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| 1 | An overview of animal models for investigating the pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies in acute hepatic failure显示文摘Acute hepatic failure (AHF) is a severe liver injury accompanied by hepatic encephalopathy which causes multiorgan failure with an extremely high mortality rate, even if intensive care is provided. Management of severe AHF continues to be one of the most challenging problems in clinical medicine. Liver transplantation has been shown to be the most effective therapy, but the procedure is limited by shortage of donor organs. Although a number of clinical trials testing different liver assist devices are under way, these systems alone have no significant effect on patient survival and are only regarded as a useful approach to bridge patients with AHF to liver transplantation. As a result, reproducible experimental animal models resembling the clinical conditions are still needed. The three main approaches used to create an animal model for AHF are: surgical procedures, toxic liver injury and infective procedures. Most common models are based on surgical techniques (total/partial hepatectomy, complete/transient devascularization) or the use of hepatotoxic drugs (acetaminophen, galactosamine, thioacetamide, and others), and very few satisfactory viral models are available. We have recently developed a viral model of AHF by means of the inoculation of rabbits with the virus of rabbit hemorrhagic disease. This model displays biochemical and histological characteristics, and clinical features that resemble those in human AHF. In the present article an overview is given of the most widely used animal models of AHF, and their main advantages and disadvantages are reviewed. | María Jesús Tuón Marcelino Alvarez Jesús M Culebras Javier González-Gallego | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，25： | 29 |
| 2 | Biliary tract schwannoma:A rare cause of obstructive jaundice in a young patient显示文摘Schwannoma is a tumor derived from Schwann cells which usually arises in the upper extremities, trunk, head and neck, retroperitoneum, mediastinum, pelvis, and peritoneum. However, it can arise in the gastro-intestinal tract, including biliary tract. We present a 24-year-old male patient with obstructive jaundice, whose investigation with computed tomography abdomen showed focal wall thickening in the common hepatic duct, difficult to differentiate with hilar adenocarcinoma. He was diagnosed intraoperatively schwannoma of common bile duct and treated with local resection. The patient recovered well without signs of recurrence of the lesion after 12 mo. We also reviewed the common bile duct schwannoma related in the literature and evaluated the difficulty in pre and intraoperative differential diagnosis with adenocarcinoma hilar. Resection is the treatment of choice for such cases and the tumordid not recur in any of the resected cases. | Gilton Marques Fonseca André Luis Montagnini Manoel de Souza Rocha Rosely Antunes Patzina Mário Vinícius Angelete Alvarez Bernardes Ivan Cecconello José Jukemura | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，37： | 10 |
| 3 | RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene analysis of worldwide Newcastle disease virus isolates representing different virulence types and their phylogenetic relationship with other members of the paramyxoviridae 显示文摘 | Wise M G Sellers H S Alvarez R | 2004 | Virus Res2004，104，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Fulminant necrotizing fasciitis due to Vibrio parahaemolyticus显示文摘 | Tena D Arias M Alvarez BT | 2010 | J Med Microbiol2010，59，2： | 1 |
| 5 | Prostaglandin E2 synergistically with interleukin-23 favors human Th17 expansion显示文摘 | Chizzolini C Chicheportiche R Alvarez M | 2008 | Blood2008，112，9： | 1 |
| 6 | X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy of amorphous AlN alloys prepared by reactive rf sputtering显示文摘 | RIBEIRO C T M ZANATTA A R ALVAREZ F | 2002 | Journal of Non-Crystalline Solids2002，，1： | 1 |
| 7 | Biodegradation of diesel fuel-contaminated wastewater using a three-phase fluidized bed reactor显示文摘 | Lohi A Alvarez C M Anania G | 2008 | Journal of Hazardous Materials2008，154，13： | 1 |
| 8 | Reactive oxygen interme- diates mediate a systemic signal network in the establishment of plant immunity显示文摘 | Alvarez M Pennell R Meijer P | 1998 | Cell1998，92，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Addition of ultralow dose naloxone to postoperative morphine PCA:unchanged analgesia and opioid requirement but decreased incidence of opioid side effects显示文摘 | Cepeda M S Alvarez H Morales 0 | 2004 | Pain2004，107，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Predictors of serum retinol in children with shigellosis 显示文摘 | MITRA A K ALVAREZ J O WAHED M A | 1998 | Am J Clin Nutr1998，68，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Prevention of gastrointestinal infection using immunobiological methods with milk fermented with Lactobacillus casei and Lactobacillus acidophillus显示文摘 | Perdigon G Macias M Alvarez S | 1990 | J Dairy Res1990，57，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Rhesus rotavirus-based quadrivalent vaccine is efficacious despite age, socioeconomic conditions and seasonality in Venezuela显示文摘 | Eglee Perez M Glass R Alvarez G | 2000 | Vaccine2000，19，78： | 1 |
| 13 | Recombinant Semaphorin6A-1 ectodomain inhibits in vivo growth factor and tumor cell line-induced angiogenesis显示文摘 | Dhanabal M Wu F Alvarez E | 2005 | Cancer Biol Ther2005，4，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Optimisation of freezing process with pressure steaming of potato tissues (CV Monalisa)显示文摘 | Alvarez M D Morillo M J Caner W | 1999 | J Sci Food Agric1999，79，： | 1 |
| 15 | Unraveling peroxynitrite formation in biological systems显示文摘 | Radi R Peluffo G Alvarez M N | 2001 | Free Radic Biol Med2001，30，5： | 1 |
| 16 | Cerebral hemodynamic reserve and early neurologic deterioration in acute ischemic stroke显示文摘 | Alvarez FJ Segura T Castellanos M | 2004 | J Cereb Blood Flow Metab2004，24，： | 1 |
| 17 | Characterization of liver histopathology in a transgenic mouse model expressing genotype I a hepatitis C virus core and envelope proteins 1 and 2 显示文摘 | Naas T Ghorbani M Alvarez - Maya I | 2005 | J Gen Virol2005，86，8： | 1 |
| 18 | Preparation and structural characterization of Co/AI2 03 catalysts for the ozonation of pyruvic acid 显示文摘 | ALVAREZ P M BELTRAN F J POCOSTALES J P | 2007 | Applied Catalysis B: Environmental2007，72，34： | 1 |
| 19 | Struc-ture of the FoxMl DNA-recognition domain bound to a pro-moter sequence显示文摘 | Little D R Alvarez Fernandez M Stein A | 2010 | Nucl Acids Res2010，38，13： | 1 |
| 20 | High ALTlevel predict viremia in anti-HCV-positive HD patients if a modi-fied normal range of ALT is applied显示文摘 | Espinosa M Martin-Malo A Alvarez de Lara MA | 2000 | Clin Nephrol2000，54，2： | 1 |
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