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| 1 | 大气二氧化氮与每日总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率的短期关联:398个城市的多中心分析显示文摘目的:采用统一的分析方案,评估全球多个国家/地区的二氧化氮(NO_(2))与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率之间的短期关联。研究设计:采用两阶段的时间序列分析方法、过度离散的广义线性模型和多水平meta分析。研究地点:22个低到高收入国家/地区的398个城市。主要结局指标:1973—2018年逐日总死亡人数(6280万人)、心血管疾病死亡人数(1970万人)和呼吸系统疾病死亡人数(550万人)。结果:平均而言,NO_(2)浓度在滞后1天(前1天)每增加10μg/m^(3),会导致总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统疾病死亡率分别增加0.46%(95%可信区间0.36%~0.57%)、0.37%(0.22%~0.51%)、0.47%(0.21%~0.72%)。在对共污染物(PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)、臭氧、二氧化硫和一氧化碳)进行调整后,这些关联仍然很稳定。所有3种死因的暴露-反应曲线几乎是线性的,没有明显的阈值。在398个城市中,可归因于高过假定零水平的NO_(2)浓度造成的死亡比例为1.23%(95%可信区间0.96%~1.51%)。结论:这项多中心研究提供了关于NO_(2)短期暴露与总死亡率、心血管和呼吸系统死亡风险之间的独立和线性关联的关键证据,说明通过加强NO_(2)的控制和监管限制标准,可获得人群水平的健康收益。 | 孟夏 刘聪(校) 陈仁杰 郑湃(译) 阚海东(校) Francesco Sera Ana Vicedo-Cabrera Ai Milojevic Maria Guo Yuming Tong Shilu Micheline de Sousa Zanotti Stagliorio Coelh Paulo Hilario Nascimento Saldiva Eric Lavigne Patricia Matus Correa Nicolas Valdes Ortega Samuel Osorio Garcia Jan Kysely Ales Urban Hans Orru Marek Maasikmets Jouni J K Jaakkola Niilo Ryti Veronika Huber Alexandra Schneider Klea Katsouyanni Antonis Analitis Masahiro Hashizume Yasushi Honda Chris Fook Sheng Ng Baltazar Nunes João Paulo Teixeira Iulian Horia Holobaca Simona Fratianni Ho Kim Aurelio Tobias Carmeníniguez Bertil Forsberg ChristoferÅström Martina S Ragettli Yue-Liang Leon Guo Shih-Chun Pan Shanshan Li Michelle L Bell Antonella Zanobetti Joel Schwartz Tangchun Wu Antonio Gasparrini | 2021 | 英国医学杂志中文版2021，24，8： | 7 |
| 2 | Aqueous suspension of anise “Pimpinella anisum” protects rats against chemically induced gastric ulcers显示文摘AIM: To substantiate the claims of Unani and Arabian traditional medicine practitioners on the gastroprotective potential effect of a popular spice anise, 'Pimpinella anisum L.' on experimentally-induced gastric ulceration and secretion in rats. METHODS: Acute gastric ulceration in rats was produced by various noxious chemicals including 80% ethanol, 0.2 mol/L NaOH, 25% NaCl and indomethacin. Anti-secretory studies were undertaken using pylorus- ligated Shay rat technique. Levels of gastric non-protein sulfhydryls (NP-SH) and wall mucus were estimated and gastric tissue was also examined histologically. Anise aqueous suspension was used in two doses (250 and 500 mg/kg body weight) in all experiments. RESULTS: Anise significantly inhibited gastric mu- cosal damage induced by necrotizing agents and indomethacin. The anti-ulcer effect was further confirmed histologically. In pylorus-ligated Shay rats, anise suspension significantly reduced the basal gastric acid secretion, acidity and completely inhibited the rumenal ulceration. On the other hand, the suspension significantly replenished ethanol-induced depleted levels of gastric mucosal NP-SH and gastric wall mucus concentration. CONCLUSION: Anise aqueous suspension possesses significant cytoprotective and anti-ulcer activities against experimentally-induced gastric lesions. The anti-ulcer effect of anise is possibly prostaglandin-mediated and/orthrough its anti-secretory and antioxidative properties. | Ibrahim A Al Mofleh Abdulqader A Alhaider Jaber S Mossa Mohammed O Al-Soohaibani Syed Rafatullah | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，7： | 7 |
| 3 | A New Integrated Design Method Based on Fuzzy Matter-Element Optimization显示文摘This paper puts forward a new integrated design met ho d based on fuzzy matter-element optimization.On the based of analyzing the mod el of multi-objective fuzzy matter-element , the paper defines the m atter-element weightily and changes solving multi-objective fuzzy optimization into solving dependent function K(x) of the single-objective optimization according to the optimization criterion. The paper particularly describes the realization approach of GA process of multi -objective fuzzy matter-element optimization: encode, produce initial populati on, confirm fitness function, select operator, etc. In the process, the adaptive macro genetic algorithms (AMGA) is applied to enhancing the evolution speed. Th e paper improves the two genetic operators: crossover and mutation operator. The modified adaptive macro genetic algorithms (MAMGA) is put forward simultane ously. It is adopted to solve the optimization problem. Three optimization methods, namely fuzzy matter-element optimization method, li nearity weighted method and fuzzy optimization method, are compared by using the table and figure, it shows that not only MAMGA is a little better than the AMGA , but also it reaches the extent to which the effective iteration generation is 62.2% of simple genetic algorithms (SGA). By the calculation of optimum exam ple, the improved method of genetic in the paper is much better than the method in reference of paper. | ZHAO Yan-wei 1, ZHANG Guo-xian 2 (1. College of Mechanical Engineering, Zhejiang University o f Technology, Hangzhou 310014, China 2. College of Mechanical & Electronic al Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200072, China) | 2002 | 厦门大学学报(自然科学版)2002，41，S1： | 5 |
| 4 | Overview of recent advances in metastatic triple negative breast cancer显示文摘Metastatic triple negative breast cancer(TNBC)has an aggressive phenotype with a predilection for visceral organs and brain.Best responses to chemotherapy are predominately in the first line.Recent studies have demonstrated improved progression free survival with the combination of atezolizumab/pembrolizumab and chemotherapy in programmed death-ligand 1 positive metastatic TNBC.However,a recent trial in a similar population showed no benefit for atezolizumab and paclitaxel which led to a Food and Drug Administration alert.Two phase III trials(OLYMPIAD and BROCADE3)demonstrated a benefit in progression free survival(PFS)but not overall survival in patients with BRCAassociated metastatic TNBC treated with Olaparib or Talazoparib respectively.For those treated with Talazoparib,the time to deterioration in health related-quality of life was also longer compared to chemotherapy.The BROCADE3 trial demonstrated that the combination of a platinum and veliparib increased PFS in first-line metastatic TNBC but at the cost of increased toxicity.There are no headto-head comparisons of a poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose)polymerase inhibitors(PARPi)and platinums.There are unanswered questions regarding the role of PARPi maintenance after platinum therapy as is standard of care in BRCAassociated ovarian cancer.Other areas of therapeutic interest include targeting aberrations in the phosphoinositide 3-kinase pathway,protein kinase B,mammalian target of rapamycin or utilising antibody drug conjugates.This review focusses on recent and emerging therapeutic options in metastatic TNBC.We searched PubMed,clinicaltrials.gov and recent international meetings from American Society of Clinical Oncology,San Antonio Breast Cancer Conference and the European Society of Medical Oncology. | David O'Reilly Maha Al Sendi Catherine M Kelly | 2021 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2021，12，3： | 5 |
| 5 | Management of rectal varices in portal hypertension显示文摘Rectal varices are portosystemic collaterals that form as a complication of portal hypertension, their prevalence has been reported as high as 94% in patients withextrahepatic portal vein obstruction. The diagnosis is typically based on lower endoscopy(colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy). However, endoscopic ultrasonography has been shown to be superior to endoscopy in diagnosing rectal varices. Color Doppler ultrasonography is a better method because it allows the calculation of the velocity of blood flow in the varices and can be used to predict the bleeding risk in the varices. Although rare, bleeding from rectal varices can be life threatening. The management of patients with rectal variceal bleeding is not well established. It is important to ensure hemodynamic stability with blood transfusion and to correct any coagulopathy prior to treating the bleeding varices. Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy has been reported to be more effective in the management of active bleeding from rectal varices with less rebleeding rate as compared to endoscopic band ligation. Transjugular intrahepatic portsystemic shunt alone or in combination with embolization is another method used successfully in control of bleeding. Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration is an emerging procedure for management of gastric varices that has also been successfully used to treat bleeding rectal varices. Surgical procedures including suture ligation and porto-caval shunts are considered when other methods have failed. | Kawtar Al Khalloufi Adeyinka O Laiyemo | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，30： | 3 |
| 6 | Polyamines reduces lipid peroxidation induced by different pro-oxidant agents显示文摘 | Nádia Aléssio Velloso Bellé Gerusa Duarte Dalmolin Graciela Fonini Maribel Antonello Rubin Jo?o Batista Teixeira Rocha | 2004 | Brain Research2004，，2： | 3 |
| 7 | Omentum facilitates liver regeneration显示文摘AIM:To investigate the mechanism of liver regeneration induced by fusing the omentum to a small traumatic injury created in the liver. We studied three groups of rats. In one group the rats were omentectomized; in another group the omentum was left in situ and was not activated,and in the third group the omentum was activated by polydextran particles. METHODS:We pre-activated the omentum by injecting polydextran particles and then made a small wedge wound in the rat liver to allow the omentum to fuse to the wound. We monitored the regeneration of the liver by determining the ratio of liver weight/body weight,by histological evaluation (including immune staining for cytokeratin-19,an oval cell marker),and by testing for developmental gene activation using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS:There was no liver regeneration in the omentectomized rats,nor was there significant regeneration when the omentum was not activated,even though in this instance the omentum had fusedwith the liver. In contrast,the liver in the rats with the activated omentum expanded to a size 50% greater than the original,and there was histologically an interlying tissue between the wounded liver and the activated omentum in which bile ducts,containing cytokeratin-19 positive oval cells,extended from the wound edge. In this interlying tissue,oval cells were abundant and appeared to proliferate to form new liver tissue. In rats pre-treated with drugs that inhibited hepatocyte growth,liver proliferation was ongoing,indicating that regeneration of the liver was the result of oval cell expansion. CONCLUSION:Activated omentum facilitates liver regeneration following injury by a mechanism that depends largely on oval cell proliferation. | Ashok K Singh Nishit Pancholi Jilpa Patel Natalia O Litbarg Krishnamurthy P Gudehithlu Perianna Sethupathi Mark Kraus George Dunea Jose AL Arruda | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，9： | 2 |
| 8 | Minimally invasive therapy for fetal sacrococcygeal teratoma: case series and systematic review of the literature显示文摘 | T. Van Mieghem A. Al‐Ibrahim J. Deprest L. Lewi J. C. Langer D. Baud K. O’Brien R. Beecroft R. Chaturvedi E. Jaeggi J. Fish G. Ryan | 2014 | Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol2014，，6： | 2 |
| 9 | Cluster analysis and display of genome-wide expression paltems显示文摘 | M Beisen P T Spellman P O Brown el al | 1998 | Proc Natl Acad Sci USA1998，95，14： | 1 |
| 10 | Myopia and myopic progression among schoolchildren:a three-year follow-up study显示文摘 | Parssinen O Lyyra AL | 1993 | Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual science1993，34，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Hepatitis B virus X protein is both a substrate and a potential inhibitor of the proteasome complex 显示文摘 | Hu ZY Zhang ZS Doo E Coux O Goldberg AL Liang TJ | 1999 | J Virol1999，73，9： | 1 |
| 12 | The Fas counterattack : a molecular mechenism of tumor immune privilege 显示文摘 | O'Connell J Bennett M W O'Sullivan G C et aL | 1997 | Mol Med1997，3，： | 1 |
| 13 | Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) variants in Malaysian Malays显示文摘 | Ainoon O Yu YH Amir Muhfiz AL et a2 | 2003 | Hum Mutat2003，21，1： | 1 |
| 14 | Surgical approaches to the cavernous sinus: a microsurgical study 显示文摘 | Inoue T Rhoton AL Theele O | 1990 | Neurosurg1990，26，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Structure and functions of the 20S and 26S proteasomes显示文摘 | Coux O Tanaka K Goldberg AL | 1996 | Ann Rev Biochem1996，65，： | 1 |
| 16 | Prospective evaluation of fecal neutrophils-derived proteins in identifying intestinal inflamma- tion : combination of parameters does not improve diagnostic accuracy of calprotectin 显示文摘 | Schroder O Naumann M Shastri Y ct al | 2007 | Aliment Pharmacol Ther2007，26，7： | 1 |
| 17 | Evalua- tion and comparison of MRP1 activity with three fluorescent dyes and three modulators in leukemic cell lines 显示文摘 | Dogan AL Legrand O Faussat AM | 2004 | Leuk Res2004，28，6： | 1 |
| 18 | Utility of vol- ume adjusted prostate specific antigendensity in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in Arab men显示文摘 | SHEIKH M AL SAEED O KEHINDE E O | 2005 | Int Urol Nephrol2005，37，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Benefit of glycery| trinitrate on arterial stiffness is directly due to effects on peripheral arteries显示文摘 | Pauca AL Kon ND O'Rourke MF | 2005 | J Heart2005，9，： | 1 |
| 20 | Feasi- bility of depth profiling of Zn-based coatings by laser ablation inductively coupled plasma optical emission and mass spectrometry using infrared Nd: YAG and ArF lasers显示文摘 | ALES H ViTEZSLAV O KAREL N | 2005 | Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy2005，60，3： | 1 |
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