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| 1 | 帕博利珠单抗(pembrolizumab)与化疗治疗微卫星不稳定性高/错配修复缺陷型转移性结直肠癌的比较:KEYNOTE-177的3期研究显示文摘背景:KEYNOTE-177 (NCT02563002)是一项3期随机、开放标签的临床研究,评估了帕博利珠单抗与标准化疗±贝伐珠单抗或西妥昔单抗作为微卫星不稳定性高/错配修复缺陷(MSI-H/d MMR)型转移性结直肠癌患者一线治疗的效果和安全性。本次公布了终期PFS分析的结果。方法:共有307名由当地医疗机构评判的MSI-H/d MMR且ECOG PS评分为0或1的转移性结直肠癌患者按1:1比例随机分组接受治疗,治疗方案为一线帕博利珠单抗(200 mg,Q3W,最长治疗时限为2年),或为研究者所选择的化疗方案,包括m FOLFOX6或FOLFIRI Q2W±贝伐珠单抗或西妥昔单抗(随机选择化疗方案)。治疗终止于出现PD、无法耐受的毒性、患者/研究者决定退出治疗或完成35个周期治疗(仅对于帕博利珠单抗而言)。确诊PD后,接受化疗组患者可转入帕博利珠单抗组并接受最长为35个周期的治疗。主要终点是PFS (RECIST v1.1,中心审查)和OS。主要的次要终点包括ORR (RECIST v1.1,中心审查)和安全性。该中期分析的数据截止日期是2020年2月19日。该研究仍将继续随访评估OS。结果:截止数据纳入时,153名患者被随机分至帕博利珠单抗组,154名患者被随机分至化疗组。帕博利珠单抗组的中位随访为28.4个月(0.2~48.3个月),化疗组为27.2个月(0.8~46.6个月)。帕博利珠单抗组PFS优于化疗组(中位时间16.5个月vs. 8.2个月;HR=0.60,95%CI:0.45~0.80,P=0.0002)。帕博利珠单抗组的12个月和24个月PFS率分别为55.3%和48.3%,化疗组则相应分别为37.3%和18.6%。帕博利珠单抗组与化疗组经确认的ORR分别为43.8%与33.1%;帕博利珠单抗组与化疗组中位持续反应时间分别为未达到(2.3+~41.4+个月)和10.6个月(2.8~37.5+个月)。帕博利珠单抗组3~5级与治疗相关的不良事件(AE)发生率为22%,化疗组为66%。化疗组中有1例患者因治疗相关的AE死亡。结论:与化疗相比,帕博利珠单抗作为MSI-H/d MMR型转移性结直肠癌的一线治疗可提供具有临床意义和统计学意义的PFS获益,同时观察到较少的与治疗相关的AE,应该成为这类患者的新的标准治疗方案。 | 陈功 ANDRé T SHIU K K KIM T W | 2020 | 结直肠肛门外科2020，26，6： | 15 |
| 2 | Mapping aboveground biomass and its prediction uncertainty using LiDAR and field data, accounting for tree-level allometric and LiDAR model errors显示文摘Background: The increasing availability of remotely sensed data has recently challenged the traditional way of performing forest inventories, and induced an interest in model-based inference. Like traditional design-based inference, model-based inference allows for regional estimates of totals and means, but in addition for wall-to-wall mapping of forest characteristics. Recently Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)-based maps of forest attributes have been developed in many countries and been well received by users due to their accurate spatial representation of forest resources. However, the correspondence between such mapping and model-based inference is seldom appreciated. In this study we applied hierarchical model-based inference to produce aboveground biomass maps as well as maps of the corresponding prediction uncertainties with the same spatial resolution. Further, an estimator of mean biomass at regional level, and its uncertainty, was developed to demonstrate how mapping and regional level assessment can be combined within the framework of model-based inference.Results: Through a new version of hierarchical model-based estimation, allowing models to be nonlinear, we accounted for uncertainties in both the individual tree-level biomass models and the models linking plot level biomass predictions with LiDAR metrics. In a 5005 km2 large study area in south-central Sweden the predicted aboveground biomass at the level of 18 m×18 m map units was found to range between 9 and 447 Mg·ha^-1. The corresponding root mean square errors ranged between 10 and 162 Mg·ha^-1. For the entire study region, the mean aboveground biomass was 55 Mg·ha^-1 and the corresponding relative root mean square error 8%. At this level 75%of the mean square error was due to the uncertainty associated with tree-level models.Conclusions: Through the proposed method it is possible to link mapping and estimation within the framework of model-based inference. Uncertainties in both tree-level biomass models and models linking plot level biomass with LiDAR data are accounted for, both for the uncertainty maps and the overall estimates. The development of hierarchical model-based inference to handle nonlinear models was an important prerequisite for the study. | Svetlana Saarela AndréWästlund Emma Holmström Alex Appiah Mensah Sören Holm Mats Nilsson Jonas Fridman Göran Ståhl | 2020 | Forest Ecosystems2020，7，3： | 3 |
| 3 | D-MELD risk capping improves post-transplant and overall mortality under markov microsimulation显示文摘AIM: To hypothesize that the product of calculated Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score excluding exception points and donor age(D-MELD) risk capping ± Rule 14 could improve post liver transplant and overall survival after listing.METHODS: Probabilities derived from the United Network for Organ Sharing database between 2002 and 2004 were used to simulate potential outcomes for all patients listed for transplantation. The Markov simula-tion was then modified by screening matches using a 1200 or 1600 D-MELD risk cap ± allowing transplants for Model for End-Stage Liver Disease(MELD) ≤ 14(Rule 14). The differential impact of the rule changes was assessed.RESULTS: The Markov simulation accurately reproduced overall and post transplant survival. A 1200 D-MELD risk cap improved post-transplant survival. Both the 1200 and 1600 risk caps improved overall survival for waitlisted patients. The addition of Rule 14 further improved post transplant and overall survival by redistribution of donor livers to recipients in higher MELD subgroups. The mechanism for improved overall and post-transplant survival after listing was due to shifting a larger percentage of transplants to the moderate MELD score subgroup(MELD 15-29) while also ensuring that high MELD recipients have livers of high quality to achieve excellent post transplant survival.CONCLUSION: A 1200 D-MELD risk cap + Rule 14 provided the greatest overall benefit primarily by focusing liver transplantation towards the moderate MELD recipient. | Jeffrey B Halldorson Robert L Carithers Jr Renuka Bhattacharya Ramasamy Bakthavatsalam Iris W Liou Andre A Dick Jorge D Reyes James D Perkins | 2014 | World Journal of Transplantation2014，4，3： | 2 |
| 4 | A Comparison of Gas and Water显示文摘 | Miehaeli W Andre B Pohl T | 1999 | Kunststoffe Plast Europe1999，89，9： | 1 |
| 5 | The comparison of RFLP, RAPD, AFLP and SSR (microsatellite) markers forgermplasm analysis显示文摘 | Powell W Morgante M Andre C etal | 1996 | Molecular Breeding1996，2，： | 1 |
| 6 | Ras family small GTPase-mediated neuroprotective signaling in stroke显示文摘 | Shi GX Andres DA Cai W | 2011 | Cent Nerv Syst Agents Med Chem2011，11，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Thermal Effects Liquid Oxygen Hydrostatic Journal Bearings 显示文摘 | Zhou Yang Luis San Andres Dara W Childs | 1996 | Tribology transactions1996，39，： | 1 |
| 8 | Endoscopic third ven- tricu-lostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus 显示文摘 | Hellwig D Andres J Triakotai W | 2005 | Neurosurg Rev2005，28，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Arc -discharge ion sources for heavy ion fusion显示文摘 | ANDRE JOE W KWAN | 2001 | Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research2001，，： | 1 |
| 10 | Separation of ownership from control and acquiring firm performance : The case of family ownership in Canada显示文摘 | Ben-Amar W Andre P | 2006 | Journal of Business Finance and Accounting2006，33，34： | 1 |
| 11 | The comparison of RFLP, RAPD, AFLP and SSR (microsatellite) markers for germplasm analysis 显示文摘 | POWELL W MORGANTE M ANDRE C | 1999 | Molecular Breeding1999，2，3： | 1 |
| 12 | Cone-Beam computed tomography evaluation of maxillary expansion in twins with cleft lip and palate显示文摘 | Luciane MM Fabiane A André W | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 13 | Improvement of induction generator stability using braking resistors显示文摘 | Walmir F Andre M Xu W | 2004 | IEEE Trans on Power Systems2004，19，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Stable states in relation to grazing in Patagonia:H 10-year experimental trial显示文摘 | GABRIEJ W OLIVA ANDRES C | 1998 | Jonmal of Arid Environment1998，40，： | 1 |
| 15 | Human neural stem cells enhance structural plasticity and axonal transport in the ischaemic brain显示文摘 | Andres RH Horie N Slikker W | 2011 | Brain2011，134，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Active contour models显示文摘 | MICHAEL K ANDRE W DEMETRI T | 1987 | International Journal of Computer Vision1987，1，4： | 1 |
| 17 | The presence of a lipid oxidase insoybean Glycine soya显示文摘 | Andre E Hou K W | 1932 | CR Acad Sci (Paris)1932，194，： | 1 |
| 18 | Theoretical and Experimental Comparisons for Rotordynamic Coefficients of a High-Speed, High-Pressure, Orifice-Compensated Hybrid Bearing显示文摘 | Franchek N M Childs D W San Andres L | 1995 | Journal of Tribology1995，117，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Hypervariable mierosatellites provide a general source of polymorphic DNA markers for the chloroplast genome显示文摘 | POWELL W MORGANTE M ANDRE C | 1995 | Curr Biol1995，，5： | 1 |
| 20 | The comparison of FLP, RAPD, AFLP and SSR ( microsatellite ) markers for germplasm analysis 显示文摘 | Powell W Morgante M Andre C | 1996 | Molecular Breeding1996，2，3： | 1 |
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