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| 1 | Identification of ta-siRNAs and Cis-nat-siRNAs in Cassava and Their Roles in Response to Cassava Bacterial Blight显示文摘Trans-acting small interfering RNAs (ta-siRNAs) and natural cis-antisense siRNAs (cis-nat-siRNAs) are recently discovered small RNAs (sRNAs) involved in post-transcriptional gene silencing. ta-siRNAs are transcribed from genomic loci and require processing by microRNAs (miRNAs). cis-nat-siRNAs are derived from antisense RNAs produced by the simultaneous transcription of overlapping antisense genes. Their roles in many plant processes, including pathogen response, are mostly unknown. In this work, we employed a bioinformatic approach to identify ta-siRNAs and cis-nat-siRNAs in cassava from two sRNA libraries, one constructed from healthy cassava plants and one from plants inoculated with the bacterium Xanthomonas axonopodis pv.manihotis (Xam). A total of 54 possible ta-siRNA loci were identified in cassava, including a homolog of TAS3, the best studied plant ta-siRNA. Fifteen of these loci were induced, while 39 were repressed in response to Xam infection. In addition, 15 possible cis-natural antisense transcript (cis-NAT) loci producing siRNAs were identified from overlapping antisense regions in the genome,and were found to be differentially expressed upon Xam infection. Roles of sRNAs were predicted by sequence complementarity and our results showed that many sRNAs identified in this work might be directed against various transcription factors. This work represents a significant step toward understanding the roles of sRNAs in the immune response of cassava. | Andrés Quintero Alvaro L. Pérez-Quintero Camilo López | 2013 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2013，11，3： | 4 |
| 2 | Immunotherapy and immunoescape in colorectal cancer显示文摘Immunotherapy encompasses a variety of interventions and techniques with the common goal of eliciting tumor cell destructive immune responses. Colorectal carcinoma often presents as metastatic disease that impedes curative surgery. Novel strategies such as active immunization with dendritic cells (DCs), gene transfer of cytokines into tumor cells or administration of immunostimulatory monoclonal antibodies (such as anti-CD137 or anti-CTLA-4) have been assessed in preclinical studies and are at an early clinical development stage. Importantly, there is accumulating evidence that chemotherapy and immunotherapy can be combined in the treatment of some cases with colorectal cancer, with synergistic potentiation as a result of antigens cross-presented by dendritic cells and/or elimination of competitor or suppressive T lymphocyte populations (regulatory T-cells). However, genetic and epigenetic unstable carcinoma cells frequently evolve mechanisms of immunoevasion that are the result of either loss of antigen presentation, or an active expression of immunosuppressive substances. Some of these actively immunosuppressive mechanisms are inducible by cytokines that signify the arrival of an effector immune response. For example, induction of 2, 3 indoleamine dioxygenase (IDO) by IFNγ in colorectal carcinoma cells. Combinational and balanced strategies fostering antigen presentation, T-cell costimulation and interference with immune regulatory mechanisms will probably take the stage in translational research in the treatment of colorectal carcinoma. | Guillermo Mazzolini Oihana Murillo Catalina Atorrasagasti Juan Dubrot Iigo Tirapu Miguel Rizzo Ainhoa Arina Carlos Alfaro Arantza Azpilicueta Carmen Berasain José L Perez-Gracia Alvaro Gonzalez Ignacio Melero | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，44： | 4 |
| 3 | Aplastic anemia and severe pancytopenia during treatment with peg-interferon,ribavirin and telaprevir for chronic hepatitis C显示文摘Telaprevir and Boceprevir are the first direct acting antivirals approved for chronic hepatitis C in combination with peg-interferon alfa and ribavirin.Pancytopenia due to myelotoxicity caused by these drugs may occur,but severe hematological abnormalities or aplastic anemia(AA) have not been described.We collected all cases of severe pancytopenia observed during triple therapy with telaprevir in four Spanish centers since approval of the drug in 2011.Among 142 cirrhotic patients receiving treatment,7 cases of severe pancytopenia(5%) were identified and three were consistent with the diagnosis of AA.Mean age was 59 years,five patients had compensated cirrhosis and two patients had severe hepatitis C recurrence after liver transplantation.Severe pancytopenia was diagnosed a median of 10 wk after the initiation of therapy.Three patients had pre-treatment hematological abnormalities related to splenomegaly.In six patients,antiviral treatment was interrupted at the onset of hematological abnormalities.Two patients died due to septic complications and one patient due to acute alveolar hemorrhage.The remaining patients recovered.Severe pancytopenia and especially AA,are not rare during triple therapy with telaprevir in patients with advanced liver disease.Close monitoring is imperative in this setting to promptly detect serious hematological disorders and to prevent further complications. | Sabela Lens Jose L Calleja Ana Campillo Jose A Carrion Teresa Broquetas Christie Perello Juan de la Revilla Zoe Marino Maria-Carlota Londono Jose M Sanchez-Tapias Alvaro Urbano-Ispizua Xavier Forns | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，17： | 4 |
| 4 | Corneal stem cells and tissue engineering: Current advances and future perspectives显示文摘Major advances are currently being made in regenerative medicine for cornea. Stem cell-based therapies represent a novel strategy that may substitute conventional corneal transplantation, albeit there aremany challenges ahead given the singularities of each cellular layer of the cornea. This review recapitulates the current data on corneal epithelial stem cells, corneal stromal stem cells and corneal endothelial cell progenitors. Corneal limbal autografts containing epithelial stem cells have been transplanted in humans for more than 20 years with great successful rates, and researchers now focus on ex vivo cultures and other cell lineages to transplant to the ocular surface. A small population of cells in the corneal endothelium was recently reported to have self-renewal capacity, although they do not proliferate in vivo. Two main obstacles have hindered endothelial cell transplantation to date: culture protocols and cell delivery methods to the posterior cornea in vivo. Human corneal stromal stem cells have been identified shortly after the recognition of precursors of endothelial cells. Stromal stem cells may have the potential to provide a direct cell-based therapeutic approach when injected to corneal scars. Furthermore, they exhibit the ability to deposit organized connective tissue in vitro and may be useful in corneal stroma engineering in the future. Recent advances and future perspectives in the field are discussed. | Aline Lütz de Araujo JoséAlvaro Pereira Gomes | 2015 | World Journal of Stem Cells2015，7，5： | 4 |
| 5 | Conservative management of perforated duodenal diverticulum: A case report and review of the literature显示文摘Duodenal diverticula are a relatively common condition. They are asymptomatic, unless they become complicated, with perforation being the rarest but most severe complication. Surgical treatment is the most frequently performed approach. We report the case of a patient with a perforated duodenal diverticulum, which was diagnosed early and treated conservatively with antibiotics and percutaneous drainage of secondary retroperitoneal abscesses. We suggest this method could be an acceptable option for the management of similar cases, provided that the patient is in good general condition and without septic signs. | David Martínez-Cecilia Alvaro Arjona Sánchez Manuel Gómez álvarez Eva Torres Tordera Antonio Luque Molina Victor Valentí Azcárate Javier Briceo Delgado Francisco Javier Padillo Pedro López-Cillero Sebastián Rufián Pea | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，12： | 2 |
| 6 | Multi-resonant frequency- locked loop for grid synchronization of power converters under distorted grid conditions显示文摘 | Pedro R Alvaro L I C | 2005 | Chinese Journal of Ra-dio Science2005，20，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Pathophysiologieal role and therapeutic implications of inflammation in dia- betic nephropathy显示文摘 | Luis-Rodriguez D Martinez-Castelao A Gorriz J L De- Alvaro F Navarro-Gonzalez J F | 2012 | World J Diabetes2012，3，： | 1 |
| 8 | Effect of Low-level Laser ( Ga-AlAs 655 nm) on Skeletal Muscle Fatigue Induced by Electrical Stimulation in Rats 显示文摘 | ALVARO R B LOPES-MARTINS RODRIGO L M | 2006 | J Appl Physiol2006，101，7： | 1 |
| 9 | Stroke among inpatients: retrospective analysis of a hospital series 显示文摘 | Alvaro L Timiraos J FreijoM | 2003 | Cerebrovasc Dis2003，16，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Giant versus small porphyry copper deposits of Cenozoic age in northern Chile: adakitic versus normal calc-alkaline magmatism显示文摘 | Roberto Oyarzun Alvaro Márquez Javier Lillo Ivan López Sergio Rivera | 2001 | Mineralium Deposita2001，，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Overtraining:theories,diagnosis and markers显示文摘 | GIOVANI S C JERRI L R ALVARO R O | 2006 | Rev Bras Med Esport2006，12，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Design and implementation of rock & roll:A deductive object-oriented database system显示文摘 | Maria L Barja Alvaro A A Fernandes Norman W Paton | 1995 | Information System1995，20，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Polyunsaturated fatty acids down-regulate in vitro expression of the key intestinal cholesterol absorption protein NPC1LI: no effect of monounsaturated nor saturated fatty acids显示文摘 | Alvaro A Rosales R Masana L | 2010 | J Nutr Biochem2010，21，： | 1 |
| 14 | Spatially-resolved EELS analysis of antibody distribution on biofunctionalized magnetic nanoparticles显示文摘 | Raul A Laura D M Laura C Alvaro M Marcel T Valeria G Jesus M D L F Clara M Ricardo 1 | 2013 | ACS Nano2013，7，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Fuzzy irrigation greenhouse control system based on a field programmable gate array显示文摘 | Domingo G M Alvaro L L Rilberto G H | 2011 | African Journal of Agricultural Research2011，6，13： | 1 |
| 16 | Gene expression polymor- phisms and ESTs associated with gravitropic response of subterranean branch meristems and growth habit in Leymus wildryes]显示文摘 | Parminder K Ivan W M Steven R L Bushman B S Alvaro G H Kim W R Liu L Mark A M | 2008 | Plant Science2008，175，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Invasive human pituitary tumors express a point-mutated alpha-protein kinase-C 显示文摘 | Alvaro V Levy L Drbray C | 1993 | J Clin Endocrinol Metab1993，77，5： | 1 |
| 18 | A novel process for recovery of fermentation-derived succinic acid显示文摘 | Alvaro O Abraham J Y Lars P B Carl T L Dennis J M | 2011 | Separation and Purification Technology2011，83，： | 1 |
| 19 | Differential patterns of lipid-protein association in fast and slow cholesterol nucleating human gallbladder biles: implications for cholesterol nucleation from biliary lipid carriers显示文摘 | Corradini SG Alvaro D Giacomelli L | 1991 | Biochim Biophys Acta1991，1086，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Tillage and cropping intensification effects on soil aggregation: Temporal dynamics and controlling factors under semiarid conditions显示文摘 | ALVARO F J ARRUE J L GRACIA R | 2008 | Geoderma2008，145，： | 1 |
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