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| 1 | Mechanism of signal uncertainty generation for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy显示文摘Relatively large measurement uncertainty severely hindered wide application for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy(LIBS),therefore it is of great importance to understand the mechanism of signal uncertainty generation,including initiation and propagation.It has been found that the Auctuation of plasma morphology was the main reason for signal uncertainty.However,it still remains unclear what mechanism leads to laser-induced plasma morphology fluctuation.In the present work,we employed three fast-imaging cameras to capture three successive plasma images fromn a same laser-induced Titanium alloy plasma,which enables us to understand more clearly of the plasma evolution process especially for the early plasma evolution stage when plasma and surrounding gases interact drastically.Seen from the images,the plasma experienced an increasing morphological fuctuation as delay time increased,transforming from a“stable plasma”before the delay time of 100 ns to a“fuctuating plasma”after the delay time of 300 ns.Notably,the frontier part of plasma showed a significant down-ward motion from the delay time of 150 ns to 200 ns and crashed with the lower part of the plasma,making the plasma fatter and later even splitting the plasma into two parts,which was considered as a critical process for the transformation of“stable plasma”to“unstable plasma”.By calculating the correlation coefficient of plasma image pairs at successive delay times,it was found that the higher the similarity between two plasma at early stage,the more similar at later stage;this implied that the tiny plasma fuctuation earlier than the critical delay time(150-200 ns)was amplifed,causing a large plasma fluctuation at the later stage as well as LIBS measurement uncertainty.The initation of slight fluctuation was linked with Rayleigh-Taylor Instability(RTI)due to the drastic material interpenetration at the plasma-ambient gas interface at earlier stage(before 50 ns).That is,the uncertainty generation of LIBS was proposed as:plasma morphology fluctuation was inevitably trigged by RTI at the early stage and the tiny fuctuation was amplified by the back pressed downward process of plasma frontier material,leading to severe morphology fluctuation as well as LIBS signal uncertainty. | Yang-Ting Fu Wei-Lun Gu Zong-Yu Hou Sher Afgan Muhammed Tian-Qi Li Yun Wang Zhe Wang | 2021 | Frontiers of physics2021，16，2： | 4 |
| 2 | Sustainability assessment of cogeneration sector development in Croatia显示文摘 | Marko L Afgan Naim H Neven D | 2006 | ENERGY2006，31，13： | 1 |
| 3 | Sustainable energy development显示文摘 | AFGAN N H GOBAISI D A CARV ALHO M G | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 4 | Sustainability assessment of a hybrid energy system显示文摘 | Afgan N.H Carvalho M.G | | 0，，08： | 1 |
| 5 | Orthogonal blade-vortex interaction on a helicopter tail rotor显示文摘 | Filippone A Afgan I | 2008 | AIAA Journal2008，46，6： | 1 |
| 6 | Structure-activity relationships of imperialine derivatives and their anticholinergic activity显示文摘 | Atta-ur-Rahman Iqbal Choudhary M Afgan Farooq | 1998 | Planta Medica1998，64，： | 1 |
| 7 | Galaxy CloudMan: delivering cloud compute clusters 显示文摘 | AFGAN E BAKER D CORAOR N | 2010 | BMC bioinformatics2010，11，12： | 1 |
| 8 | Numerical simulation of generic side mirror of a car using large eddy simulation with polyhedral meshes显示文摘 | AFGAN I C MOULINEC D L | 2008 | Int J Numerical Methods Fluids2008，56，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Boiling heat transfer from surfaces with porous with porous layer 显示文摘 | Afgan N H Jovic L A Kovalev S A | 1985 | Int J Heat and Mass Transfer1985，28，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Sustainability assess- ment of a hybrid energy system显示文摘 | AFGAN NH CARVALHO MG | 2008 | Energy Policy2008，36，8： | 1 |
| 11 | Concept of expert system for boiler fouling assessment显示文摘 | Afgan N H Carvalho M G Coelho P | 1996 | Applied Thermal Engineering1996，16，10： | 1 |
| 12 | Knowledge based system for fouling assessment of power plant boiler显示文摘 | Afgan N H He X Carvalho M G | 1999 | Heat and Technology1999，17，1： | 1 |
| 13 | The transient transpiration heat flux meter显示文摘 | Martins N Cslisto H Afgan N | 2006 | Applied Thermal Engineering2006，26，10： | 1 |
| 14 | Knowledge-base Expert Sys- tem for Fouling Assessment of Industrial Heat Ex- changers 显示文摘 | Afgan N H Carvalho M G | 1996 | Applied Thermal Engineering1996，16，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Scalable distributed computing hierarchy : Cloud, fog and dew computing 显示文摘 | Skala K Davidov6 D Afgan E | 2015 | Open Journal of Cloud Computing2015，2，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Large eddy simulation of turbulent flow for wall mounted cantilever cylinders of aspect ratio 6 and 10 显示文摘 | Afgan Imran Moulinec Charles | 2007 | International Journal of Heat and Fluid Flow2007，28，： | 1 |
| 17 | Concept of Expert System for Boiler Fouling Assessment显示文摘 | Afgan N H Cavalho M G Coelho P | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Knowledge-based Expert System for Fouling Assessment of Industrial Heat Exchangers显示文摘 | Afgan N H Cavalho M G | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 19 | Concept of expert system for boiler fouling assessment 显示文摘 | Afgan N H Carvalho M G Coelho P | 1996 | applied Thermal Engineering1996，16，10： | 1 |
| 20 | Multi-criteria assessment of new and renewable energy power plants显示文摘 | Naim H. Afgan Maria G. Carvalho | 2002 | Energy2002，，8： | 1 |
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