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| 1 | Progress towards onchocerciasis elimination in the participating countries of the African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control: epidemiological evaluation results显示文摘Background:The African Programme for Onchocerciasis Control(APOC)was created in 1995 to establish community-directed treatment with ivermectin(CDTi)in order to control onchocerciasis as a public health problem in 20 African countries that had 80%of the global disease burden.When research showed that CDTi may ultimately eliminate onchocerciasis infection,APOC was given in 2008 the additional objective to determine when and where treatment can be safely stopped.We report the results of epidemiological evaluations undertaken from 2008 to 2014 to assess progress towards elimination in CDTi areas with≥6 years treatment.Methods:Skin snip surveys were undertaken in samples of first-line villages to determine the prevalence of O.volvulus microfilariae.There were two evaluation phases.The decline in prevalence was evaluated in phase 1A.Observed and model-predicted prevalences were compared after correcting for endemicity level and treatment coverage.Bayesian statistics and Monte Carlo simulation were used to classify the decline in prevalence as faster than predicted,on track or delayed.Where the prevalence approached elimination levels,phase 1B was launched to determine if treatment could be safely stopped.Village sampling was extended to the whole CDTi area.Survey data were analysed within a Bayesian framework to determine if stopping criteria(overall prevalence<1.4%and maximum stratum prevalence<5%)were met.Results:In phase 1A 127665 people from 639 villages in 54 areas were examined.The prevalence had fallen dramatically.The decline in prevalence was faster than predicted in 23 areas,on track in another 23 and delayed in eight areas.In phase 1B 108636 people in 392 villages were examined in 22 areas of which 13 met the epidemiological criteria for stopping treatment.Overall,32 areas(25.4 million people)had reached or were close to elimination,18 areas(17.4 million)were on track but required more years treatment,and in eight areas(10.4 million)progress was unsatisfactory.Conclusions:Onchocerciasis has been largely controlled as a public health problem.Great progress has been made towards elimination which already appears to have been achieved for millions of people.For most APOC countries,nationwide onchocerciasis elimination is within reach. | Afework H.Tekle Honorath G.M.Zouré Mounkaila Noma Michel Boussinesq Luc E.Coffeng Wilma A.Stolk Jan H.F.Remme | 2016 | Infectious Diseases of Poverty2016，5，1： | 6 |
| 2 | Seroprevalence of Helicobacter pylori in dyspeptic patients and its relationship with HIV infection,ABO blood groups and life style in a university hospital,Northwest Ethiopia显示文摘瞄准:在消化不良的病人之中决定 Helicobacter pylori (H pylori ) 的流行并且估计在 H pylori 感染,血型, HIV 感染和病人的生活方式之间的关系。方法:在基于医院的代表性的研究, Gondar 医院的大学的病人出席门诊病人部门被注册。Socio 人口统计的信息用问询表被收集。浆液用一个商业工具包为 anti-H pylori IgG 抗体被分析。HIV serostatus 被连接酶的免疫吸着剂试金(ELISA ) 决定。Blood grouping 被幻灯片凝集试验执行。结果:215 个消化不良的病人的一个总数在学习被包括。116 个病人(54%) 是女性,(46%) 99 是男性。Anti-H pylori IgG 抗体在重量的单位被检测一 of 184 (85.6%) 病人。流行在 50 年并且在上面的病人是显著地更高的。百分之五个病人被发现是为 HIV 的血清反应阳性的二十个点。没有重要协会为 H pylori 在性别,土佬血型,香的食谱的消费,社会经济的地位和 seropositivity 之间被发现。然而,白酒消费显著地与 H pylori 血清学被联系。结论:H pylori 感染的流行与白酒吸入和老年的历史被联系。象为 H pylori 感染的风险因素的不同饮食,酒精和社会经济的地位的效果需要进一步的学习。 | Feleke Moges Afework Kassu Getahun Mengistu Solomon Adugna Berhanu Andualem Takeshi Nishikawa Fusao Ota | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，12： | 2 |
| 3 | Serological and molecular epidemiology of measles virus outbreaks reported in Ethiopia during 2000-2004显示文摘 | Nigatu W Nokes DJ Afework A | 2006 | JMedViro12006，78，12： | 1 |
| 4 | Isolation and molecular characterization of toxigenic Vibrio parahaemo- lyticus from the Kii Channel, Japan 显示文摘 | Zahid H M Afework K Alizadeh M | 2006 | Microbiol Re- search2006，161，： | 1 |
| 5 | Calretinin immunoreactivity in adrenal glands of developing, adult and ageing Sprague- Dawley rats显示文摘 | Afework M Burnstock G | 1995 | Int J Dev Neurosci1995，13，： | 1 |
| 6 | Measuring the hardness of wheat显示文摘 | MILLER B S AFEWORK S POMERAM Z Y | 1982 | Cereal Foods World1982，27，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Serological and molecular epidemiology of measles virus outbreaks reported in Ethiopia during 2000-2004显示文摘 | Nigatu W Nokes D J Afework A | 2006 | J Med Virol2006，78，12： | 1 |
| 8 | Serological and molecular epidemiology of measles vires outbreaks reported in Ethiopia during 2000-2004显示文摘 | Nigatu W Nokes DJ Afework A | 2006 | J Med Virol2006，78，12： | 1 |
| 9 | Demography and dynamics of mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni in the Bale Mountains National Park,Ethiopia显示文摘We studied the population dynamics of endangered mountain nyala Tragelaphus buxtoni between 2003-2005 in theBale Mountains National Park. Line-transect sampling and total count methods were used to gather data on demographics andmovement patterns. The population's age-group composition was 58% adults, 25% sub-adults, 9% juveniles, 5% calves and 3%unidentified with a female-male sex ratio of 2:1. Population density was found to be significantly different between the twosub-populations (Dinsho Sanctuary and Gaysay/Adelay). A significant difference was found for age-group composition across thetwo sub-populations except adult females, sub-adult males and calves. The Dinsho sub-population was an isolated group. Separationand containment of the mountain nyala population could have negatively affected their ability to search for habitat requirementsand mates from distant areas. The population varied between 830-908 individuals (95% CI), a reduction of 45% from earlierreports. However, the mean population density increased due to contraction of the species' habitat range. We observed a populationdecrease of 2%-5% per year over the course of our study. Many of the assessed demographic parameters did not significantly changeover the three years. This suggests that the decrease in nyala population was not due to random variations in reproduction. Anthropogenicfactors such as competition with livestock for forage, habitat encroachment and poaching by the local people might have beenpartly responsible for the depleted population in our study | Yosef MAMO Michelle A.PINARD Afework BEKELE | 2010 | Current Zoology2010，56，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Low prevalence of HIV infection, and knowledge, attitude and practice on HIV/AIDS among high school students in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia 显示文摘 | Gashaw A Afework K Feleke M | 2007 | Ethiop J Health Dev2007，21，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Calretinin immunoreactivity in adrenal glands of developing,adult and ageing Sprague-Dawley rats 显示文摘 | Afework M Burnstock G | 1995 | Int J Dev Neurosei1995，13，6： | 1 |
| 12 | Measuring the hardness of wheat显示文摘 | Miller B S Afework S Pomeram Z Y | 1982 | Cereal Foods World1982，27，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Diversity and habitat association of small mammals in Aridtsy forest, Awi Zone, Ethiopia显示文摘Here, we conducted a survey to examine the diversity, distribution and habitat association of small mammals from August 2011 to February 2012 incorporating both wet and dry seasons in Aridtsy forest, Awi Zone, Ethiopia. Using Sherman live traps and snap traps in four randomly selected trapping grids, namely, natural forest, bushland, grassland and farmland, a total of 468 individuals comprising eight species of small mammals(live traps) and 89 rodents of six species(snap traps) were trapped in 2352 and 1200 trap nights, respectively. The trapped small mammals included seven rodents and one insectivore: Lophuromys flavopuntatus(30.6%), Arvicanthis dembeensis(25.8%), Stenocephalemys albipes(20%), Mastomys natalensis(11.6%), Pelomys harringtoni(6.4%), Acomys cahirinus(4.3%), Lemniscomys zebra(0.2%) and the greater red musk shrew(Crocidura flavescens, 1.1%). Analysis showed statistically significant variations in the abundance and habitat preferences of small mammals between habitats during wet and dry seasons. | Getachew BANTIHUN Afework BEKELE | 2015 | Zoological Research2015，36，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) Exposure and DNA Adduct Semi-Quantitation in Archived Human Tissues显示文摘 | Pratt M Margaret John Kaarthik MacLean Allan B Afework Senait Phillips David H Poirier Miriam C | 2011 | International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health2011，，7： | 1 |
| 15 | 埃塞俄比亚Alatish国家公园大型哺乳动物多样性、分布及其与栖息地的联系(英文)显示文摘于2004年8月-2005年3月间研究了Alatish国家公园在雨季和旱季期间大型哺乳动物的多样性和分布。基于地形图、卫片和预调查结果,在4种生境类型中识别出37个100 km2或者更小的斑块。在4个植被类型中随机选择了11个斑块,沿随机选择的样线进行了调查,样线10 km长, 0·2 km宽,覆盖了该区域面积的20 %。使用Shannon-Wiener多样性指数、DISTANCE5·0软件以及Simpson相似性指数分析了大型哺乳动物的多样性以及分布的相似性。记录了20种体型较大的哺乳动物;河边林地在雨季和旱季都有最高的多样性,林地的多样性最低;旱季中4种类型的栖息地具有相似的分布型;由于栖息地退化不能确定物种的分布格局。联合距离取样分析揭示出,旱季和雨季大型哺乳动物的密度较低,分别为4·067只/km2和6·263只/km2。所观察的哺乳动物可分为草食动物(15 %)、游牧动物(30 %)、杂食动物(25 %)与食肉动物(30 %) 。 | Girma MENGESHA Afework BEKELE | 2008 | 动物学报2008，54，1： | 0 |
| 16 | 长毛速掘鼠的生态学以及对埃塞俄比亚中部Angacha地区农田的影响(英文)显示文摘于2005年8月-2006年4月研究了埃塞俄比亚Angacha地区农田中的长毛速掘鼠的分布、多度以及影响。通过直接计数地面的新隆起来估计速掘鼠的分布和多度,通过分析胃容物确定了四个地区(分别代表了'凉爽'和'温暖'的温带气候区)速掘鼠的食物成分。通过挖洞和鼠夹捕捉发现,两个凉爽区域内速掘鼠的数量分别为12只/ha和15只/ha ,而温暖区域内的数量分别为7只/ha和10只/ha。捕捉到31只活体,其中包括22只成体和9只幼体。性比为2·1∶1·0 (雄性∶雌性)。与农田相比,长毛速掘更喜爱开阔的草地以延长其采食隧道。水沟、土地肥力和食物资源的可得性是减少洞穴系统长度(11·3 -18·6 m)的主要因素。雌、雄鼠隐蔽洞(Bolthole)、卧室、采食隧道的长度和深度无显著差异。速掘鼠取食人类种植的埃塞俄比亚蕉和马铃薯所造成的损失占本地经济损失的12 %,控制鼠害的关键是发展合适的控制方法以将对埃塞俄比亚蕉种植的影响减少到最低程度。 | Abebe KOKISO Afework BEKELE | 2008 | 动物学报2008，54，1： | 0 |
| 17 | 埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴Entoto自然公园和Bole Sub-City黑翅牡丹鹦鹉的种群和受胁状况(英文)显示文摘2008年9月至2009 年2月,我们采用样点法调查了埃塞俄比亚首都亚的斯亚贝巴Entoto自然公园和BoleSub-City两地黑翅牡丹鹦鹉(Agapornis taranta)的种群和受胁状况。两地平均共记录到58只黑翅牡丹鹦鹉,其中Bole Sub-city平均记录到46只,Entoto自然公园则平均记录到12只。在Bole Sub-City记录最多的是其干季,最多记录到57只鹦鹉,而在Entoto自然公园记录最多的是其湿季,最多记录到 15 只。在湿季和干季,Entoto自然公园的成年鹦鹉雌雄性比分别为1:0.71和1:0.60,而在Bole Sub-City该比例则分别为1:0.76和1:0.78。对同一地点而言,干湿季之间的成年鹦鹉雌雄性比差异均不显著(p > 0.05)。Entoto 自然公园中影响黑翅牡丹鹦鹉以及其他鸟类现状的主要因素是自然栖息地的破碎化以及因公园内优势树种蓝桉(Eucalyptus globulus)导致的食物资源减少。当地居民的放牧、过度的农业生产以及森林采伐活动造成了土地退化,进而破坏了自然公园的栖息地环境。建议对Entoto自然公园及其他市区公园的植被加以有效地管理,为该地区的鸟类提供合适的生存环境。 | Wondimagegnehu TEKALIGN Afework BEKELE | 2011 | Chinese Birds2011，，4： | 0 |
| 18 | 埃塞俄比亚Senkele Swayne保护区斯韦恩麋羚的种群现状与结构(英文)显示文摘于2005年10月至2006年4月调查了埃塞俄比亚森可勒斯韦恩麋羚保护区旱季和湿季斯韦恩麋羚(Alcelaphus buselaphus swaynei)的种群现状与结构。根据植被类型、道路和沟谷,将研究区划分为5个区域,并且调查了保护区外的一块休耕农地。利用全部计数法计数了每个区域内的斯韦恩麋羚,在28km2的区域内共统计到283只(湿季)和351只(旱季)麋羚,湿季和旱季的麋羚数量变化显著,其季节间差异是由旱季的出生高峰造成的。斯韦恩麋羚种群中雌性个体占42.7%、雄性占36.0%、幼羚占21.3%。某些区域的麋羚数量要高于其它区域,且无论湿季或旱季斯韦恩麋羚多集中在狼尾草高草地中。斯韦恩麋羚的种群结构随季节而变化,其大集群经常出现在湿季而旱季集群较小。斯韦恩麋羚的种群动态因保护程度的不同在不同时期呈不规则性变化。 | Tewodros KUMSSA Afework BEKELE | 2008 | 动物学报2008，54，4： | 0 |
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