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| 1 | Endoscopic management of postoperative bile leaks显示文摘BACKGROUND: Significant bile leak as an uncommon complication after biliary tract surgery may constitute a serious and difficult management problem. Surgical management of biliary fistulae is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Biliary endoscopic procedures have become the treatment of choice for management of biliary Gstulae. METHODS: Ninety patients presented with bile leaks after cholecystectomy ( open cholecystectomy in 45 patients, cholecystectomy with common bile duct exploration in 20 and laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 25). The presence of bile leaks was confirmed by ERCP and the appearance of bile in percutaneous drainage of abdominal collections. Of the 90 patients with postoperative bile leaks, 18 patients had complete transaction of the common bile duct by ERCP and were subjected to bilioenteric anastomosis. In the remaining patients after cholangiography and localization of the site of bile leaks. therapeutic procedures like sphinctero-tomy, biliary stenting and nasobiliary drainage ( NBD ) were performed. If residual stones were seen in the common bile duct, sphincterotomy was followed by stone extraction using dormia basket. Nasobiliary drain or stents of 7F size were placed according to the standard techniques. The NBD was removed when bile leak stopped and closure of the fistula confirmed cholangiographically. The stents were removed after an interval of 6-8 weeks. RESULTS: Bile leaks in 72 patients occurred in the cystic duct (38 patients), the common bile duct (30 ), and the right hepatic duct (4). Of the 72 patients with post-operative bile leak, 24 had associated retained common bile duct stones and 1 had ascaris in common bile duct. All the 72 patients were subjected to therapeutic procedures including sphincterotomy with stone extraction followed by biliary stenting (24 patients), removal of ascaris and biliary stenting (1), sphincterotomy with biliary stenting (18), sphincterotomy with NBD (12), biliary stenting alone (12), and NBD alone (5). Bile leaks stopped in all patients at a median interval of 3 days (range 3-16 days) after endoscopic in- terventions. No difference was observed in efficacy and in time for the treatment of bile leak by sphincterotomy with endoprosthesis or endoprosthesis alone in patients with bile leak after surgery. CONCLUSIONS: Post-cholecystectomy bile leaks occur most commonly in the cystic duct and associated common bile duct stones are found in one-third of cases. Endoscopic therapy is safe and effective in the management of bile leaks and fistulae after surgery. Sphincterotomy with endoprosthesis or endoprosthesis alone is equally effective in the management of postoperative bile leak. | Naresh Agarwal Barjesh Chander Sharma Sanjay Garg Rakesh Kumar Shiv K Sarin | 2006 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2006，5，2： | 33 |
| 2 | Novel insights into the pathophysiology of varicocele and its association with reactive oxygen species and sperm DNA fragmentation显示文摘精索静脉曲张与减少的男繁殖潜力被联系了。与在 biomolecular 技术的进展,更好理解涉及精索静脉曲张挑起的阴囊的损坏的机制是可能的。尽管机制充分还没被描述了,它是可能的是 multifactorial,当前的证据在联系精索静脉曲张的男 subfertility 的致病建议反应的氧种类(ROS ) 和结果的氧化压力(OS ) 的中央角色。过多的 ROS 与精子 DNA 破碎被联系,它可以调停与精索静脉曲张有关的差的精子功能和授精结果的临床的表明。ROS/OS 和 DNA 破碎测试有潜力与常规精液分析相比提供另外的诊断、预示的信息并且可以在单个病人指导治疗学的管理策略。 | Chak-Lam Cho Sandro C Esteves Ashok Agarwal | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，2： | 30 |
| 3 | Relationship between acrosin activity of human spermatozoa and oxidative stress显示文摘Aim: To study the association between seminal oxidative stress and human sperm acrosin activity.Methods: It is a prospective study consisting of 30 infertile men and 12 fertile normozoospermic volunteers. A full history, clinical examination and scrotal ultrasound were done to exclude other related factors such as smoking and varicocele. Presence of white blood cells (WBCs) in semen samples was evaluated by peroxidase staining. Lipid peroxidation in spermatozoa was induced after incubating with ferrous sulphate (4mmol/L) and sodium ascorbate (20 mmol/L). Induced peroxidation of spermatozoa was assessed by determining the production of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS). Acrosin activity was measured using the gelatinolysis technique. The halo diameters around the sperm heads and the percentages of spermatozoa showing halo formation were evaluated. An acrosin activity index was calculated by multiplying the halo diameter by the halo formation rate. Results: A significant difference was observed in acrosin activity parameters and TBARS levels between samples with WBCs (>1×10^6/mL of ejaculate) and those without. This difference was also noted between the normozoospermic and the oligoasthenoteratozoospermic semen samples. The TBARS production by spermatozoa had a significant negativecorrelation with the acrosin activity index (r=-0.89, P<0.001). Conclusion: The presence of oxidative stress in an individual with leukocytospermia and/or abnormal semen parameters is associated with impaired sperm function as measured by its acrosin activity. (Asian J Androl 2004 Dec; 6:313-318) | Adel A.Zalata Ashraf H.Ahmed Shyam S.R.Allamaneni Frank H.Comhaire Ashok Agarwal | 2004 | Asian Journal of Andrology2004，6，4： | 27 |
| 4 | 氧化应激检测在男性不育临床中的应用显示文摘活性氧 (ROS)在低浓度发生可以调节正常精子功能 ,而高浓度ROS危害精子的存活力和功能。ROS产生过量与抗氧化系统损伤会发生氧化应激 (OS)。目前认为损伤OS促进了一系列男性生殖功能的病理学改变。ROS介导的精子质膜过氧化损伤 ,可以解释在高比例的不育病人中观察到的精子功能缺陷。ROS产生过多也会破坏精子核内DNA的完整性。DNA碱基对OS敏感 ,这些结构的过氧化能引起碱基修饰、DNA链断裂以及染色质交联。由过量ROS诱发的DNA损伤会加速生殖细胞凋亡过程 ,导致与男性不育相关的精子计数降低 ,以及可以解释近半个世纪以来所观察到的精液质量明显下降现象。近 10年来 ,克里夫兰临床基金会的研究组已经查明了男性不育中OS的关键作用 ;研究的主要目的是将这些重要的知识从实验室转向临床应用。我们设计的研究目标 :①理解精液中OS发生的精确机制 ;②建立准确评估OS状态的实验 ,并进行质控研究 ;③检测OS与精子核DNA损伤之间的相关性 ; | Ashok Agarwal Ramadan Abdou Saleh | 2002 | 中华男科学杂志2002，8，1： | 26 |
| 5 | Gestational diabetes mellitus: An update on the current international diagnostic criteria显示文摘The approach to screening and diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM) around the world is disorderly. The protocols for diagnosis vary not only in-between countries, but also within countries. Furthermore, in any country, this disparity occurs in-between its hospitals and often exists within a single hospital. There are many reasons for these differences. There is the lack of an international consensus among preeminent health organizations(e.g., American College of Gynecologists and World Health Organization). Often there is a disagreement between the country's national diabetes organization, its local health society and its regional obstetric organization with each one recommending a different option for approaching GDM. Sometimes the causes for following an alternate approach are very obvious, e.g., a resource strapped hospital is unable to follow the ivory-tower demanding recommendation of its obstetric organization. But more often than not, the rationale for following or not following a guideline, or following different guideline within the same geographic area is without any perceivable explanation. This review is an attempt to understand the problems afflicting the screening and diagnosis of GDM globally. It traces the major temporal changes in the diagnostic criteria of(1) some respected health organizations; and(2) a few selected countries. With an understanding of the reasons for this disparity, a way forward can be found to reach the ultimate goal: a single global guideline for GDM followed worldwide. | Mukesh M Agarwal | 2015 | World Journal of Diabetes2015，6，6： | 21 |
| 6 | Outcome of varicocele repair in men with nonobstructive azoospermia: systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘这全身的评论的目的是评估与 nonobstructive 精子缺乏(NOA ) 在不肥沃的人修理临床的精索静脉曲张的利益。通过手术获得的精子检索率(SRR ) 和与检索阴囊的精子的使用跟随帮助繁殖技术(艺术) 的怀孕率是主要结果。第二等的结果在手术后的精液包括了可行精子的存在避免阴囊的精子检索和怀孕率(帮助并且无助) 用手术后的呼喊的精子。收集数据的电子搜索用 MEDLINE 和 EMBASE 数据库被执行直到 2015 年 4 月。十八研究在这系统的评论被包括并且说明了与 NOA 和精索静脉曲张被诊断的 468 个病人。这些病人受到也外科的精索静脉曲张修理或经皮的 embolization。评估精子检索结果的三控制研究显示在经历了 varicocelectomy 的病人,没有精索静脉曲张修理, SRR 与那些相比增加了(或:2.65;95% CI:1.69-4.14;P <0.001 ) 。尽管有阴囊的精子的使用的怀孕率赞成了 varicocelectomy 组,结果不是统计上重要的(临床的怀孕率或:2.07;95% CI:0.92-4.65;P = 0.08;实时出生率或:2.19;95% CI:0.99-4.83;P = 0.05 ) 。留下十五研究报导手术后的精液分析结果。在 43.9% 病人(变化:20.8%-55.0%) ,精子在手术后的精液被发现。怀孕率为无助、帮助(在 IVF/ICSI 以后) 分别地在有在手术后的精液的精子的人的组是 13.6% 和 18.9% 。我们的调查结果显示在有 NOA 和临床的精索静脉曲张的病人的 varicocelectomy 与改进 SRR 被联系。另外,约 44% 对待的人将有在精液的足够的精子避免精子检索。有手术后的呼喊的精子和收获阴囊的精子的怀孕结果上的有限数据预防关于在对待的个人的可能的增加的富饶潜力的任何坚挺的结论。在结论,我们的学习的结果显示有 NOA 和临床的精索静脉曲张的不肥沃的人得益于 varicocelectomy。给可得到的证据的低 / 中等的质量,医生们与精索静脉曲张的风险和好处修理的 NOA 与他们的病人讨论,是明智的。 | Sandro C Esteves Ricardo Miyaoka Matheus Roque Ashok Agarwal | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，2： | 21 |
| 7 | 氧化磷酸化与糖酵解:精子以何种途径获取能量?显示文摘精子为高度特异性的细胞,提供精子重要功能的主要能源一一三磷酸腺苷(ATP)主要通过两种代谢途径形成,即糖酵解和氧化磷酸化(OXPHOS)。ATP除了在精子的头部和鞭毛的主段通过糖酵解的方式产生外,在线粒体主要通过OXPHOS的方式产生。然而,在精子成功受精的过程中主要以何种方式产生ATP具有很大的差异性。与糖酵解相比,线粒体呼吸被认为是一种更有效的ATP合成代谢过程。然而,研究表明ATP从线粒体到精子鞭毛末端的扩散电位不足以支持精子的运动,这表明糖酵解是精子尾部区域主要的获能方式。多项研究表明虽然糖酵解是鞭毛产生ATP的主要方式,但是,精子运动所需要的能量主要还是来自于线粒体的呼吸。有些研究表明当糖酵解受到抑制的时候,精子仍能维持其正常的运动和功能,虽然目前尚未明确这种运动是否能持续足够长的时间,是否能够达到有效受精。本文主要目的是对哺乳动物精子能量的代谢进行综述,分析人类精子在受精的过程中以何种ATP代谢途径作为主要的能量供应方式。 | Stefan S du Plessis Ashok Agarwal Gayatri Mohanty Michelle van der Linde | 2015 | Asian Journal of Andrology2015，17，2： | 19 |
| 8 | Outcome of assisted reproductive technology in met with treated and untreated varicocele, systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘 | Sandro C Esteves Matheus Roque Ashok Agarwal | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，2： | 19 |
| 9 | 在过敏 bronchopulmonary 麴菌病的胸 X 光线照相术、计算的 tomographic 表明显示文摘 AIM:To investigate the chest radiographic and high resolution computed tomography(HRCT)chest manifestations in glucocorticoid-naive allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis(ABPA)patients.METHODS:This is a prospective observational study and includes 60 consecutive glucocorticoid-naive patients with ABPA who underwent chest radiography and HRCT of the chest(1.25 mm every 10 mm)in the routine diagnostic workup for ABPA.RESULTS:Chest radiographs were normal in 50%of cases.Of the remainder,most patients demonstrated permanent findings in the form of parallel line and ring shadows suggesting bronchiectasis.Consolidation was detected in 17 cases but in the majority,the corresponding HRCT chest scan showed mucus-filled bronchiectatic cavities.Chest HRCT was normal in 22 patients,while central bronchiectasis(CB)was demonstrated in the remaining 38 patients.Bronchiectasis extended to the periphery in 33%-43%depending on the criteria used for defining CB.The other findings observed on HRCT were mucoid impaction,centrilobular nodules and high-attenuation mucus in decreasing order of frequency.CONCLUSION:Patients with ABPA can present with normal HRCT chest scans.Central bronchiectasis cannot be considered a characteristic feature of ABPA as peripheral bronchiectasis is commonly observed.Consolidation is an uncommon finding in ABPA. | Ritesh Agarwal Ajmal Khan Mandeep Garg Ashutosh N Aggarwal Dheeraj Gupta | 2012 | World Journal of Radiology2012，4，4： | 14 |
| 10 | Acute renal dysfunction in liver diseases显示文摘Renal dysfunction is common in liver diseases,either as part of multiorgan involvement in acute illness or secondary to advanced liver disease.The presence of renal impairment in both groups is a poor prognostic indicator.Renal failure is often multifactorial and can present as pre-renal or intrinsic renal dysfunction.Obstructive or post renal dysfunction only rarely complicates liver disease.Hepatorenal syndrome(HRS)is a unique form of renal failure associated with advanced liver disease or cirrhosis,and is characterized by functional renal impairment without significant changes in renal histology.Irrespective of the type of renal failure,renal hypoperfusion is the central pathogenetic mechanism,due either to reduced perfusion pressure or increased renal vascular resistance.Volume expansion,avoidance of precipitating factors and treatment of underlying liver disease constitute the mainstay of therapy to prevent and reverse renal impairment.Splanchnic vasoconstrictor agents,such as terlipressin,along with volume expansion,and early placement of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt(TIPS)may be effective in improving renal function in HRS.Continuous renal replacement therapy(CRRT)and molecular absorbent recirculating system(MARS)in selected patients may be life saving while awaiting liver transplantation. | Alex P Betrosian Banwari Agarwal Emmanuel E Douzinas | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，42： | 14 |
| 11 | Endoscopic management of acute cholangitis in elderly patients显示文摘AIM: To evaluate clinical presentation, etiology, compli-cations and response to treatment in elderly patients with acute cholangitis.METHODS: Demographics, etiology of biliary obstruc-tion, clinical features, complications and associated systemic diseases of 175 patients with acute cholangitis were recorded. Endoscopic biliary drainage was performed using nasobiliary drain or stent. The complications related to ERCP, success of biliary drainage, morbidity, mortality and length of hospital stay were evaluated. RESULTS: Of 175 patients, 52 aged ≥ 60 years (groupⅠ, age < 60 years; group Ⅱ, age ≥ 60 years) and 105 were men. Fever was present in 38 of 52 patients of group Ⅱ compared to 120 of 123 in groupⅠ. High fever (fever ≥ 38.0℃) was more common in groupⅠ(118/120 vs 18/38). Hypotension (5/123 vs 13/52), altered sensorium (3/123 vs 19/52), peritonism (22/123 vs 14/52), renal failure (5/123 vs 14/52) and associated comorbid diseases (4/123 vs 21/52) were more common in group Ⅱ. Biliopancreatic malignancy was a common cause of biliary obstruction in group Ⅱ (n = 34) and benign diseases in groupⅠ(n = 120). Indications for biliary drainage were any one of the following either singly or in combination: a fever of ≥ 38.0℃ (n = 136), hypotension (n = 18), peritonism (n = 36), altered sensorium (n = 22), and failure to improve within 72 h of conservative management (n = 22). High grade fever was more common indication of biliary drainage in groupⅠand hypotension, altered sensorium, peritonism and failure to improve within 72 h of conservative management were more common indications in group Ⅱ. Endoscopic biliary drainage was achieved in 172 patients (nasobiliary drain: 56 groupⅠ, 24 group Ⅱ, stent: 64 groupⅠ, 28 group Ⅱ) without any significant age related difference in the success rate. Abdominalpain, fever, jaundice, hypotension, altered sensorium, peritonism and renal failure improved after median time of 5 d in 120 patients in groupⅠ(2-15 d) compared to 10 d in 47 patients of group Ⅱ (3-20 d). Normalization of leucocyte count was seen after a median time of 7 d (3-20 d) in 120 patients in groupⅠcompared to 15 d (5-26 d) in 47 patients in group Ⅱ. There were no ERCP related complications in either group. Five patients (carcinoma gallbladder n = 3, CBD stones n = 2) died in group Ⅱ and they had undergone biliary drainage after failure of response to conservative management for 72 h. There was a higher mortality in patients in group Ⅱ despite successful biliary drainage (0/120 vs 5 /52). Length of hospital stay was longer in group Ⅱ patients (16.4 ± 5.6, 7-30 d) than in groupⅠpatients (8.2 ± 2.4, 7-20 d).CONCLUSION: Elderly patients with acute cholangitis have a high incidence of severe cholangitis, concomitant medical illnesses, hypotension, altered sensorium, peritonism, renal failure and higher mortality even after successful biliary drainage. | Naresh Agarwal Barjesh Chander Sharma Shiv K Sarin | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，40： | 14 |
| 12 | Obesity: modern man's fertility nemesis显示文摘肥胖流行成长了到有关最近的年里,不是仅仅在西方的世界上的比例,但是在也开发国家。在男富饶和肥沃的相应减少可以向肥胖在平行被解释,并且肥胖应该被看作男富饶的病原学。研究证明肥胖由减少精液质量贡献不孕,改变精子 proteomes,贡献可勃起的机能障碍,并且导致与肥胖有关的另外的物理问题。为在男不孕上解释肥胖的效果的机制包括睡觉呼吸暂停和增加的阴囊的温度包括反常繁殖荷尔蒙层次,与肥胖联系的脂肪质导出荷尔蒙和 adipokines 的一个增加的版本,和另外的物理问题。最近,为肥胖相关的不孕的基因因素和标记被发现了并且可以解释肥沃的肥胖、不肥沃的肥胖的人之间的差别。处理为与肥胖有关的不孕是可得到的不仅,而且作为为从肥胖产生的另外的 comorbidities 的一个处理。自然重量损失,以及 bariatric 外科是为肥胖的病人的选择并且在恢复富饶和正常神经质的侧面显示出有希望的结果。脂肪质导出荷尔蒙的治疗学的干预包括 aromatase 禁止者,外长的睾丸激素代替治疗和维护和规定,特别地 leptin,可能也能在肥胖的男性恢复富饶。因为在这个区域的研究的相对不知道和缺乏,控制了研究应该被承担,更多的焦点应该作为男不孕的 etiolgy 被给肥胖。 | Stephanie Cabler Ashok Agarwal Margot Flint Stefan S. Du Plessis | 2010 | Asian Journal of Andrology2010，12，4： | 14 |
| 13 | Varicocele and male infertility: current concepts and Future perspectives显示文摘Andrology 的亚洲杂志的这期特刊充分被奉献给精索静脉曲张的题目的区域,它是泌尿学, Andrology,和繁殖的药的地里的最争论的期之一。作为一个临床的实体认出了为在一个世纪,从拉丁文的精索静脉曲张:静脉曲张(扩大静脉) 并且从希腊语:kele (肿瘤) 仍然在男富饶和 gonadal 功能上在可争辩的否定效果上在科学家和临床医生之中得到激烈的争论并且自从它的第一在 18 th 世纪。 | Ashok Agarwal Sandro C Esteves | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，2： | 13 |
| 14 | Lycopene and male infertility显示文摘反应的氧种类(ROS ) 的过多的数量引起氧化应力的一个状态,它导致精子膜类脂化合物 peroxidation, DNA 损坏和 apoptosis,导致减少的精子生存能力和活动性。ROS 的提高的层次是自发的男因素不孕的一个主要原因,它是今天的一个逐渐地普通的问题。Lycopene,所有类胡萝卜素的大多数有势力汗衫氧 quencher,因为它的抗氧化剂性质,是为男不孕的一种可能的处理选择。由反应与并且抵销自由激进分子, lycopene 能减少氧化应力的发生并且这样,减少将不那样被施加在精子身上的损坏。lycopene 可以在睾丸经由 nonoxidative 机制有另外的有益的效果,这被要求,例如差距连接通讯,基因表示的调整,房间周期和 immunoenhancement 的规定。在人和动物上进行的各种各样的 lycopene 补充研究在减轻男 infertility— 显示出有希望的结果;当精子计数和生存能力,和一般免疫被增加时,类脂化合物 peroxidation 和 DNA 损坏被减少。这些参数的改进在氧化应力显示减小,并且这样精子对氧化损坏不太脆弱,它增加使肥沃的一个正常精子的机会卵。人的试用每天与 lycopene 的 4-8 mg 的补充在精子参数和怀孕率报导改进 3-12 月了。然而,进一步详细说明了,广泛的研究仍然被要求为男不孕作为一个处理决定剂量和 lycopene 的实用性。 | Damayanthi Durairajanayagam Ashok Agarwal Chloe Ong Pallavi Prashast | 2014 | Asian Journal of Andrology2014，16，3： | 13 |
| 15 | Effect of varicocele on semen characteristics according to the new 2010 World Health Organization criteria: a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘这研究在不肥沃的人在精液参数上调查了精索静脉曲张的效果基于新人的精液的考试的 2010 世界健康组织实验室手册。精液分析结果(体积,精子计数,活动性,和形态学) 是主要结果。收集数据的电子搜索用 Medline/PubMed 被进行, SJU 发现,并且 Google 学者数据库。我们寻找了从 2010 出版到 2015 年 8 月的文章,即,在出版以后 2010 用手。我们包括了仅仅报导成年的不肥沃的人的实际精液参数与临床的精索静脉曲张诊断了并且包含了没与精索静脉曲张被诊断的肥沃的人或 normozoospermic 人的一个控制组的那些研究。十研究在元分析被包括,包含 1232 个人。精索静脉曲张与减少的精子计数被联系(吝啬的差别:− 44.48 ×10 6 ml −1 ;95% CI:− 61.45, − 27.51 ×10 6 ml −1 ;P <0.001 ) ,活动性(吝啬的差别:− 26.67% ;95% CI:− 34.27, − 19.08;P <0.001 ) ,并且形态学(吝啬的差别:− 19.68% ;95% CI:− 29.28, − 10.07;P <0.001 ) 然而并非精液体积(吝啬的差别:− 0.23 ml;95% CI:− 0.64, 0.17 ) 。亚群分析显示效果的大小被控制子类型影响然而并非实验室手册编辑为精液评价使用了。我们断定那精索静脉曲张是否定地在精液参数上影响精液质量,而是观察分享的效果尺寸的一个重要风险因素不似乎被 WHO 实验室手册编辑影响。在 2010 仍然为精液分析利用了 1999 手册以后,出版的研究的给定的大多数,进一步的研究被要求充分理解临床的含意 2010 在精索静脉曲张和精液参数之间的协会上的实验室手册。 | Ashok Agarwal Reecha Sharma Avi Harle Sandro C Esteves | 2016 | Asian Journal of Andrology2016，18，2： | 13 |
| 16 | Current trends in laparoscopic groin hernia repair: A review显示文摘Hernia is a common problem of the modern world with its incidence more in developing countries. Inguinal hernia is the most common groin hernia repaired worldwide. With advancement in technology operative techniques of repair have also evolved. A Pub Med and COCHRANE database search was accomplished in this regard to establish the current status of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in view of recent published literature. Published literature support that laparoscopic hernia repair is best suited for recurrent and bilateral inguinal hernia although it may be offered for primary inguinal hernia if expertise is available. | Harvinder Singh Pahwa Awanish Kumar Prerit Agarwal Akshay Anand Agarwal | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，9： | 12 |
| 17 | Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis:a premalignant condition?显示文摘BACKGROUND:Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis(XGC)is an uncommon variant of chronic cholecystitis,characterized by marked thickening of the gallbladder wall and dense local adhesions.It often mimics a gallbladder carcinoma(GBC), and may coexist with GBC,leading to a diagnostic dilemma. Furthermore,the premalignant nature of this entity is not known.This study was undertaken to assess the p53,PCNA and beta-catenin expression in XGC in comparison to GBC and chronic inflammation. METHODS:Sections from paraffin-embedded blocks of surgically resected specimens of GBC(69 cases),XGC(65), chronic cholecystitis(18)and control gallbladder(10)were stained with the monoclonal antibodies to p53 and PCNA, and a polyclonal antibody to beta-catenin.p53 expression was scored as the percentage of nuclei stained.PCNA expression was scored as the product of the percentage of nuclei stained and the intensity of the staining(1-3).A cut-off value of 80 for this score was taken as a positive result. Beta-catenin expression was scored as type of expression-membranous,cytoplasmic or nuclear staining. RESULTS:p53 mutation was positive in 52%of GBC cases and 3%of XGC,but was not expressed in chronic cholecystitis and control gallbladders.p53 expression was lower in XGC than in GBC(P<0.0001).PCNA expression was seen in 65%of GBC cases and 11%of XGC,but not in chronic cholecystitis and control gallbladders.PCNA expression was higher in GBC than XGC(P=0.0001),but there was no significant difference between the XGC,chronic cholecystitis and control gallbladder groups.Beta-catenin expression was positive in the GBC,XGC, chronic cholecystitis and control gallbladder groups.But the expression pattern in XGC,chronic cholecystitis and control gallbladders was homogenously membranous,whereas in GBC the membranous expression pattern was altered to cytoplasmic and nuclear.CONCLUSION:The expression of p53,PCNA and beta-catenin in XGC was significantly different from GBC and similar to chronic cholecystitis,thus indicating the inflammatory nature of XGC and may not support a premalignant nature of the lesion. | Mila Ghosh Puja Sakhuja Anil K Agarwal | 2011 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2011，10，2： | 11 |
| 18 | 低阶煤在干燥氧气下低温氧化过程的机理研究显示文摘采用pulse calorimeter仪器,对低阶煤在干燥氧气下低温氧化过程进行了研究.实验结果表明,低阶煤在干燥氧气下的氧化反应热随着温度的上升而增加,并得到了与Arrhenius公式相同的动力学方程以及反应过程的活化能.提出了干燥氧气下低阶煤低温氧化过程的反应历程为:氧在煤粒表面吸附并生成氧自由基、氧自由基与煤发生氧化反应生成CO2(或CO)、CO2(或CO)由煤粒表面向本体扩散等三步过程.并通过计算和模拟,证明了该反应机理的正确性. | 薛冰 李再峰 陈兴权 李永昕 Agarwal P K | 2006 | 煤炭转化2006，29，2： | 11 |
| 19 | The use of Lactobacillus as an alternative of antibiotic growth promoters in pigs:A review显示文摘Antibiotics, often supplemented in feed, used as a growth promoter, may cause their residual effect in animal produce and also trigger antibiotic resistance in bacteria, which is of serious concern among swine farming entrepreneurs. As an alternative, supplementing probiotics gained interest in recent years.Lactobacillus being the most commonly used probiotic agent improves growth performance, feed conversion efficiency, nutrient utilization, intestinal microbiota, gut health and regulates immune system in pigs. The characteristics of Lactobacillus spp. and their probiotic effects in swine production are reviewed here under. | Runjun Dowarah A.K.Verma Neeta Agarwal | 2017 | Animal Nutrition2017，，1： | 11 |
| 20 | Centralized multi-agent implementation for securing critical loads in PV based microgrid显示文摘The promotion of recent critical load securing of power system research has been directed towards centralized commands and control functions.This paper presents a multi-agent based critical load securing in a PV based microgrid.For the trustworthy operation of critical buildings,the reliability,efficiency and security of the power system should be guaranteed.At present,to increase the security and reliability of electricity supply there is a need to design a distributed and autonomous subset of a larger grid or a microgrid.This work also clearly discusses the modelling and simulation of specialized microgrid called an Intelligent Distributed Autonomous Power Systems(IDAPS).The IDAPS microgrid plays a crucial role in constructing power grid that facilitate use of renewable energy technologies.IDAPS microgrid comprising of solar photovoltaic as distributed energy resources,different loads and their control algorithms,has been developed.Several case studies have been simulated to evaluate the operation of the IDAPS microgrid during parallel,islanded mode operation and securing critical loads during emergency. | A.SUJIL Saurabh Kumar AGARWAL Rajesh KUMAR | 2014 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2014，2，1： | 10 |
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