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| 1 | Assessment of drug-induced hepatotoxicity in clinical practice: A challenge for gastroenterologists显示文摘Currently, pharmaceutical preparations are serious contributors to liver disease; hepatotoxicity ranking as the most frequent cause for acute liver failure and post-commercialization regulatory decisions. The diagnosis of hepatotoxicity remains a difficult task because of the lack of reliable markers for use in general clinical practice. To incriminate any given drug in an episode of liver dysfunction is a step-by-step process that requires a high degree of suspicion, compatible chronology, awareness of the drug’s hepatotoxic potential, the exclusion of alternative causes of liver damage and the ability to detect the presence of subtle data that favors a toxic etiology. This process is time-consuming and the final result is frequently inaccurate. Diagnostic algorithms may add consistency to the diagnostic process by translating the suspicion into a quantitative score. Such scales are useful since they provide a framework that emphasizes the features that merit attention in cases of suspected hepatic adverse reaction as well. Current efforts in collecting bona fide cases of drug-induced hepatotoxicity will make refinements of existing scales feasible. It is now relatively easy to accommodate relevant data within the scoring system and to delete low-impact items. Efforts should also be directed toward the development of an abridged instrument for use in evaluating suspected drug-induced hepatotoxicity at the very beginning of the diagnosis and treatment process when clinical decisions need to be made. The instrument chosen would enable a confident diagnosis to be made on admission of the patient and treatment to be fine-tuned as further information is collected. | Raúl J Andrade Mercedes Robles Alejandra Fernández-Castaer Susana López-Ortega M Carmen López-Vega M Isabel Lucena | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，3： | 18 |
| 2 | YKL40 expression in CD14^+ liver cells in acute and chronic injury显示文摘AIM:To demonstrate that CD14 + cells are an important source of the growth factor YKL40 in acute and chronic liver damage.METHODS:Rats were inoculated with one dose of CCl4 to induce acute damage.Liver biopsies were obtained at 0,6,12,24,48 and 72 h.For chronic damage,CCl4 was administered three days per week for 6 or 8 wk.Tissue samples were collected,and cellular populations were isolated by liver digestion and purified by cell sorting.YKL40 mRNA and protein expression were evaluated by realtime polymerase chain reaction and western blot.RESULTS:Acute liver damage induced a rapid increase of YKL40 mRNA beginning at 12 h.Expression peaked at 24 h,with a 26fold increase over basal levels.By 72 h however,YKL40 expression levels had nearly returned to control levels.On the other hand,chronic damage induced a sustained increase in YKL40 expression,with 7and 9fold higher levels at 6 and 8 wk,respectively.The pattern of YKL40 expression in different subpopulations showed that CD14+cells,which include Kupffer cells,are a source of YKL40 after acute damage at 72 h[0.09 relative expression units(REU)]as well as after chronic injury at 6 wk(0.11 REU).Hepatocytes,in turn,accounted for 0.06 and 0.01 REU after 72 h(acute)or 6 wk(chronic),respectively.The rest of the CD14cells(including T lymphocytes,B lymphocytes,natural killer and natural killer T cells) yielded 0.07 and 0.15 REU at 72 h and 6 wk,respectively.YKL40 protein expression in liver was detected at 72 h as well as 6 and 8 wk,with the highest expression relative to controls(11fold;P≤0.05)seen at 6 wk.Macrophages were stimulated by lipopolysaccharide.We demonstrate that under these conditions,these cells showed maximum expression of YKL40 at 12 h,with P<0.05 compared with controls.CONCLUSION:Hepatic CD14 + cells are an YKL40 mRNA and protein source in acute and chronic liver injury,with expression patterns similar to growth factors implicated in inflammationfibrogenesis. | Oscar Pizano-Martínez Irinea Yaez-Sánchez Pilar Alatorre-Carranza Alejandra Miranda-Díaz Pablo C Ortiz-Lazareno Trinidad García-Iglesias Adrian Daneri-Navarro Mónica Vázquez-Del Mercado Mary Fafutis-Morris Vidal Delgado-Rizo | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，33： | 3 |
| 3 | Tumor cells educate mesenchymal stromal cells to release chemoprotective and immunomodulatory factors显示文摘Factors released by surrounding cells such as cancer-associated mesenchymal stromal cells(CA-MSCs)are involved in tumor progression and chemoresistance.In this study,we characterize the mechanisms by which naYve mesenchymal stromal cells(MSCs)can acquire a CA-MSCs phenotype.Ovarian tumor cells trigger the transformation of MSCs to CA-MSCs by expressing pro-tumoral genes implicated in the chemoresistance of cancer cells,resulting in the secretion of high levels of CXC chemokine receptors 1 and 2(CXCR1/2)ligands such as chemokine(C-X-C motif)ligand 1(CXCL1),CXCL2,and interleukin 8(IL-8).CXCR1/2 ligands can also inhibit the immune response against ovarian tumor cells.Indeed,through their released factors,CA-MSCs promote the differentiation of monocytes towards M2 macrophages,which favors tumor progression.When CXCR1/2 receptors are inhibited,these CA-MSC-activated macrophages lose their M2 properties and acquire an anti-tumoral phenotype.Both ex vivo and in vivo,we used a CXCR1/2 inhibitor to sensitize ovarian tumor cells to carboplatin and circumvent the pro-tumoral effects of CA-MSCs.Since high concentrations of CXCR1/2 ligands in patients*blood are associated with chemoresistance,CXCR1/2 inhibition could be a potential therapeutic strategy to revert carboplatin resistance. | Augustin Le Naour Melissa Prat Benolt Thibault Renaud Mével Léa Lemaitre Helene Leray Marie-Veronique Joubert Kimberley Coulson Muriel Golzio Lise Lefevre Eliane Mery Alejandra Martinez Gwénael Ferron Jean-Pierre Delord Agnès Coste Bettina Couderc | 2020 | Journal of Molecular Cell Biology2020，12，3： | 3 |
| 4 | COVID-19 and neurologic manifestations:a synthesis from the child neurologist’s corner显示文摘Background Since December 2019,the SARS-CoV-2 virus has been a global health issue.The main clinical presentation of this virus is a flu-like disease;however,patients with diverse neurologic manifestations have also been reported.In this review,we attempt to summarize,discuss and update the knowledge of the neurologic manifestations in the pediatric population affected by SARS-CoV-2 infection and the pandemic’s effects in children with neurologic diseases.Data sources This review analyzes studies found on the PubMed database using the following keywords:Neurologic manifestations COVID-19,Neurological COVID-19,coronavirus,SARS-CoV-2,pediatric COVID-19,COVID-19 in children,MIS-C,Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystem Syndrome,Guillain BarréSyndrome,Stroke,ADEM,and Anti-NMDA encephalitis.All studies cited were published between 2004 and 2022,and represent the most relevant articles in the field.The World Health Organization COVID-19 online dashboard was assessed to obtain updated epidemiological data.Results The most common neurologic symptoms in the pediatric population are headache,seizures,encephalopathy,and muscle weakness.These can be present during COVID-19 or weeks after recovering from it.Children who presented with multi-system inflammatory syndrome had a higher incidence of neurologic manifestations,which conferred a greater risk of morbidity and mortality.Several neuro-pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed,including direct virus invasion,hyper-inflammatory reactions,multi-systemic failure,prothrombotic states,and immune-mediated processes.On the other hand,the COVID-19 pandemic has affected patients with neurologic diseases,making it challenging to access controls,treatment,and therapies.Conclusions Various neurologic manifestations have been associated with children’s SARS-CoV-2 infection.It is important to identify and give them proper and opportune treatment because they can be potentially grave and life-threatening;some can lead to long-lasting sequelae.Different neuro-pathophysiological mechanisms have been proposed,however,a causal relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection and neurologic manifestations remains to be proven.Patients with neurologic diseases are especially affected by COVID-19,not only by the disease itself but also by its complications and pandemic management measures. | Carolina Valderas Gastón Méndez Alejandra Echeverría Nelson Suarez Katherin Julio Francisca Sandoval | 2022 | World Journal of Pediatrics2022，18，6： | 2 |
| 5 | Recent approaches using chemical treatments to preserve quality of fresh-cut fruit: a review显示文摘 | GEMMA 0 0 ALEJANDRA ROJAS-GRAU M LAURA A G | 2010 | Postharvest Biology and Technology2010，57，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Radiotherapy for Liver Metastases: A Review of Evidence显示文摘 | Morten H?yer Anand Swaminath Sean Bydder Michael Lock Alejandra Méndez Romero Brian Kavanagh Karyn A. Goodman Paul Okunieff Laura A. Dawson | 2012 | International Journal of Radiation Oncology Biology Physics2012，，3： | 1 |
| 7 | Antibiotic ter- penoid chlorodihydroquinones from a new marine actinomycete 显示文摘 | IRMA E S M ALEJANDRA P D PAUL R J | 2005 | J Natur Prod2005，68，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Antibiotic terpenoid chloro-dihydroquinones from a new marine actinomycete 显示文摘 | Irma E S M Alejandra P D Jensen P R | 2005 | J Nat Prod2005，68，6： | 1 |
| 9 | Probiotics: An alternative strategy for combating salmonellosis Immune mechanisms involved 显示文摘 | Natalia A C Alejandra M L Galdeano C M | 2012 | Food Res Int2012，45，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Stereotactic body radiation therapy for primary and metastatic liver tumors: A single institution phase i-ii study显示文摘 | Alejandra Méndez Romero Wouter Wunderink Shahid M. Hussain Jacco A. De Pooter Ben J. M. Heijmen Peter C. J. M. Nowak Joost J. Nuyttens Rene P. Brandwijk Cees Verhoef Jan N. M. Ijzermans Peter C. Levendag | 2006 | Acta Oncologica2006，，7： | 1 |
| 11 | Laboratory goals and considerations for multiple mierofossil extraction in archaeology显示文摘 | JAMES C ALEJANDRA K M STEVEN A | 2003 | Journal of Archaeological Science2003，30，： | 1 |
| 12 | Comparison of shikimic acid determination by capillary zone electrophoresiswith direct and indirect detection with liquid chromatography for varietal differentiation of red wines显示文摘 | Claudia M Antonieta H Alejandra C | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Cadmium,zinc and copper biosorption mediated by Pseudomonas veronii 2E显示文摘 | VULLO DIANA L CERETTI HELENA M DANIEL ALEJANDRA | 2008 | Bioresource Technology2008，99，： | 1 |
| 14 | Increasing effect by simultaneous use of levocabastine and pemirolast on experimental allergic conjunctivitis in rats 显示文摘 | KAZUHISA M MARIA ALEJANDRA H CHIAKI K | 2005 | Biol Pharm Bull2005，28，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Spatial patterns of photosynthesis in thin-and thick-leaved epiphytic orchids:unravelling C3-CAM plasticity in an organ-compartmented way显示文摘 | IVhria A R Alejandra M Aline B C | 2013 | Annals of Botany2013，112，： | 1 |
| 16 | A novel multiobjec- tive optimization algorithm based on bacterial chemotaxis显示文摘 | Alejandra G M Delgado A Carvalho J D | 2008 | Journal of Engineering Applications of Artificial lntelli-gence2008，23，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Removal of arsenic from drinking water: A comparative study between electrocoagulation-microfiltration and chemical coagulation-microfiltration processes显示文摘 | Cesar Calderon Mólgora Alejandra Martín Domínguez Eloy Mundo Avila Patrick Drogui Gerardo Buelna | 2013 | Separation and Purification Technology2013，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Growth, soluble carbohydrates, and aloin concentration of Aloe vera plants exposed to three irradiance levels显示文摘 | ALEJANDRA M G MARIA E G | 2000 | Environmental and Experimental Botany2000，44，： | 1 |
| 19 | Pharamacodynamic assessment of amoxicillin/sulbactam against Acinetobacter baumannii:searching the optimal dose and infusion time through a human ex-vivo model显示文摘 | Bantar C Fernandez Canigia L Alejandra Berger M | 2009 | Braz J Infect Dis2009，13，5： | 1 |
| 20 | The molecular weight, solubility and viscosity of oat beta-glucan affect human glycemic response by modifying starch digestibility显示文摘 | Alejandra R Zazeba C Susan M T | 2011 | Food Chemistry2011，129，： | 1 |
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