that of a numerical model shows that this transformation method is a very efficient and convenient tool for solution of non-linear problems. The effects of various geometric, thermo-physical and psychometric parameters on the temperature distribution, fin efficiency and optimum design condition have been investigated. Also, a comparison has been presented between solid and porous fins and the results point out that by selecting an appropriate value of porosity, the heat transfer rate can be increased than the corresponding solid fin. | Saheera Azmi Hazarika Tuhin Deshamukhya Dipankar Bhanja Sujit Nath | 2017 | Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering2017，25，9： | 3 |
| 16 | Hepatitis C and kidney disease:An overview and approach to management显示文摘Hepatitis C infection and chronic kidney disease are major health burden worldwide. Hepatitis C infection is associated with a wide range of extra-hepatic manifestations in various organs including the kidneys. A strong association between hepatitis C and chronickidney disease has come to light. Hemodialysis in supporting the end stage renal disease patients unfortunately carries a risk for hepatitis C infection. Despite much improvement in the care of this group of patients,the prevalence of hepatitis C infection in hemodialysis patients is still higher than the general population. Hepatitis C infection has a negative effect on the survival of hemodialysis and renal transplant patients. Treatment of hepatitis C in end stage renal disease patients using conventional or pegylated interferon with or without ribavirin remains a clinical challenge with low response rate,high dropout rate due to poor tolerability and many unmet needs. The approval of new direct acting antiviral agents for hepatitis C may dramatically change the treatment approach in hepatitis C infected patients with mild to moderate renal impairment. However it remains to be confirmed if the newer Hepatitis C therapies are safe in individuals with severe renal impairment. This review article discusses the relationship between hepatitis C and chronic kidney disease,describe the various types of renal diseases associated with hepatitis C and the newer as well as the existing treatments for hepatitis C in the context of this subpopulation of hepatitis C patients. | Ahmad Najib Azmi Soek-Siam Tan Rosmawati Mohamed | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Practical approach in hepatitis b e antigen-negative individuals to identify treatment candidates显示文摘The natural history of chronic hepatitis B is characterized by different phases of infection,and patients may evolve from one phase to another or may revert to a previous phase.The hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg)-negative form is the predominant infection worldwide,which consists of individuals with a range of viral replication and liver disease severity.Although alanine transaminase(ALT)remains the most accessible test available to clinicians for monitoring the liver disease status,further evaluations are required for some patients to assess if treatment is warranted.Guidance from practice guidelines together with thorough investigations and classifications of patients ensure recognition of who needs which level of care.This article aims to assist physicians in the assessment of HBeAgnegative individuals using liver biopsy or non-invasive tools such as hepatitis B s antigen quantification and transient elastography in addition to ALT and hepatitis B virus DNA,to identify who will remain stable,who will reactivate or at risk of disease progression hence will benefit from timely initiation of anti-viral therapy. | Ahmad Najib Azmi Soek-Siam Tan Rosmawati Mohamed | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，34： | 2 |
| 18 | Measurement of Forces and Torques during Non-Homogeneous Material Drilling Operation显示文摘 | Mohd Hazny Aziz Muhammad Azmi Ayub Roseleena Jaafar | 2011 | Journal of Mechanics Engineering and Automation2011，1，2： | 2 |
| 19 | 马来西亚视神经萎缩的临床特点及病因(英文)显示文摘目的:研究在马来西亚非青光眼视神经萎缩的病因及临床特点。方法:一系列回顾性的研究分析马来西亚理科大学校医院眼诊所在2007/2011年间被诊断为非青光眼视神经萎缩的患者。至少随访1a。评估这些患者的医疗记录及汇编调查结果。结果:100例患者符合选择标准,56%的患者双眼都参与研究。主要症状为视力模糊(61%),除了视力模糊外还出现神经方面病症(18%),视野狭窄(9%)。大多数患者(63%)患眼视力下降到3/60以下。主要的病因是颅内占位性病变(26%),先天性疾病(13%),脑积水(12%),创伤(12%)及血管因素(12%)。对大多数患者(67%)采用保守治疗。不管其病因,视神经萎缩都伴有不同程度的视功能障碍。随访1a后,50%的患者出现不同程度的视觉障碍。结论:视神经萎缩主要的病因是颅内占位性病变,其次分别是先天性疾病,创伤和血管疾病。在诊断之前常常就出现视觉和神经上的症状,而疾病显著地影响着视力的变化。为了早期诊断视神经萎缩,当视力模糊的主诉为非特异性时,应该高度怀疑本病。 | Evelyn Tai Li Min Jessica Mani Penny Tevara Zunaina Embong Raja Azmi Mohd Noor Wan-Hazabbah Wan Hitam | 2014 | 国际眼科杂志2014，14，2： | 2 |
| 20 | Hepatitis C virus transmission and its risk factors within families of patients infected with hepatitis C virus in southern Iran:Khuzestan显示文摘AIM: To determine whether hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection of index cases increases intrafamilial transmission (sexual and nonsexual contacts) of HCV. METHODS: In a case-control descriptive study we enrolled 300-household contacts of 60 index cases (40 males and 20 females) of HCV infection and 360 pair- matched controls in Ahwaz JundiShapour University Hospitals from August 1, 1998 to September 1, 2003. The control group consisted of first time blood donors referred to the Regional Blood Transfusion Organization. Serum samples and demographic data and a medical history including the existence of risk factors for HCV (after a questionnaire on the risk factors for parenteral exposure) were obtained from each subject. Antibodies to HCV were detected employing a commercially available second-generation enzyme immunoassay (EIA, Abbott Ⅱ). Positive serum specimens were retested using a second-generation recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA-2) and a polymerase chain reaction for HCV RNA. Data analysis was carried out for intra-household clustering. RESULTS: Only 4 of 300 (1.33%) cases of household contacts without percutaneous risk factors were positive for HCV Ab while the remaining 296 family contacts were negative for anti-HCV. The mean age of the index cases was 28.4 (Std 15.22) years. The anti-HCV prevalences in parents, spouses, children of the index cases were 0.87% (1/115), 3.39% (2/59)) and 0.79% (1/126), respectively. Among couple partners negative for anti-HCV antibodies, the mean duration of the sexual relationship was 6 years.The two-couple partners positive for anti-HCV antibodies married the index cases for longer than 15 years. The prevalence of positive HCV Ab among household contacts (1.33%) was not significantly higher than that in the controls (1%) (P > 0.06). CONCLUSION: Intrafamilial transmission of HCV is not the significant transmission route and sexual transmission does not seem to play a role in the intrafamilial spread of HCV infection. Intrafamilial transmission of HCV is possible but occurs at a low rate. | Eskandar Hajiani Rahim Masjedizadeh Jalal Hashemi Mehrdad Azmi Tahereh Rajabi | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，43： | 2 |
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