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| 1 | TGF-β/BMP signaling and other molecular events: regulation of osteoblastogenesis and bone formation显示文摘Transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-β)/bone morphogenetic protein(BMP) plays a fundamental role in the regulation of bone organogenesis through the activation of receptor serine/threonine kinases. Perturbations of TGF-β/BMP activity are almost invariably linked to a wide variety of clinical outcomes, i.e., skeletal, extra skeletal anomalies, autoimmune, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Phosphorylation of TGF-β(I/II) or BMP receptors activates intracellular downstream Smads, the transducer of TGF-β/BMP signals. This signaling is modulated by various factors and pathways, including transcription factor Runx2. The signaling network in skeletal development and bone formation is overwhelmingly complex and highly time and space specific.Additive, positive, negative, or synergistic effects are observed when TGF-β/BMP interacts with the pathways of MAPK, Wnt, Hedgehog(Hh), Notch, Akt/m TOR, and mi RNA to regulate the effects of BMP-induced signaling in bone dynamics. Accumulating evidence indicates that Runx2 is the key integrator, whereas Hh is a possible modulator, mi RNAs are regulators, and b-catenin is a mediator/regulator within the extensive intracellular network. This review focuses on the activation of BMP signaling and interaction with other regulatory components and pathways highlighting the molecular mechanisms regarding TGF-β/BMP function and regulation that could allow understanding the complexity of bone tissue dynamics. | Md Shaifur Rahman Naznin Akhtar Hossen Mohammad Jamil Rajat Suvra Banik Sikder M Asaduzzaman | 2015 | Bone Research2015，3，1： | 53 |
| 2 | FISH analysis in chromophobe renal cell carcinoma显示文摘 | IQBAL M A AKHTAR M ULMER C | 2000 | Diagn Cytopathol2000，22，1： | 1 |
| 3 | Influence of plant age, whitefly population and cultivar resistance on infection of cotton plants by cotton leaf curl virus(CLCuV) in Pakistan 显示文摘 | Akhtar K P Hussain M Khan A I | 2004 | Field Crops Research2004，86，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Effect of a Herbal - Leucine mix on the IL - 1 - induced cartilage degradation and inflammatory gene ex- pression in human chondrocyte 显示文摘 | Akhtar N Miller M J Haqqi TM | 2011 | BMC Complement Altem Med2011，11，： | 1 |
| 5 | Studies of γ-ray induced polymerization of aqueous acrylamide 显示文摘 | ALAM M AKHTAR F MINA M | 2003 | Polymer plastics Tech- nology and Engineering2003，42，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Regulation of exer-cise-induced fiber type transformation,mitochondria biogene-sis,and angiogenesis in skeletal muscle显示文摘 | Yan Z Okutsu M Akhtar Y N | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 7 | Randomized study of the safety and clinical utility of rotational vs standard coronary angiog-raphy using a flat-panel detector显示文摘 | Akhtar M Vakharia KT Mishell J | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | Control of plant-parasitic nematodes with organic and inorganic amendments in agricultural soil 显示文摘 | Akhtar M Mahmood I | 1996 | Applied Soil Ecology1996，4，： | 1 |
| 9 | Long-term clinical outcomes after percuta- neous coronary intervention for unprotect- ed left main coronary artery in heart trans- plant patients with cardiac allograft vascu- lopathy显示文摘 | Alam M Shahzad SA Akhtar A+ | 2012 | Int J Cardiol2012，156，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Solution-processed CeO2/TiO2 nanocomposite as photocatalyst for the degradation of bromophenol dye显示文摘 | Ameen S Akhtar M S Seo H K Shin H S | 2014 | Chemical Engineering Journal2014，247，： | 1 |
| 11 | Determinants of Profitability of Banking Sector in India显示文摘 | Majid Karimzadeh Jawed Akhtar S M Behzad Karimzadeh | 2013 | South Asia Paper Transit Stud Rev2013，20，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Hashimoto thyroiditis : acentury later显示文摘 | Ahmed R Al-Shaikh S Akhtar M | 2012 | Adv Anat Pathol2012，19，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Whey protein-maltodextrin conjugates as emulsifying agents An alternative to gum arabic 显示文摘 | Akhtar M Dickinson E | 2007 | Food Hydrocolloids2007，，21： | 1 |
| 14 | The heidelberg classification of renal cell tumours显示文摘 | Kovacs G Akhtar M Beckwith B | 1997 | J Patho1997，183，2： | 1 |
| 15 | Effect of external counterpulsation on plasma nitric oxide and endothelin -1 levels 显示文摘 | Akhtar M Wu F Du ZM | 2006 | Am Cardio12006，98，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Neospora caninum prevalence in dogs raised under different living conditions显示文摘 | Nazir MM Maqbool A Akhtar M | 2014 | Vet Parasitol2014，204，34： | 1 |
| 17 | Fecal incontinence in older patients 显示文摘 | Akhtar AJ Padda M | 2005 | J Am Med Dir Assoe2005，5，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Glomus intraradices, Pseudomonas alcaligenes, and Bacillus pumilus: effective agents for the control of root-rot disease complex of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L,)显示文摘 | Akhtar M S Siddiqui Z A | 2008 | Gen Plant Pathol2008，74，： | 1 |
| 19 | The impact of climate change on the water resources of Hindukush-Karakomm-Himalaya re- gion under different glacier coverage scenarios 显示文摘 | Akhtar M Ahmad N Booij M J | 2008 | Journal of Hydrology2008，355，1234： | 1 |
| 20 | A new variable step size LMS algorithm-based method for improved online secondary path modeling in active noise control systems显示文摘 | Akhtar M T Abe M Kawamala M | 2006 | IEEE Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing2006，14，2： | 1 |
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