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| 1 | Genetic Testing in Professional Football:Perspectives of Key Stakeholders显示文摘Purpose Genetic research in football is currently in it’s infancy but is growing rapidly.However,the practical application of genetic testing in football and the views concerning its use are unknown.Thus,the purpose of this study was to assess the current practical application of genetic testing in professional football and provide an insight into the perspectives of key stakeholders(i.e.,coaches,practitioners,players).Methods In total,122 participants completed an online anonymous survey.This consisted of 21 multiple choice and Likert scale questions,with the option of providing an explanation for each response.Results Findings revealed genetic testing is rarely utilised by key stakeholders(10%)or their respective organisations(14%).However,three quarters(75%)had the opinion that genetic testing will have great utility in the future.The majority(72%)believed genetic testing should be used for athlete development and injury risk,whilst 35%believed that genetic testing should be utilised for talent identification purposes.However,most key stakeholders viewed their own(89%)and their col-leagues’(79%)knowledge related to genetic testing as insufficient;mainly due to ineffective current communication methods(91%).Most believed educational workshops are required(71%),whilst nearly all(91%)were interested in developing their expertise on the utility of genetic testing.Conclusion Genetic testing is rarely used within professional football,although key stakeholders anticipate that it will be utilised more in the future.As such,educational support may prove valuable in improving key stakeholder knowledge and the practical application of genetic testing in professional football. | Alexander B.T.McAuley David C.Hughes Loukia G.Tsaprouni Ian Varley Bruce Suraci homas R.Roos Adam J.Herbert Adam L.Kelly | 2022 | Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise2022，4，1： | 0 |
| 2 | Nutritional Considerations in High Performance Youth Soccer:A Systematic Review显示文摘Purpose As players in high performance youth soccer(HYPS)environments undergo large changes in growth and matura-tion throughout the course of their development,they require specific nutritional intakes if they are to meet these demands.The purpose of this review was to synthesise current nutritional research conducted within HYPS players.Methods A systematic approach,following PRISMA guidelines,was employed to capture all articles related to nutrition within HPYS using the databases MEDLINE and SPORTDiscus.Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using a Downs and Black instrument.Observational and intervention studies which investigated an element of nutritional status,knowledge,or intervention in academy aged players(U9 to U23s)within HPYS settings were included.Results Fifty-three articles qualified assessing:current nutritional intake and energy balance(n=21);ergogenic aids/sup-plements(n=13);hydration status(n=6);the influence of Ramadan fasting(n=4);Vitamin D status(n=4);female HPYS players(n=3);nutrition knowledge(n=2).Outcomes demonstrate a large proportion of HPYS players exhibit insufficient energy and carbohydrate intake,and a lack sufficient periodisation of nutrition to account for varying training/match loads.Large variability in energy intake and expenditure exists between and within chronological age groups,indicating the potential impact on growth and maturation.Female HPYS data is lacking but indicates similar trends to male counterparts.Conclusion HYPS players do not currently meet their energy requirements however the impact of growth and maturation is not fully understood.Furthermore,within this demographic future research is required into the barriers and enablers of players achieving adequate energy intake. | Matthew North Adam L.Kelly Mayur K.Ranchordas Matthew Cole | 2022 | Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise2022，4，3： | 0 |
| 3 | Speed of Thought and Speed of Feet:Examining Perceptual-Cognitive Expertise and Physical Performance in an English Football Academy显示文摘The world's greatest professional football players are able to execute effective tactical decisions as well as fulfil various physical demands.However,the degree to which both are associated with greater potential in a football academy is unknown.Therefore,the aim of this study was to investigate decision-making skill and physical performance as contributing factors to coach potential rankings in an English football academy.Ninety-eight outfield academy players(Foundation Development Phase[FDP]under-9 to under-11 n=40;Youth Development Phase[YDP]under-12 to under-16 n=58)participated in the study.They engaged in 45 film-based simulations at two occlusion phases(e.g.,the visual display is cut-off at a precise time during an action),firstly'during'and secondly'post'execution,to examine decision-making skill.Participants also completed four fitness tests to examine physical performance.A classification of'higher-potentials'(top third)and'lower-potentials'(bottom third)were applied through coach rankings.Independent t-tests compared the decision-making and physical performance tests.Higher-potentials made significantly more accurate decisions within the'post'phase within the FDP(P<0.05)and the'during'phase within the YDP(P<0.05).Additionally,higher-potentials were significantly faster for the 0-30 m sprint in both the FDP and YDP(P<0.05),with higher-potentials within the YDP also significantly faster in the 0-10 m sprint(P<0.05)and jumped significantly higher in the countermovement jump(P<0.05).These findings indicated that greater football potential may be associated with superior perceptual-cognitive expertise and quicker sprint ability in both academy age phases,with a greater discriminatory function within the older cohort. | Adam L.Kelly Mark R.Wilson Daniel T.Jackson Jennifer Turnnidge Craig A.Williams | 2021 | Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise2021，3，1： | 0 |
| 4 | A Systematic Review of the Genetic Predisposition to Injury in Football显示文摘Purpose Synthesise genetic association studies investigating injury involving football players to identify which genetic variants have the most empirical evidence to date.Methods A comprehensive search of the PubMed,SPORTDiscus,and MEDLINE databases until March 11th 2022 identi-fied 34 studies.Inclusion criteria:primary investigations,included football players,examined the association of a genetic variant with injury,and were published in English.Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale.A narrative synthesis summarised results.Results There were 33 candidate gene studies and one genome-wide study,with 9642 participants across all studies(range=43–1311;median=227).Ninety-nine polymorphisms were assessed within 63 genes.Forty-one polymorphisms were associated with injury once.Three polymorphisms had their specific allelic associations with injury replicated twice in independent cohorts:ACTN3(rs1815739)XX genotype was associated with an increased susceptibility to non-contact muscle injuries,ACAN(rs1516797)G allele was associated with increased susceptibility to anterior cruciate ligament(ACL)injuries,and VEGFA(rs2010963)CC genotype was associated with an increased susceptibility to ACL and ligament or tendon injuries.However,several methodological issues(e.g.,small sample sizes,cohort heterogeneity,and population stratification)are prevalent that limit the reliability and external validity of findings.Conclusion At present,the evidence base supporting the integration of genetic information as a prognostic or diagnosis tool for injury risk in football is weak.Future participation of organisations in international consortia is suggested to combat the current methodological issues and subsequently improve clarity concerning the underlying genetic contribution to injury susceptibility. | Alexander B.T.McAuley David C.Hughes Loukia G.Tsaprouni Ian Varley Bruce Suraci Thomas R.Roos Adam J.Herbert Daniel T.Jackson Adam L.Kelly | 2023 | Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise2023，5，2： | 0 |
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