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| 1 | Immunomodulatory effects and mechanisms of plant alkaloid tetrandrine in autoimmune diseases显示文摘Autoimmune diseases characterized by activation of immune effector cells and damage of target organs are currently treated with a combination of several disease-modifying antirheumatic gruge(DMARDs) that preserve different immunomodulatory mechanisms.such a combination treatment strategy not only provides synergistic effects but also reduces side effects from individual drug.Tetrandring(Tet),purified from a creeper Stephania tetrandra S Moore,is a bis-benszylisoquinoline alkaloid and has been used to treat patients with silicosis,autoimmune disorders,and hypertension in China's Mainland for decades.The accumulated studies both in vitro and in vivo reveal that Tet preserves a wide variety of immunosuppressive effects.Importantly,the Tet-mediated immunosuppressive mechanisms are evidently different from some known DMARDs.The synergistic effects have also been demonstrated between Tet and othe DMARDs like FK506 and cyclosporin.These results highlight Tet a very potential candidate to be considered as one of DMARDs in the treatment of autoimmune diseases,especially rheumatoid arthritis.This review summarizes evidence-based in vivo and in vitro studies on this potential Chinese immunosuppressive herb. | LAI Jenn-HaungRheumatology/Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan, China | 2002 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2002，23，12： | 18 |
| 2 | Airborne Pollen Grains Of Afyon, Turkey显示文摘The airborne pollen grains of Afyon have been studied for a two_year period (1999-2000) with a Durham sampler. A total of 14 367 pollen grains belonging to 40 taxa have been identified and recorded with some unidentified ones. Of them, 6 732 were identified in 1999 and 7 635 in 2000. Of the total pollen grains, 69.67% were arboreal, 26.64% non_arboreal and 3.68 % unidentified. The majority of the investigated pollen grains were from Pinus, Gramineae, Cupressaceae, Platanus , Chenopodiaceae/Amaranthaceae, Quercus, Ailanthus, Moraceae, Juglans , Salix, Cedrus and Rosaceae. The highest level of pollen grains was in May. | Adem BICAKCI 1, Süheyla ERGUN 2, Sevcan TATLIDIL 1, Hulusi MALYER 1, Sabri ?ZYURT 2, Ahmet AKKAYA 3, Nihat SAPAN 5 Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Uludag, Bursa, Turkey 2. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Afyon Turkey 3. Department of Pulmonology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Süleyman Demirel, Isparta, Turkey 4. Division of Pediatric Allergy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Uludag, Bursa, Turkey) | 2002 | Acta Botanica Sinica2002，44，11： | 3 |
| 3 | The diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis : an updated practice parameter显示文摘 | Joint Task Force on Practice Parameters American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology American College of Allergy Asthma and Immunology | 2005 | J Allergy Clin Immunol2005，115，3： | 1 |
| 4 | The diagnosis and management of anaphylaxis: an updated practice parameter显示文摘 | American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology American College of Allergy etal | 2005 | J Allergy Clin Immunol2005，115，3： | 1 |
| 5 | The European society for pediatric gastroenterology and nutrition working group for the diagnostic criteria for food allergy显示文摘 | Diagnostic criteria for food allergy with predominantly intestinal symptoms | 1992 | J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr1992，14，： | 1 |
| 6 | Complementing the IL-17 axis in asth-ma显示文摘 | Irving K: Asthma and allergy | 2010 | Nat Rev Immunol2010，10，10： | 1 |
| 7 | Worldwide vari-ation in prevalence of symptoms of asthma,allergic rhino-conjunctivitis,and atopic eczema显示文摘 | The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Steering Committee | 1998 | Lancet1998，35，9111： | 1 |
| 8 | Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy(DRACMA)Guidelines显示文摘 | World Allergy Organization(WAO) | | 0，，21： | 1 |
| 9 | Worldwide variation in prevalence of symptoms of asthma,allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and atopic eczema:ISAAC显示文摘 | The International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood(ISAAC)Steering Committee | 1998 | Lancet1998，135，1： | 1 |
| 10 | The European society for paediatric gastroenterology and nutrition working group for the diagnostic criteria for food allergy显示文摘 | Diagnostic criteria for food allergy with predominantly intestinal symptoms | 1992 | J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr1992，14，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Effect of ganciclovir therapy on hearing in symptomatic congenital cytomegalovirus disease involving the central nervous system:a randomized,controlled trial显示文摘 | Kimberlin DW Lin CY Sánchez PJ et al National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Collaborative Antiviral Study Group | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 12 | WAO specialty and training councilreport显示文摘 | Allergy Practice Worldwide | 2006 | ACLL-J WAO2006，18，： | 1 |
| 13 | Skin testing in patients with hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated contrast media-a European multicenter study显示文摘 | European Network Drug Allergy EAACI Interest Grp Drug | 2009 | Allergy2009，64，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Allergic rhinitis and its impact on asthma update: M- lergen immunotherapy显示文摘 | PASSALACQUA G DURHAM S R GLOBAL ALLERGY AND ASTHMA EUROPEAN NETWORK | 2007 | J Allergy Clin Immunol2007，119，： | 1 |
| 15 | Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies on a request from the Commission relating to the evaluation of allergenic foods for labelling purposes显示文摘 | Dietetic products nutrition and allergies working shop of European Food Safety Authority | 2004 | The EFSA Journal2004，32，： | 1 |
| 16 | The use of standardized allergen extracts显示文摘 | American Academy of Allergy Asthma and Immunology (AAAAI) | 1997 | J Allergy Clin Immunol1997，99，： | 1 |
| 17 | Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies on a request from the Commission related to a notification from GME on fish gelatine pursuant to Article 6 paragraph 11 of Directive 2000/13/EC显示文摘 | EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) | 2004 | The EFSA Journal2004，152，： | 1 |
| 18 | Opinion of the Scientific Panel on Dietetic Products, Nutrition and Allergies on a request from the Commission related to a notification from Finnsugar Ltd on glucose syrups produced from barley starch pursuant toArticle 6, paragraph 11 of Directive 2000/13/EC显示文摘 | EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) | 2007 | The EFSA Journal2007，456，： | 1 |
| 19 | Food Allergy: A Practice Parameter显示文摘 | American College of Allergy Asthma & Immunology | 2006 | Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol2006，96，32： | 1 |
| 20 | SCIENTIFIC OPINION Scientific Opinion related to a notification from Genecor International BV on barley beta-amylase from unmalted barley to be used in starch degradation to produce glucose syrups rich in maltose pursuant to Article 6, paragraph 11 of Directive 2000/13/ EC-for permanent exemption from labeling显示文摘 | EFSA Panel on Dietetic Products Nutrition and Allergies (NDA) | 2009 | EFSA Journal2009，7，10： | 1 |
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