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| 1 | A matched-pair analysis of laparoscopic versus open pancreaticoduodenectomy: oncological outcomes using Leeds Pathology Protocol显示文摘BACKGROUND: Laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy(LPD)is a safe procedure. Oncological safety of LPD is still a matter for debate. This study aimed to compare the oncological outcomes,in terms of adequacy of resection and recurrence rate following LPD and open pancreaticoduodenectomy(OPD).METHODS: Between November 2005 and April 2009, 12LPDs(9 ampullary and 3 distal common bile duct tumors)were performed. A cohort of 12 OPDs were matched for age,gender, body mass index(BMI) and American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) score and tumor site.RESULTS: Mean tumor size LPD vs OPD(19.8 vs 19.2 mm,P=0.870). R0 resection was achieved in 9 LPD vs 8 OPD(P=1.000). The mean number of metastatic lymph nodes and total number resected for LPD vs OPD were 1.1 vs 2.1(P=0.140)and 20.7 vs 18.5(P=0.534) respectively. Clavien complications grade I/II(5 vs 8), III/IV(2 vs 6) and pancreatic leak(2 vs 1)were statistically not significant(LPD vs OPD). The mean high dependency unit(HDU) stay was longer in OPD(3.7 vs 1.4 days,P<0.001). There were 2 recurrences each in LPD and OPD(logrank,P=0.983). Overall mortality for LPD vs OPD was 3 vs 6(log-rank, P=0.283) and recurrence-related mortality was 2 vs 1.There was one death within 30 days in the OPD group secondary to severe sepsis and none in the LPD group.CONCLUSIONS: Compared to open procedure, LPD achieved a similar rate of R0 resection, lymph node harvest and longterm recurrence for tumors less than 2 cm. Though technically challenging, LPD is safe and does not compromise oncological outcome. | Abdul R Hakeem Caroline S Verbeke Alison Cairns Amer Aldouri Andrew M Smith Krishna V Menon | 2014 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2014，13，4： | 24 |
| 2 | Seminal plasma anti-Müllerian hormone level correlates with semen parameters but does not predict success of testicular sperm extraction (TESE)显示文摘瞄准:估计精液的血浆 anti-Muellerian 在肥沃、不肥沃的男性的荷尔蒙(AMH ) levalrelationships。方法:84 个男盒子被学习并且把组划分了成四:肥沃的 normozoospermia (n = 16 ) , oligoastheno-teratozoospermia (n = 15 ) ,妨碍的精子缺乏(OA )(n = 13 ) 并且非妨碍的精子缺乏(NOA )(n = 40 ) 。Conventionalsemen 分析为所有情况被做。阴囊的活体检视在 NOA 情况中为阴囊的精子抽取(TESE ) 用完了组织病理学说和新鲜织物检查。NOA 组根据 TESE 结果被细分进失败的 TESE (n = 19 ) 并且成功的 TESE (n = 21 ) 。Seminalplasma AMH 被酶估计连接免疫吸着剂试金(ELISA ) 和浆液小囊的刺激荷尔蒙(FSH ) 仅仅由放射性免疫测定(RIA ) 在 NOA 情况中被估计。结果:Meanseminal AMH 比在有意义的 oligoasthenoteratozoospermia 在肥沃的组是显著地更高的(41.5 ± 10.9 pmol/L 对 30.5 ± 10.3 pmol/L, P <
0.05 ) 。精液的 AMH 没在任何 OA 病人被检测。精液的 AMH 与阴囊的体积断然被相关( r = 0.329 , P =0.005 ),精子计数( r = 0.483 , P = 0.007 ),精子活动性百分比( r = 0.419 , P = 0.021 )并且否定地与精子反常形式百分比( r =-0.413, p = 0.023 )。不重要的关联与年龄是明显的(r =-0.155, P = 0.414 ) 并且血浆 FSH (r =-0.014, P = 0.943 ) 。在 NOA 情况中,精液的 AMH 在 23/40 情况中是可检测的,他们中的 14 个是成功的 TESE (57.5%) 并且在 17/40 情况中是无法发现的,他们中的 10 个是失败的 TESE (58.2%) 。结论:精液的 plasmaAMH 是在所有 OA 盒子中是不在的一个绝对阴囊的标记。然而,精液的 AMH 在 NOA 情况中为成功的阴囊的精子检索有差的可预测性。 | Taymour Mostafa Medhat K. Amer Guirgis Abdel-Malak Taha Abdel Nsser Wael Zohdy Shedeed Ashour Dina El-Gayar Hosam H. Awad | 2007 | Asian Journal of Andrology2007，9，2： | 17 |
| 3 | Appraisal of active tectonics in Hindu Kush:Insights from DEM derived geomorphic indices and drainage analysis显示文摘在构造地活跃的印度人 Kush (NW 巴基斯坦和 NE 阿富汗) 的风景源于垂直、水平的外壳的块运动以及侵蚀和免职过程的效果的复杂集成。在这个区域的活跃 tectonics 极大地影响了排水系统和似地球形状的表情。学习区域是三条重要山脉(印度人 Kush-Karakorum-Himalayas ) 的一个连接并且因此是一个理想的自然实验室调查源于印度欧亚大陆碰撞的相对构造活动。我们用 DEM 评估活跃 tectonics 导出的排水网络和似地球形状的索引 hypsometric 积分(嗨),溪流长度坡度( SL ),分数维的尺寸( FD ),盆不对称现象因素( AF ),盆形状索引( B ),山谷地板宽度到山谷高度比率( Vf )和山脉前面蜿蜒( Smf )。从这些索引获得的结果被联合用 GIS 产出相对活跃 tectonics (IRAT ) 的一个索引。七个测量似地球形状的索引的一般水准被用来在学习区域评估相对构造活动的分发。我们定义四个班定义相对构造活动的度:班 1__very 高度(1.0 IRAT < 1.3 ) ;班 2__high (1.3 IRAT < 1.5 ) ;班 3moderate (1.5 IRAT < 1.8 ) ;并且班 4low (1.8 IRAT ) 。鉴于结果,我们断定这条联合途径允许与活跃 tectonics 有关的高度使变形的区域的鉴定。Landsat 形象和领域观察也基于偏斜的溪流,使变形的地形,活跃的山前面和三角形的方面证实活跃 tectonics 的存在。IRAT 的指示的价值与已知的亲戚的区域一致高举率,地形和地质学。 | Syed Amer Mahmood Richard Gloaguen | 2012 | Geoscience Frontiers2012，3，4： | 15 |
| 4 | Experimental investigation of a cook-off temperature in a hot barrel显示文摘The experimental investigations of the effect of contact time/temperature on initiating the cook-off using 7.62 mm calibre cartridge cases(CC) were conducted previously.These cartridges were hlled with commercial off-the-shelf(COTS) double based(DB) propellant(Bulls Eye)and were loaded in a hot chamber.The thermal explosion temperature is of great significance to both weapon designers and safety inspectors as it provides the operational limit and safe operating temperature.For CC under test,it was found that the cook-off temperatures of this propellant were encountered with the heat transfer profile of the simulated gun barrel between 151.4 ℃ and 153.4 ℃,with a reaction occurring in less than300 s after the round was chambered.Usefully,each experiment was found to be consistent and repeatable. | Amer HAMEED Mathew AZAVEDO Philip PITCHER | 2014 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2014，10，2： | 9 |
| 5 | Multidisciplinary Design and Optimization of Multistage Ground-launched Boost Phase Interceptor Using Hybrid Search Algorithm显示文摘This article proposes a multidisciplinary design and optimization (MDO) strategy for the conceptual design of a multistage ground-based interceptor (GBI) using hybrid optimization algorithm,which associates genetic algorithm (GA) as a global optimizer with sequential quadratic programming (SQP) as a local optimizer.The interceptor is comprised of a three-stage solid propulsion system for an exoatmospheric boost phase intercept (BPI).The interceptor's duty is to deliver a kinetic kill vehicle (KKV) to the optimal position in space to accomplish the mission of intercept.The modules for propulsion,aerodynamics,mass properties and flight dynamics are integrated to produce a high fidelity model of the entire vehicle.The propulsion module comprises of solid rocket motor (SRM) grain design,nozzle geometry design and performance prediction analysis.Internal ballistics and performance prediction parameters are calculated by using lumped parameter method.The design objective is to minimize the gross lift off mass (GLOM) of the interceptor under the mission constraints and performance objectives.The proposed design and optimization methodology provide designers with an efficient and powerful approach in computation during designing interceptor systems. | Qasim Zeeshan Khurram Nisar Ali Kamran Amer Rafique | 2010 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2010，23，2： | 8 |
| 6 | Robot-Assisted Minimally Invasive Distal Pancreatectomy Is Superior to the Laparoscopic Technique显示文摘 | Mustapha Daouadi Amer H. Zureikat Mazen S. Zenati Haroon Choudry Alan Tsung David L. Bartlett Steven J. Hughes Ken K. Lee A. James Moser Herbert J. Zeh | 2013 | Annals of Surgery2013，，1： | 6 |
| 7 | 腹腔镜治疗多囊卵巢综合征显示文摘 | Saad A K Amer TC Li 杨硕(翻译) 马彩虹(审校) | 2010 | 中国微创外科杂志2010，10，3： | 6 |
| 8 | Hierarchical Metal-Organic Frameworks with Macroporosity:Synthesis, Achievements,and Challenges显示文摘Introduction of multiple pore size regimes into metalorganic frameworks(MOFs)to form hierarchical porous structures can lead to improved performance of the material in various applications.In many cases,where interactions with bulky molecules are involved,enlarging the pore size of typically microporous MOF adsorbents or MOF catalysts is crucial for enhancing both mass transfer and molecular accessibility.In this review,we examine the range of synthetic strategies which have been reported thus far to prepare hierarchical MOFs or MOF composites with added macroporosity.These fabrication techniques can be either pre-or post-synthetic and include using hard or soft structural template agents,defect formation,routes involving supercritical CO2,and 3D printing.We also discuss potential applications and some of the challenges involved with current techniques,which must be addressed if any of these approaches are to be taken forward for industrial applications. | Huan VDoan Harina Amer Hamzah Prasanth Karikkethu Prabhakaran Chiara Petrillo Valeska PTing | 2019 | Nano-Micro Letters2019，11，3： | 6 |
| 9 | Hsp70 confines tumor progression of rat histiocytoma and impedes the cytotoxicity induced by natural killer cells and peritoneal macrophages显示文摘Objective:To study the role of inducible form of heat shock protein 70(Hsp70) in the host tumor regression of rat tumor model.Methods:We examined the role of Hsp70 in host tumorigenicity and in vitro cellular cytotoxicity using a rat histocytoma.The differential tumor growth and regression kinetics were studied and correlated with the expression of Hsp70,activation of macrophages and natural killer(NK) cells,and circulating or tumor infiltrating immune molecules in the host system.Results:The sub cuteaneous(s.c.) tumor regression was correlated with increased serum cytokines such as IL-12,TNF P,IFNγand Hsp70.Despite of similar increase of Hsp70 in intraperitoneal(i.p.) tumor implanted animals,animals succumb to tumor growth,further,evidently,no immune molecule activation was observed.The viral promoter driven Hsp70 over expression in these tumor cells restrained solid tumor growth,however,failed to inhibit ascites growth.The NK cells from s.c.immunized animals induces cytotoxicity in the presence of anti-tumor antibody,which necessitated CD40-L expression,conversely,NK cells from i.p.immunized animals failed to induce cytotoxicity.The NK cells from s.c.or i.p.implanted animals with Hsp70 positive tumor cells failed to induce such cytotoxicity.The peritoneal macrophages isolated from s.c.tumor implanted animals when co-cultured with parental BC-8 cells lyses tumor cells,nevertheless entail macrophage specific TNFαexpression.On the contrary,Hsp70 expressing BC-8 tumor cells were resistant to peritoneal macrophage induced cytolysis.Conclusions:This study brings out that Hsp70 possibly involved in regulating the host tumor response and cellular cytotoxicity. | Amere Subbarao Sreedhar | 2010 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine2010，3，4： | 5 |
| 10 | Effect of Using Magnetic Brackish Water on Irrigated Bell Pepper Crop (Capsicum annuum L.) Characteristics in Lower Jordan Valley/West Bank显示文摘 | Amer Marei Dia Rdaydeh Dia Karajeh Nawaf Abu-Khalaf | 2014 | Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A)2014，4，10： | 5 |
| 11 | An Integrative Meta-analysis of MicroRNAs in Hepatocellular Carcinoma显示文摘We aimed to shed new light on the roles of microRNAs(miRNAs)in liver cancer using an integrative in silico bioinformatics analysis.A new protocol for target prediction and functional analysis is presented and applied to the 26 highly differentially deregulated miRNAs in hepatocellular carcinoma.This framework comprises:(1)the overlap of prediction results by four out of fve target prediction tools,including TargetScan,PicTar,miRanda,DIANA-microT and miRDB(combining machine-learning,alignment,interaction energy and statistical tests in order to minimize false positives),(2)evidence from previous microarray analysis on the expression of these targets,(3)gene ontology(GO)and pathway enrichment analysis of the miRNA targets and their pathways and(4)linking these results to oncogenesis and cancer hallmarks.This yielded new insights into the roles of miRNAs in cancer hallmarks.Here we presented several key targets and hundreds of new targets that are signifcantly enriched in many new cancer-related hallmarks.In addition,we also revealed some known and new oncogenic pathways for liver cancer.These included the famous MAPK,TGFb and cell cycle pathways.New insights were also provided into Wnt signaling,prostate cancer,axon guidance and oocyte meiosis pathways.These signaling and developmental pathways crosstalk to regulate stem cell transformation and implicate a role of miRNAs in hepatic stem cell deregulation and cancer development.By analyzing their complete interactome,we proposed new categorization for some of these miRNAs as either tumor-suppressors or oncomiRs with dual roles.Therefore some of these miRNAs may be addressed as therapeutic targets or used as therapeutic agents.Such dual roles thus expand the view of miRNAs as active maintainers of cellular homeostasis. | Mahmoud ElHefnawi Bangli Soliman Nourhan Abu-Shahba Marwa Amer | 2013 | Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics2013，11，6： | 5 |
| 12 | Stem cells in gastrointestinal cancers: The road less travelled显示文摘Cancer stem cells(CSC) are thought to be malignant cells that have the capacity to initiate and maintain tumor growth and survival. Studies have described CSC in various gastrointestinal neoplasms such as colon, pancreas and liver and gastroesophageal tumors. The mechanism by which CSC develop remains unclear. Several studies have explored the role of dysregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin, transformation growth factor-beta and hedhog pathways in generation of CSC. In this review, we discuss the various molecular abnormalities that may be related to formation of CSC in gastrointestinal malignancies, strategies to identify CSC and therapeutic strategies that are based on these concepts. Identification and targeting CSC is an intriguing area and may provide a new therapeutic option for patients with cancer including gastrointestinal malignancies. Although great progress has been made, many issues need to be addressed. Precise targeting of CSC will require precise isolation and characterization of those cells. This field is also evolving but further research is needed to identify markers that are specific for CSC.Although the application of this field has not entered the clinic yet, there continues to be significant optimism about its potential utility in overcoming cancer resistance and curing patients with cancer. | Sameh Mikhail Amer Zeidan | 2014 | World Journal of Stem Cells2014，6，5： | 5 |
| 13 | 大型国际活动交通组织规划方法综述显示文摘探讨夏季奥运会采用的交通组织规划方法,同时总结世界上最大规模的特殊活动——沙特阿拉伯麦加朝觐/副朝交通组织规划经验。每年一度的麦加朝觐已经延续几个世纪,在最近几十年人数持续增长,朝圣者已增至600万人,包括朝觐一周内300万人和斋月期间100万人。目前,这项活动是历史上规模最大且定期举行的特殊活动,其规模预计还将大幅增长。奥运会是世界上第二大特殊活动,每4年举办一次,在主办城市持续2周。通常奥运会主办城市自身的交通压力已经非常巨大,在奥运会期间同时还要额外满足4万名奥运官员和运动员以及800万名观众的出行需求。因此,奥运会交通组织规划对于保障赛事顺利开展至关重要。通过描述这两项活动的背景和交通供需特征,概述已有交通组织规划方法,旨在分析和总结大型活动交通组织规划的经验教训,探讨可供选择的规划策略。 | Graham Currie Amer Shalaby 赵莉 | 2013 | 城市交通2013，11，4： | 4 |
| 14 | Helicobacter pylori may be an initiating factor in newly diagnosed ulcerative colitis patients: A pilot study显示文摘AIM To directly visualize Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) by the highly sensitive and specific technique of immunohistochemical staining in colonic tissue from patients newly diagnosed with ulcerative colitis(UC).METHODS Colonoscopic biopsies from thirty patients with newly diagnosed UC and thirty controls were stained with Giemsa stain and immunohistochemical stain for detection of H. pylori in the colonic tissue. Results were confirmed by testing H. pylori Ag in the stool then infected patients were randomized to receive either anti H. pylori treatment or placebo.RESULTS Twelve/30(40%) of the UC patients were positive for H. pylori by Giemsa, and 17/30(56.6%) by immunohistochemistry stain. Among the control group 4/30(13.3%) and 6/30(20 %) were positive for H. pylori by Giemsa and immunohistochemistry staining respectively. H. pylori was significantly higher in UC than in controls(P = 0.04 and 0.007). All Giemsa positive patients and controls were positive by immunohistochemical stain. Four cases of the control group positive for H. pylori also showed microscopic features consistent with early UC.CONCLUSION H. pylori can be detected in colonic mucosa of patients with UC and patients with histological superficial ulcerations and mild infiltration consistent with early UC. There seems to be an association between UC and presence of H. pylori in the colonic tissue. Whether this is a causal relationship or not remains to be discovered. | Loai Mansour Ferial El-Kalla Abdelrahman Kobtan Sherief Abd-Elsalam Mohamed Yousef Samah Soliman Lobna Abo Ali Walaa Elkhalawany Ibrahim Amer Heba Harras Maha M Hagras Mohamed Elhendawy | 2018 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2018，6，13： | 4 |
| 15 | Repellency effect of forty-one essential oils against Aedes, Anopheles, and Culex mosquitoes显示文摘 | Abdelkrim Amer Heinz Mehlhorn | 2006 | Parasitology Research2006，，4： | 3 |
| 16 | Ghrelin attenuates gastrointestinal epithelial damage induced by doxorubicin显示文摘AIM:To examine the influence of ghrelin on the regenerative potential of gastrointestinal(GI)epithelium.METHODS:Damage to GI epithelium was induced in mice by two intravenous injections of doxorubicin(10 and 6 mg/kg).Some of the doxorubicin-treated mice received a continuous subcutaneous infusion of ghrelin(1.25μg/h)for 10 d via implanted mini-osmotic pumps.To label dividing stem cells in the S-phase of the cell cycle,all mice received a single intraperitoneal injection of 5'-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine(BrdU)one hour before sacrifice.The stomach along with the duodenum were then removed and processed for histological examination and immunohistochemistry using anti-BrdU antibody.RESULTS:The results showed dramatic damage to the GI epithelium 3 d after administration of chemotherapy which began to recover by day 10.In ghrelintreated mice,attenuation of GI mucosal damage was evident in the tissues examined postchemotherapy.Immunohistochemical analysis showed an increase in the number of BrdUlabeled cells and an alteration in their distribution along the epithelial lining in response to damage by doxorubicin.In mice treated with both doxorubicin and ghrelin,the number of BrdUlabeled cells was reduced when compared with mice treated with doxorubicin alone.CONCLUSION:The present study suggests that ghrelin enhances the regenerative potential of the GI epithelium in doxorubicintreated mice,at least in part,by modulating cell proliferation. | Mohamed A Fahim Hazem Kataya Rkia El-Kharrag Dena AM Amer Basel al-Ramadi Sherif M Karam | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，33： | 3 |
| 17 | Small-animal PET demonstrates brain metabolic change after using bevacizumab in a rat model of cerebral ischemic injury显示文摘To evaluate the effect of bevacizumab on cerebral ischemia,we used 2-deoxy-2-^(18)F-fluoro-D-glucose(^(18)F-FDG)small-animal positron emission tomography(PET)in the middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)rat model.After baseline neurologic function tests and PET studies,MCAO Sprague-Dawley rats received bevacizumab or normal saline(controls).Weekly PET imaging and neurologic function tests showed that the^(18)F-FDG accumulation in the bevacizumab group was similar to that in the controls during the first 2 weeks,but lower than in controls at weeks 3 and 4.However,no difference was found in neurological scores between the groups.The number of von Willebrand factor-positive cells in the bevacizumab group was lower than that in controls.The expression of vascular endothelial growth factor was higher than in controls at week 4.These results suggested that bevacizumab does not influence functional recovery in this model of cerebral ischemia during a 4-week period,but inhibits vascular formation and metabolic recovery,which may be considered in cancer patients with a recent ischemic stroke. | Ying Dong Fahuan Song Jianjuan Ma Xuexin He Said Amer Weizhong Gu Mei Tian | 2014 | Neuroscience Bulletin2014，30，5： | 3 |
| 18 | Treatment of hepatitis C virus genotype 4 with peginterferon alfa-2a: Impact of bilharziasis and fibrosis stage显示文摘AIM: To evaluate pegylated interferon alpha2a (PegIFN- α2a) in Egyptian patients with HCV genotype 4, and the impact of pretreatment viral load, co-existent bilharziasis and histological liver changes on response rate. METHODS: A total of 73 na?ve patients (61 with history of bilharziasis) with compensated chronic HCV genotype 4 were enrolled into: group A (38 patients) who received 180 mg PegIFN-alpha2a subcutaneously once weekly for a year and group B (35 patients) received IFN alpha-2a 3 MU 3 times weekly. Ribavirin was added to each regimen at a dose of 1200 mg. Patients were followed for 72 wk and sustained response was assessed. RESULTS: Significant improvement in both end of treatment response (ETR) (P < 0.002) and sustained response (SR) (P < 0.05) was noted with pegylated interferon, where ETR was achieved in 29 (76.3%) and 14 patients (40%) in both groups respectively, and 25 patients in group A (65.8%) and 9 (25.7%) in group B could retain negative viraemia by the end of follow up period. Sustained virological response (SVR) showed a significant negative correlation with age and positive correlation with pretreatment inflammation in patients receiving PegIFN. Viral clearance after 3 mo of therapy was associated with high incidence of ETR and SR (P < 0.001), but without significant difference between both forms of interferon. Significant improvement in response was achieved in patients with high grade fibrosis (grade 3 and 4) with PegIFN-α2a, where SR was seen in 5 out of 13 patients in group A, but none in group B. There was no significant difference in response betweenbilharzial and non-bilharzial patients in both groups. In terms of safety and tolerability, neutropenia was the predominant side effect; both drugs were comparable. CONCLUSION: PegIFN-α2a combined with ribavirin results in improvement in sustained response in HCV genotype 4, irrespective of history of bilharzial infestation. | MF Derbala SR Al Kaabi NZ El Dweik F Pasic MT Butt R Yakoob A Al-Marri AM Amer N Morad A Bener | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，35： | 3 |
| 19 | Fractal Measures of Drainage Network to Investigate Surface Deformation from Remote Sensing Data: A Paradigm from Hindukush (NE-Afghanistan)显示文摘This approach represents the relative susceptibility of the topography of the earth to active deformation by means of geometrical distinctiveness of the river networks. This investigation employs the fractal analysis of drainage system extracted from ASTER Global Digital Elevation Model (GDEM-30m resolution). The objective is to mark active structures and to pinpoint the areas robustly influenced by neotectonics. This approach was examined in the Hindukush, NE-Afghanistan. This region is frequently affected by deadly earthquakes and the modern fault activities and deformation are driven by the collision between the northward-moving Indian subcontinent and Eurasia. This attempt is based on the fact that drainage system is strained to linearize due to neotectonic deformation. Hence, the low fractal dimensions of the Kabul, Panjsher, Laghman, Andarab, Alingar and Kocha Rivers are credited to active tectonics. A comprehensive textural examination is conducted to probe the linearization, heterogeneity and connectivity of the drainage patterns. The aspects for these natural textures are computed by using the fractal dimension (FD), lacunarity (LA) and succolarity (SA) approach. All these methods are naturally interrelated, i.e. objects with similar FD can be further differentiated with LA and/or SA analysis. The maps of FD, LA and SA values are generated by using a sliding window of 50 arc seconds by 50 arc seconds (50' × 50'). Afterwards, the maps are interpreted in terms of regional susceptibility to neotectonics. This method is useful to pinpoint numerous zones where the drainage system is highly controlled by Hindukush active structures. In the North-Northeast of the Kabul block, we recognized active tectonic blocks. The region comprising, Kabul, Panjsher, Andrab, Alingar and Badakhshan is more susceptible to damaging events. This investigation concludes that the fractal analysis of the river networks is a bonus tool to localize areas vulnerable to deadly incidents influencing the Earth’s topography and consequently intimidate human lives. | Syed Amer MAHMOOD Richard GLOAGUEN | 2011 | Journal of Mountain Science2011，8，5： | 3 |
| 20 | Hyper Heuristic Approach for Design and Optimization of Satellite Launch Vehicle显示文摘Satellite launch vehicle lies at the cross-road of multiple challenging technologies and its design and optimization present a typical example of multidisciplinary design and optimization(MDO) process.The complexity of problem demands highly effi-cient and effective algorithm that can optimize the design.Hyper heuristic approach(HHA) based on meta-heuristics is applied to the optimization of air launched satellite launch vehicle(ASLV).A non-learning random function(NLRF) is proposed to con-trol low-level meta-heuristics(LLMHs) that increases certainty of global solution,an essential ingredient required in product conceptual design phase of aerospace systems.Comprehensive empirical study is performed to evaluate the performance advan-tages of proposed approach over popular non-gradient based optimization methods.Design of ASLV encompasses aerodynamics,propulsion,structure,stages layout,mass distribution,and trajectory modules connected by multidisciplinary feasible design approach.This approach formulates explicit system-level goals and then forwards the design optimization process entirely over to optimizer.This distinctive approach for launch vehicle system design relieves engineers from tedious,iterative task and en-ables them to improve their component level models.Mass is an impetus on vehicle performance and cost,and so it is considered as the core of vehicle design process.Therefore,gross launch mass is to be minimized in HHA. | Amer Farhan RAFIQUE HE Linshu Ali KAMRAN Qasim ZEESHAN | 2011 | Chinese Journal of Aeronautics2011，24，2： | 3 |
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