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| 1 | R&D and application of voltage sourced converter based high voltage direct current engineering technology in China显示文摘As a new generation of direct current(DC)transmission technology,voltage sourced converter(VSC)based high voltage direct current(HVDC)has been widely developed and applied all over the world.China has also carried out a deep technical research and engineering application in this area,and at present,it has been stepped into a fast growing period.This paper gives a general review over China’s VSC based HVDC in terms of engineering technology,application and future development.It comprehensively analyzes the technical difficulties and future development orientation on the aspects of the main configurations of VSC based HVDC system,topological structures of converters,control and protection technologies,flexible DC cables,converter valve tests,etc.It introduces the applicable fields and current status of China’s VSC based HVDC projects,and analyzes the application trends of VSC based HVDC projects both in China and all over the world according to the development characteristics and demands of future power grids. | Guangfu TANG Zhiyuan HE Hui PANG | 2014 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2014，2，1： | 55 |
| 2 | Coordinated optimal dispatch and market equilibrium of integrated electric power and natural gas networks with P2G embedded显示文摘As power to gas(P2 G) technology gradually matures, the coupling between electricity networks and natural gas networks should ideally evolve synergistically.With the intent of characterizing market behaviors of integrated electric power and natural gas networks(IPGNs)with P2 G facilities, this paper establishes a steady-state model of P2 G and constructs optimal dispatch models of an electricity network and a natural gas network separately. In addition, a concept of slack energy flow(SEF) is proposed as a tool for coordinated optimal dispatch between the two networks. To study how the market pricing mechanism affects coordinated optimal dispatch in an IPGN, a market equilibrium-solving model for an IPGN is constructed according to game theory, with a solution based on the Nikaido-Isoda function. Case studies are conducted on a joint model that combines the modified IEEE 118-node electricity network and the Belgian 20-node gas network.The results show that if the game between an electric power company and a natural gas company reaches market equilibrium, not only can both companies maximize their profits, but also the coordinated operation of the coupling units, i.e., gas turbines and P2 G facilities, will contribute more to renewable energy utilization and carbon emission reduction. | Zexing CHEN Yongjun ZHANG Tianyao JI Zexiang CAI Licheng LI Zhiheng XU | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 37 |
| 3 | Overview of control,integration and energy management of microgrids显示文摘Microgrids are being developed as a building block for future smart grid system.Key issues for the control and operation of microgrid include integration technologies and energy management schemes.This paper presents an overview of grid integration and energy management strategies of microgrids.It covers a review of power electronics interface topologies for different types of distributed generation(DG)units in a microgrid,a discussion of energy management strategies,as well as the DG interfacing converter control schemes.Considering the intermittent nature of many renewable energy based DG units,the ancillary services of DGs using the available interfacing converter rating are also discussed in the paper. | Yunwei LI Farzam NEJABATKHAH | 2014 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2014，2，3： | 34 |
| 4 | Control and protection strategy for MMC MTDC system under converter-side AC fault during converter blocking failure显示文摘This paper investigates a control and protection strategy for a four-terminal modular multilevel converter(MMC)based high-voltage direct current(HVDC)system under a converter-side AC fault.Based on the system operating condition,a control and protection strategy against the fault with normal blocking of the converter is proposed.In practical,applications encountering such a fault,the MMC at the fault side may experience different conditions of blocking failure.The blocking failures may occur on:①the whole converter;②one converter arm;③one sub-module(SM)/several SMs of one converter arm;④other conditions.The phenomenon of the multi-terminal HVDC(MTDC)system following the fault is analyzed under the first three conditions with real-time simulations using the real-time digital simulator(RTDS).Based on the impact of different conditions on the MTDC system,the necessity of utilizing special control and protection is discussed.A special control and protection strategy is proposed for emergency conditions,and its effectiveness is verified by real-time simulation results. | Puyu WANG Xiao-Ping ZHANG Paul F.COVENTRY Zhou LI | 2014 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2014，2，3： | 34 |
| 5 | Energy internet or comprehensive energy network?显示文摘What needs to be developed from the concept of'Smart Grid'is that:when renewable energy sources are absolutely prevailing in power generation,distributed power generation and distributed energy storage systems are widespread across the grid,and electric vehicle charging loads are prevailing in power load demands,how can the power grid support electric power as a core secondary energy source,undertake the role of a bridge between primary energy and end-use energy,and achieve the coordination and the optimization in macro energy perspective;how to guarantee the security of both macro energy and environment as well as the reliability of electricity.If a new term is needed,it should be Comprehensive Energy Network,not Energy Internet. | Yusheng XUE | 2015 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2015，3，3： | 29 |
| 6 | Optimal operation of electricity, natural gas and heat systems considering integrated demand responses and diversified storage devices显示文摘In recent years, the increasing penetration level of renewable generation and combined heat and power(CHP) technology in power systems is leading to significant changes in energy production and consumption patterns. As a result, the integrated planning and optimal operation of a multi-carrier energy(MCE) system have aroused widespread concern for reasonable utilization of multiple energy resources and efficient accommodation of renewable energy sources. In this context, an integrated demand response(IDR) scheme is designed to coordinate the operation of power to gas(P2 G) devices, heat pumps,diversified storage devices and flexible loads within an extended modeling framework of energy hubs. Subsequently, the optimal dispatch of interconnected electricity,natural gas and heat systems is implemented considering the interactions among multiple energy carriers by utilizing the bi-level optimization method. Finally, the proposed method is demonstrated with a 4-bus multi-energy systemand a larger test case comprised of a revised IEEE 118-bus power system and a 20-bus Belgian natural gas system. | Linna NI Weijia LIU Fushuan WEN Yusheng XUE Zhaoyang DONG Yu ZHENG Rui ZHANG | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 30 |
| 7 | Self-tuning virtual synchronous generator control for improving frequency stability in autonomous photovoltaic-diesel microgrids显示文摘This paper investigates the use of a virtual synchronous generator(VSG) to improve frequency stability in an autonomous photovoltaic-diesel microgrid with energy storage. VSG control is designed to emulate inertial response and damping power via power injection from/to the energy storage system. The effect of a VSG with constant parameters(CP-VSG) on the system frequency is analyzed. Based on the case study, self-tuning algorithms are used to search for optimal parameters during the operation of the VSG in order to minimize the amplitude and rate of change of the frequency variations. The performances of the proposed self-tuning(ST)-VSG, the frequency droop method, and the CP-VSG are evaluated by comparing their effects on attenuating frequency variationsunder load variations. For both simulated and experimental cases, the ST-VSG was found to be more efficient than the other two methods in improving frequency stability. | Rongliang SHI Xing ZHANG Chao HU Haizhen XU Jun GU Wei CAO | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 27 |
| 8 | Key technologies and the implementation of wind,PV and storage co-generation monitoring system显示文摘The coordinated control of multiple-sources including wind,photovoltaic(PV)and storage brings new challenges to traditional dispatch and control technologies.This paper firstly introduces a framework of wind,PV and storage co-generation monitoring system.Then,key technologies of co-generation monitoring system including day-ahead optimal dispatching,active power coordinated control and reactive power and voltage control are proposed.The framework and the techniques described in this paper have been applied in the National Wind,Photovoltaic,Storage and Transmission Demonstration Project of China,and their validity have been tested and verified. | Xianliang TENG Zonghe GAO Yingyuan ZHANG Hua HUANG Lili LI Tingting LIANG | 2014 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2014，2，2： | 25 |
| 9 | Generalized congestion of power systems:insights from the massive blackouts in India显示文摘The Indian power system underwent two separate massive blackouts on 30th and 31st of July 2012.These blackouts exposed a series of inherent problems underlying the power system of India,such as its generation planning,transmission planning,grid infrastructure,management systems,primary energy resources,environmental constraints,electricity market,and information technology,which together aggravate the massive blackouts.These factors which affect the adequacy and security of the power supply in a similar manner as the transmission congestion of physical grids does,can be called by a generic term as generalized congestion.Competitive manipulations and“game-playing”between various interested parties further intensifies these congestions.Here,from the perspective of generalized congestions,the paper reflects the inevitability of India’s massive blackouts,discusses occasional effects of trigger events,inherent evolution law of blackouts and the enlightenment on power industry in China,and explores risk control measures to defend blackouts in China.The positive role of strong smart grid in insuring energy and environment security is highlighted. | Yusheng XUE Shijie XIAO | 2013 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2013，1，2： | 26 |
| 10 | Power hardware in the loop validation of fault ride through of VSC HVDC connected offshore wind power plants显示文摘This paper presents the power hardware in the loop(PHIL)validation of a feed forward DC voltage control scheme for the fault ride through(FRT)of voltage source converter(VSC)high voltage DC(HVDC)connected offshore wind power plants(WPPs).In the proposed FRT scheme,the WPP collector network AC voltage is actively controlled by considering both the DC voltage error and the AC current from the WPP AC collector system which ensures fast and robust FRT of the VSC HVDC connected offshore WPPs.The PHIL tests were carried out in order to verify the efficacy of the proposed feed forward DC voltage control scheme for enhancing the FRT capability of the VSC HVDC connected WPPs.The PHIL test results have demonstrated the proper control coordination between the offshore WPP and the WPP side VSC and the efficient FRT of the VSC HVDC connected WPPs. | Ranjan SHARMA Qiuwei WU Seung Tae CHA Kim H.JENSEN Tonny W.RASMUSSEN JacobØSTEGAARD | 2014 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2014，2，1： | 26 |
| 11 | Renewable energy based microgrid system sizing and energy management for green buildings显示文摘The objective of this paper is to model a hybrid power system for buildings,which is technically feasible and economically optimal.With a view to promote renewable energy sources,photovoltaics and wind turbines are integrated with the grid connected building.The system is modeled and the optimal system configuration is estimated with the help of hybrid optimization model for electric renewables(HOMER).The logic is illustrated with a case study based on the practical data of a building located in southern India.This building is associated with 3.4 MWh/day priority load(peak load as 422 kW),as well as 3.3 MWh/day deferrable load(peak load as 500 kW).Sensitivity analysis is performed to deal with uncertainties such as the increase in electricity consumption and grid tariff,environmental changes,etc.From the simulation result,it is observed that the designed system is cost effective and environment friendly,which leads to 6.18%annual cost savings and reduces CO_(2) emissions by 38.3%.Sensitivity results indicate that the system is optimal and adaptable in a certain range of unanticipated variances with respect to best estimated value.Finally,an energy management strategy is developed for the optimal system to ensure reliable power during contingency and disturbances.The green and hybrid power system designed can be adaptable to any critical and large consumers of urban buildings. | Y.V.PAVAN KUMAR Ravikumar BHIMASINGU | 2015 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2015，3，1： | 25 |
| 12 | A preventive control strategy for static voltage stability based on an efficient power plant model of electric vehicles显示文摘With the increasing integration of wind farms and electric vehicles(EVs)in power systems,voltage stability is becoming more and more serious.Based on vehicle-to-grid(V2G),an efficient power plant model of EVs(E-EPP)was developed to estimate EV charging load with available corresponding response capacity under different charging strategies.A preventive control strategy based on E-EPP was proposed to maintain the static voltage stability margin(VSM)of power system above a predefined security level.Two control modes were used including the disconnection of EV charging load(‘V1G’mode)and the discharge of stored battery energy back to power grid(‘V2G’mode).A modified IEEE 14-bus system with high penetration of wind power and EVs was used to verify the effectiveness of preventive control strategy.Simulation results showed that the proposed strategy can not only improve the static voltage stability of power system with considerable wind generation,but also guarantee the travelling comfort for EV owners. | Mingshen WANG Yunfei MU Hongjie JIA Jianzhong WU Xiuping YAO Xiaodan YU Janaka EKANAYAKE | 2015 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2015，3，1： | 25 |
| 13 | State-of-the-art review on frequency response of wind power plants in power systems显示文摘With an increasing penetration of wind power in the modern electrical grid, the increasing replacement of large conventional synchronous generators by wind power plants will potentially result in deteriorated frequency regulation performance due to the reduced system inertia and primary frequency response. A series of challenging issues arise from the aspects of power system planning,operation, control and protection. Therefore, it is valuable to develop variable speed wind turbines(VSWTs) equipped with frequency regulation capabilities that allow them to effectively participate in addressing severe frequency contingencies. This paper provides a comprehensive surveyon frequency regulation methods for VSWTs. It fully describes the concepts, principles and control strategies of prevailing frequency controls of VSWTs, including future development trends. It concludes with a performance comparison of frequency regulation by the four main types of wind power plants. | Ziping WU Wenzhong GAO Tianqi GAO Weihang YAN Huaguang ZHANG Shijie YAN Xiao WANG | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，1： | 26 |
| 14 | A comprehensive review of Energy Internet: basic concept,operation and planning methods, and research prospects显示文摘With the intensifying energy crisis and environmental pollution, the Energy Internet and corresponding patterns of energy use have been attracting more and more attention. In this paper, the basic concept and characteristics of the Energy Internet are summarized, and its basic structural framework is analyzed in detail. On this basis,couplings between the electric power system and other systems such as the cooling and heating system, the natural gas system, and the traffic system are analyzed, and the operation and planning of integrated energy systems in both deterministic and uncertain environments are comprehensively reviewed. Finally, the research prospects and main technical challenges of the Energy Internet are discussed. | Yijia CAO Qiang LI Yi TAN Yong LI Yuanyang CHEN Xia SHAO Yao ZOU | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，3： | 25 |
| 15 | Comprehensive power-supply planning for active distribution system considering cooling,heating and power load balance显示文摘An active distribution system power-supply planning model considering cooling,heating and power load balance is proposed in this paper.A regional energy service company is assumed to be in charge of the investment and operation for the system in the model.The expansion of substations,building up distributed combined cooling,heating and power(CCHP),gas heating boiler(GHB)and air conditioner(AC)are included as investment planning options.In terms of operation,the load scenarios are divided into heating,cooling and transition periods.Also,the extreme load scene is included to assure the power supply reliability of the system.Numerical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed model and illustrate the economic benefits of applying distributed CCHP in regional power supply on investment and operation. | Xinwei SHEN Yingduo HAN Shouzhen ZHU Jinghong ZHENG Qingsheng LI Jing NONG | 2015 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2015，3，4： | 24 |
| 16 | Blockchain: a secure, decentralized, trusted cyber infrastructure solution for future energy systems显示文摘Modern power systems are rapidly evolving into complex cyber-physical systems. The increasingly complex interaction among different energy entities calls for a secure, efficient, and robust cyber infrastructure. As an emerging distributed computing technology, Blockchain provides a secure environment to support such interactions.This paper gives a prospective on using Blockchain as a secure, distributed cyber infrastructure for the future grid.Firstly, the basic principles of Blockchain and its state-ofthe-art are introduced. Then, a Blockchain based smart grid cyber-physical infrastructure model is proposed. Afterwards, some promising application domains of Blockchain in future grids are presented. Following this, some potential challenges are discussed. | Zhaoyang DONG Fengji LUO Gaoqi LIANG | 2018 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2018，6，5： | 24 |
| 17 | Optimal allocation of multi-type FACTS devices in power systems based on power flow entropy显示文摘Flexible AC transmission systems(FACTS)devices can effectively optimize the distribution of power flow.Power flow entropy can be applied as a measure of load distribution.In this paper,a method is proposed to optimize the distribution of power flow with the coordination of multi-type FACTS devices and establishes the corresponding mathematical models.The modified group searcher optimization(GSO)algorithm is proposed,in which the angle search is combined with chaotic search model to avoid jumping into local optimization.Compared with the different optimal allocation of multi-FACTS devices,the optimal allocation of multi-FACTS devices is achieved under the economic constraints.The locations obtained by this method can achieve the purpose of balancing power flow and enhancing the system performances.The simulations are demonstrated in an IEEE 118-bus power system with two classical types of FACTS,namely static var compensator(SVC)and thyristor controlled series Compensator(TCSC).The simulation results show that the proposed method is feasible and effective. | Canbing LI Liwu XIAO Yijia CAO Qianlong ZHU Baling FANG Yi TAN Long ZENG | 2014 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2014，2，2： | 23 |
| 18 | Control of hybrid AC/DC microgrid under islanding operational conditions显示文摘This paper presents control methods for hybrid AC/DC microgrid under islanding operation condition.The control schemes for AC sub-microgrid and DC sub-microgrid are investigated according to the power sharing requirement and operational reliability.In addition,the key control schemes of interlinking converter with DC-link capacitor or energy storage,which will devote to the proper power sharing between AC and DC sub-microgrids to maintain AC and DC side voltage stable,is reviewed.Combining the specific control methods developed for AC and DC sub-microgrids with interlinking converter,the whole hybrid AC/DC microgrid can manage the power flow transferred between sub-microgrids for improving on the operational quality and efficiency. | Guangqian DING Feng GAO Song ZHANG Poh Chiang LOH Frede BLAABJERG | 2014 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2014，2，3： | 23 |
| 19 | An optimization strategy of controlled electric vehicle charging considering demand side response and regional wind and photovoltaic显示文摘Renewable energy,such as wind and photovoltaic(PV),produces intermittent and variable power output.When superimposed on the load curve,it transforms the load curve into a‘load belt’,i.e.a range.Furthermore,the large scale development of electric vehicle(EV)will also have a significant impact on power grid in general and load characteristics in particular.This paper aims to develop a controlled EV charging strategy to optimize the peak-valley difference of the grid when considering the regional wind and PV power outputs.The probabilistic model of wind and PV power outputs is developed.Based on the probabilistic model,the method of assessing the peak-valley difference of the stochastic load curve is put forward,and a two-stage peak-valley price model is built for controlled EV charging.On this basis,an optimization model is built,in which genetic algorithms are used to determine the start and end time of the valley price,as well as the peak-valley price.Finally,the effectiveness and rationality of the method are proved by the calculation result of the example. | Hong LIU Pingliang ZENG Jianyi GUO Huiyu WU Shaoyun GE | 2015 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2015，3，2： | 23 |
| 20 | Review and prospect of active distribution system planning显示文摘The approach to planning,design and operation of distribution networks have significantly changed due to the proliferation of distributed energy resources(DERs)together with load growth,energy storage technology advancements and increased consumer expectations.Planning of active distribution systems(ADS)has been a very hot topic in the 21st Century.A large number of studies have been done on ADS planning.This paper reviews the state of the art of current ADS planning.Firstly,the influences of DERs on the ADS planning are addressed.Secondly,the characteristics and objectives of ADS planning are summarized.Then,up to date planning model and some related research are highlighted in different areas such as forecasting load and distributed generation,mathematical model of ADS planning and solution algorithms.Finally,the paper explores some directions of future research on ADS planning including planning collaboratively with all elements combined in ADS,taking into account of joint planning in secondary system,coordinating goals among different layers,integrating detailed operation simulations and regular performance based reviews into planning,and developing advanced planning tools. | Junyong LIU Hongjun GAO Zhao MA Yuanxi LI | 2015 | Journal of Modern Power Systems and Clean Energy2015，3，4： | 23 |
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