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| 1 | 南方水稻黑条矮缩病发生现状及防控对策显示文摘南方水稻黑条矮缩病毒(Southem rice blackstreaked dwarf virus.SRBSDV)是由我国科学工作者首先发现,并经华南农业大学周国辉教授等人鉴定和命名的为害农作物的病毒新种,属呼肠孤病毒科(Reoviridae)斐济病毒属(Fijivirus)。需引起我们高度重视的是该病以在我国水稻主产区广泛发生的迁飞性害虫白背飞虱为介体高效传毒而发生和流行。 | 刘万才 刘宇 郭荣 | 2010 | 中国植保导刊2010，，3： | 100 |
| 2 | Can Chinese Medicine Be Used for Prevention of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)? A Review of Historical Classics, Research Evidence and Current Prevention Programs显示文摘Objective:Since December 2019,an outbreak of corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)occurred in Wuhan,and rapidly spread to almost all parts of China.This was followed by prevention programs recommending Chinese medicine(CM)for the prevention.In order to provide evidenee for CM recommendations,we reviewed ancient classics and human studies.Methods:Historical records on prevention and treatment of infections in CM classics,clinical evidence of CM on the prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome(SARS)and H1N1 in flue nza,and CM preve ntion programs issued by health authorities in China since the COVID-19 outbreak were retrieved from differe nt databases and websites till 12 February,2020.Research evide nee in eluded data from clinical trials,cohort or other population studies using CM for preventing contagious respiratory virus diseases.Results:The use of CM to prevent epidemics of infectious diseases was traced back to ancient Chinese practice cited in Huangdi's Internal Classic(Huang Di Nei Jing)where preventive effects were recorded.There were 3 studies using CM for prevention of SARS and 4 studies for H1N1 influenza.None of the participants who took CM contracted SARS in the 3 studies.The infection rate of H1N1 in flue nza in the CM group was significantly lower than the non-CM group(relative risk 0.36,95%confidence interval 0.24-0.52;n=4).For prevention of COVID-19,23 provinces in China issued CM programs.The main principles of CM use were to tonify qi to protect from external pathoge ns,disperse wind and discharge heat,and resolve damp ness.The most frequently used herbs in eluded Radix astragali(Huangqi),Radix glycyrrhizae(Gancao),Radix saposhnikoviae(Fangfeng),Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae(Baizhu),Lonicerae Japonicae Flos(Jinyinhua),and Fructus forsythia(Lianqiao).Conclusions:Based on historical records and human evidenee of SARS and H1N1 influenza prevention,Chinese herbal formula could be an alternative approach for prevention of COVID-19 in high-risk population.Prospective,rigorous population studies are warranted to confirm the potential preventive effect of CM. | LUO Hui TANG Qiao-ling SHANG Ya-xi LIANG Shi-bing YANG Ming Nicola Robinson LIU Jian-ping | 2020 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2020，26，4： | 61 |
| 3 | On the origin and continuing evolution of SARS-CoV-2显示文摘The SARS-Co V-2 epidemic started in late December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and has since impacted a large portion of China and raised major global concern. Herein, we investigated the extent of molecular divergence between SARS-CoV-2 and other related coronaviruses. Although we found only 4% variability in genomic nucleotides between SARS-CoV-2 and a bat SARS-related coronavirus(SARSr-CoV;Ra TG13), the difference at neutral sites was 17%, suggesting the divergence between the two viruses is much larger than previously estimated. Our results suggest that the development of new variations in functional sites in the receptor-binding domain(RBD) of the spike seen in SARS-Co V-2 and viruses from pangolin SARSr-Co Vs are likely caused by natural selection besides recombination. Population genetic analyses of 103 SARS-CoV-2 genomes indicated that these viruses had two major lineages(designated L and S), that are well defined by two different SNPs that show nearly complete linkage across the viral strains sequenced to date. We found that L lineage was more prevalent than the S lineage within the limited patient samples we examined. The implication of these evolutionary changes on disease etiology remains unclear.These findings strongly underscores the urgent need for further comprehensive studies that combine viral genomic data, with epidemiological studies of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19). | Xiaolu Tang Changcheng Wu Xiang Li Yuhe Song Xinmin Yao Xinkai Wu Yuange Duan Hong Zhang Yirong Wang Zhaohui Qian Jie Cui Jian Lu | 2020 | National Science Review2020，7，6： | 67 |
| 4 | Global epidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection: an up-date of the distribution and circulation of hepatitis C virus genotypes显示文摘AIM To review Hepatitis C virus(HCV) prevalence and genotypes distribution worldwide.METHODS We conducted a systematic study which represents one of the most comprehensive effort to quantify global HCV epidemiology,using the best available published data between 2000 and 2015 from 138 countries(about 90% of the global population),grouped in 20 geographical areas(with the exclusion of Oceania),as defined by the Global Burden of Diseases project(GBD). Countries for which we were unable to obtain HCV genotype prevalence data were excluded from calculations of regional proportions,although their populations were included in the total population size of each region when generating regional genotype prevalence estimates.RESULTS Total global HCV prevalence is estimated at 2.5%(177.5 million of HCV infected adults),ranging from 2.9% in Africa and 1.3% in Americas,with a global viraemic rate of 67%(118.9 million of HCV RNA positive cases),varying from 64.4% in Asia to 74.8% in Australasia. HCV genotype 1 is the most prevalent worldwide(49.1%),followed by genotype 3(17.9%),4(16.8%) and 2(11.0%). Genotypes 5 and 6 are responsible for the remaining < 5%. While genotypes 1 and 3 are common worldwide,the largest proportion of genotypes 4 and 5 is in lower-income countries. Although HCV genotypes 1 and 3 infections are the most prevalent globally(67.0% if considered together),other genotypes are found more commonly in lowerincome countries where still account for a significant proportion of HCV cases.CONCLUSION A more precise knowledge of HCV genotype distribution will be helpful to best inform national healthcare models to improve access to new treatments. | Arnolfo Petruzziello Samantha Marigliano Giovanna Loquercio Anna Cozzolino Carmela Cacciapuoti | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，34： | 69 |
| 5 | Immune suppression in chronic hepatitis B infection associated liver disease: A review显示文摘Hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection is one the leading risk factors for chronic hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer(HCC), which are a major global health problem. A large number of clinical studies have shown that chronic HBV persistent infection causes the dysfunction of innate and adaptive immune response involving monocytes/macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer(NK) cells, T cells. Among these immune cells, cell subsets with suppressive features have been recognized such as myeloid derived suppressive cells(MDSC),NK-reg, T-reg, which represent a critical regulatory system during liver fibrogenesis or tumourigenesis. However, the mechanisms that link HBVinduced immune dysfunction and HBV-related liver diseases are not understood.In this review we summarize the recent studies on innate and adaptive immune cell dysfunction in chronic HBV infection, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and HCC, and further discuss the potential mechanism of HBV-induced immunosuppressive cascade in HBV infection and consequences. It is hoped that this article will help ongoing research about the pathogenesis of HBV-related hepatic fibrosis and HBV-related HCC. | Tian-Yang Li Yang Yang Guo Zhou Zheng-Kun Tu | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，27： | 69 |
| 6 | Animal experiment and clinical study of effect of gamma-interferon on hepatic fibrosis显示文摘AIM To evaluate the antifibrotic effect ofdifferent doses of recombinant human Gamma-Interferon (IFN-γ) intwo rat models of hepaticfibrosis, and to observe its effect on moderatechronic hepatitis B virus fibrosis.METNODS Hepatic fibrosis was successfullyinduced in 150 and 196 rats by subcutaneousinjection of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) andintraperitoneal injection of dimethylnitrosamine(DMN), respectively. Each of the two modeldose IFN-γ group (15 MU/kg per day, i.m. for 8group (1.67 MU/kg daily, i.m. for 8 weeks).Another group of 10 rats without any treatmentwas used as normal controls. At the end of theexperiment, semi-quantitative histopathologicalscores of inflammation and fibrosis, liver (αsmooth muscle actin (α-SMA) expression level,liver hydroxyl proline content and serumhyaluronic acid levels were compared. And 47medium chronic hepatitis B viral fibrosispatients were studied. They were given IFN-γtreatment, 100MU/day i.m. for the first threemonths and 100MU qod i.m. for the next sixmonths. Semi-quantitative pathological scoresof inflammation and fibrosis and serum hepaticfibrosis indices were compared within the 9months.RESULTS In animal experiment, thepathological fibrosis scores and liver hydroxylproline content were found to be significantlylower in rats treated with different doses of IFN-γ as compared with rats in fibrotic model groupinduced by either CCI4 or DMN, in a dose-dependent manner. For CCI4-induced model,pathological fibrosis scores in high, medium andIow doses IFN-γ groups were 5.10 ± 2.88, 7.70 ±3.53 and 8.00 ± 3.30, respectively, but the scorewas 14.60 ± 7.82 in fibrotic model group.Hydroxyl proline contents were 2.83 ± 1.18, 3.59± 1.22 and 4.80 ± 1.62, in the three IFN-γgroups, and 10.01 ± 3.23 in fibrotic model group.The difference was statistically significant(P<0.01). Similar results were found in DMN-induced model. Pathological fibrosis scoreswere 6.30±0.48, 8.10 ±2.72 and 8.30 ±2.58, inhigh, medium and Iow doses IFN-γ groups, and12.60 ± 3.57 in fibrotic model group. Hydroxylproline contents were 2.72 ± 0.58, 3.14 ± 0.71and 3.62 ± 1.02, in the three IFN-γ groups, and12.79 ± 1.54 in fibrotic model group. Thedifference was statistically significant(P<0.01). Serum hepatic fibrosis indicesdecreased significantly in the 47 patients afterIFN-γ treatment (HA: 433.38 ± 373.00 vs 281.57± 220.48; LN: 161.22± 41.02 vs 146.35 ± 44.67;PCⅢ: 192.59 ± 89.95 vs 156.98 ± 49.22; C-Ⅳ:156.30 ± 44.01 vs 139.14 ± 34.47) and thedifferences between the four indices weresignificant (P<0.05). Thirty-three patientsCONCLUSION All the three doses of IFN-γ areeffective in treating rat liver fibrosis induced byeither CCl4 or DMN, the higher the dose, thebetter the effect. And IFN-γ is effective forpatients with moderate chronic hepatitis B viralfibrosis. | Hong Lei Weng Wei Min Cai Rong Hua Liu Institute of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital. Medical School. Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang Province. China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，1： | 53 |
| 7 | Tobacco curly shoot virus isolated in Yunnan is a distinct species of Begomovirus显示文摘Virus isolate Y1 was obtained from tobacco showing curly shoot symptoms in Baoshan, Yunnan Province. Whitefly transmission test and virion morphology observa-tion showed that it is a begomovirus. In reactions with 14 monoclonal antibodies raised against begomoviruses, Y1 was readily differentiated from begomoviruses reported in China, Pakistan and India. The complete nucleotide sequence of DNA-A was determined, it contains 2746 nucleotides, with two ORFs in virion-sense DNA and four ORFs in comple-mentary-sense DNA. Comparisons with total DNA-A, inter-genie region and deduced amino acid sequences of individual ORFs showed that Y1 is a distinct Begomovirus species, for which the name Tobacco curly shoot virus (TCSV) is pro-posed. The total DNA-A of TCSV is most closely related to that of Tomato leaf curl virus from India (85% sequence identity). In contrast, the deduced coat protein of TCSV is most like that of Cotton leaf curl virus 72b isolate from Paki-stan (98% amino acid sequence identity). | XIE Yan ZHOU Xueping ZHANG Zhongkai QI Yijun | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，3： | 51 |
| 8 | An insight into the diagnosis and pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus infection显示文摘This review focuses on research findings in the area of diagnosis and pathogenesis of hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection over the last few decades.The information based on published literature provides an update on these two aspects of HCV.HCV infection,previously called blood transmitted non-A,non-B infection,is prevalent globally and poses a serious public health problem worldwide.The diagnosis of HCV infection has evolved from serodetection of non-specific and low avidity anti-HCV antibodies to detection of viral nucleic acid in serum using the polymerase chain reaction(PCR)technique.Current PCR assays detect viral nucleic acid with high accuracy and the exact copy number of viral particles.Moreover,multiplex assays using real-time PCR are available for identification of HCV-genotypes and their isotypes.In contrast to previous methods,the newly developed assays are not only fast and eco-nomic,but also resolve the problem of the window period as well as differentiate present from past infection.HCV is a non-cytopathic virus,thus,its pathogenesis is regulated by host immunity and metabolic changes including oxidative stress,insulin resistance and hepatic steatosis.Both innate and adaptive immunity play an important role in HCV pathogenesis.Cytotoxic lymphocytes demonstrate crucial activity during viral eradication or viral persistence and are influenced by viral proteins,HCV-quasispecies and several metabolic factors regulating liver metabolism.HCV pathogenesis is a very complex phenomenon and requires further study to determine the other factors involved. | Mohammad Irshad Dhananjay Singh Mankotia Khushboo Irshad | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，44： | 52 |
| 9 | 我国发现由甘薯褪绿矮化病毒和甘薯羽状斑驳病毒协生共侵染引起的甘薯病毒病害显示文摘甘薯病毒病害(Sweet potato virus disease,SPVD)是由毛形病毒属(Crinivirus)的甘薯褪绿矮化病毒(Sweet potato chlorotic stunt virus,SPCSV)和马铃薯Y病毒属(Potyvirus)的甘薯羽状斑驳病毒(Sweet potato feathery mottle virus,SPFMV)协生共侵染甘薯引起的病毒病害[1]。 | 张振臣 乔奇 秦艳红 张德胜 田雨婷 | 2012 | 植物病理学报2012，42，3： | 59 |
| 10 | Diagnostic value of PIVKA-Ⅱ and alpha-fetoprotein in hepatitis B virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘AIM: To determine the cutoff values and to compare the diagnostic role of alpha-fetoprotein(AFP) and prothrombin induced by vitamin K absence-Ⅱ(PIVKA-Ⅱ) in chronic hepatitis B(CHB).METHODS: A total of 1255 patients with CHB, including 157 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), 879 with non-cirrhotic CHB and 219 with cirrhosis without HCC, were retrospectively enrolled. The areas under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROC) curves of PIVKA-Ⅱ, AFP and their combination were calculated and compared.RESULTS: The optimal cutoff values for PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were 40 m AU/m L and 10 ng/m L, respectively, for the differentiation of HCC from nonmalignant CHB. The sensitivity and specificity were 73.9% and 89.7%, respectively, for PIVKA-Ⅱ and 67.5% and 90.3% for AFP, respectively. The AUROC curves of both PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were not significantly different(0.854 vs 0.853, P = 0.965) for the differentiation of HCC from nonmalignant CHB, whereas the AUROC of PIVKA-Ⅱ was significantly better than that of AFP in patients with cirrhosis(0.870 vs 0.812, P = 0.042). When PIVKA-Ⅱ and AFP were combined, the diagnostic power improved significantly compared to either AFP or PIVKA-Ⅱ alone for the differentiation of HCC from nonmalignant CHB(P < 0.05), especially when cirrhosis was present(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION: Serum PIVKA-Ⅱ might be a better tumor marker than AFP, and its combination with AFP may enhance the early detection of HCC in patients with CHB. | Seung In Seo Hyoung Su Kim Won Jin Kim Woon Geon Shin Doo Jin Kim Kyung Ho Kim Myoung Kuk Jang Jin Heon Lee Joo Seop Kim Hak Yang Kim Dong Joon Kim Myung Seok Lee Choong Kee Park | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，13： | 60 |
| 11 | A randomized controlled clinical trial on the treatment of Thymosin-a1 versus interferon-α in patients with hepatitis B显示文摘INTRODUCTIONChronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious problem because of its world wide distribution and possible adverse sequelae ,such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma .The World Health Organization estimates that HBV has infected mord than 350 million people worldwide ,and up to 20% of them will become chromic carricrs and will be at significant risk for cirrhosis and HCC .The ultimate goal of the therapy for chronic hepatitis B is to prevent progression to cirrhosis and to prevent development of HCC. | Jing You Lin Zhuang Bao Zhang Tang Wei Bo Yang Su Ying Ding Wu Li Rong Xue Wu Hong Li Zhang Yan Mei Zhang Shao Ming Yan Lu Zhang ~1Department of Infectious Diseases,The First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College,Kunming 650032,Yunnan Province,China ~2Departrnent of Hepatology,Kunming Third Municipal People’s Hospital,Kunming 650041,Yunnan Province,China | 2001 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2001，7，3： | 48 |
| 12 | Th1/Th2 cytokines and their genotypes as predictors of hepatitis B virus related hepatocellular carcinoma显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), the predominant type of primary liver cancer, is one of the most serious lifethreatening malignancies, worldwide. In majority of the cases, HCC develops after prolonged and persistent chronic liver disease. hepatitis B virus(HBV) or HCV infection is prominent etiological factors, attributing to this condition. It has been well documented that HBV, being the inducer of chronic inflammation, is the main causative agent in causing HCC, particularly in Asian countries. The HBV infection leads to a wide range of clinical symptoms from carrier state to malignancy. Cytokines being immune-modulatory molecules, are the key mediators in the defense mechanism against viral infection. In this regard, this review will detail the substantial role of key Th1: interleukin 1(IL-1), IL-2, IL-12, tumor necrosis factor-α, interferon-γ; Th2: IL-4, IL-10 and non Th1/Th2: IL-6, transforming growth factor-β1 cytokines genotypes in analyzing the variability in the clinical manifestations in an HBV-afflicted individual, which might finally, culminates into HCC. Since cytokine production is regulated genetically, the cytokine promoter region single-nucleotide polymorphisms induced changes, greatly affects the cytokine production, thus resulting into differential outcome of immune balance. | Roli Saxena Jyotdeep Kaur | 2015 | World Journal of Hepatology2015，7，11： | 50 |
| 13 | Washed microbiota transplantation vs.manual fecal microbiota transplantation:clinical findings,animal studies and in vitro screening显示文摘Fecal microbiota transplantation(FMT)by manual preparation has been applied to treat diseases for thousands of years.However,this method still endures safety risks and challenges the psychological endurance and acceptance of doctors,patients and donors.Population evidence showed the washed microbiota preparation with microfiltration based on an automatic purification system followed by repeated centrifugation plus suspension for three times significantly reduced FMT-related adverse events.This washing preparation makes delivering a precise dose of the enriched microbiota feasible,instead of using the weight of stool.Intraperitoneal injection in mice with the fecal microbiota supernatant obtained after repeated centrifugation plus suspension for three times induced less toxic reaction than that by the first centrifugation following the microfiltration.The toxic reactions that include death,the change in the level of peripheral white blood cells,and the proliferation of germinal center in secondary lymphoid follicles in spleen were noted.The metagenomic next-generation sequencing(NGS)indicated the increasing types and amount of viruses could be washed out during the washing process.Metabolomics analysis indicated metabolites with pro-inflammatory effects in the fecal microbiota supernatant such as leukotriene B4,corticosterone,and prostaglandin G2 could be removed by repeated washing.Near-infrared absorption spectroscopy could be served as a rapid detection method to control the quality of the washingprocess.In conclusion,this study for the first time provides evidence linking clinical findings and animal experiments to support that washed microbiota transplantation(WMT)is safer,more precise and more quality-controllable than the crude FMT by manual. | Ting Zhang Gaochen Lu Zhe Zhao Yafei Liu Quan Shen Pan Li Yaoyao Chen Haoran Yin Huiquan Wang Cicilia Marcella Bota Cui Lei Cheng Guozhong Ji Faming Zhang | 2020 | Protein & Cell2020，11，4： | 44 |
| 14 | Hepatitis B virus genotypes:Global distribution and clinical importance显示文摘At least 600000 individuals worldwide annually die of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related diseases,such as chronic hepatitis B(CHB),liver cirrhosis(LC),and hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Many viral factors,such as viral load,genotype,and specific viral mutations,are known to affect disease progression.HBV reverse transcriptase does not have a proofreading function,therefore,many HBV genotypes,sub-genotypes,mutants,and recombinants emerge.Differences between genotypes in response to antiviral treatment have been determined.To date,10 HBV genotypes,scattered across different geographical regions,have been identified.For example,genotype A has a tendency for chronicity,whereas viral mutations are frequently encountered in genotype C.Both chronicity and mutation frequency are common in genotype D.LC and progression to HCC are more commonly encountered with genotypes C and D than the other genotypes.Pathogenic differences between HBV genotypes explain disease intensity,progression to LC,and HCC.In conclusion,genotype determination in CHB infection is important in estimating disease progression and planning optimal antiviral treatment. | Mustafa Sunbul | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，18： | 42 |
| 15 | Management of chronic hepatitis B infection: Current treatment guidelines, challenges, and new developments显示文摘Chronic hepatitis B(CHB)virus infection is a global public health problem,affecting more than 400 million people worldwide.The clinical spectrum is wide,ranging from a subclinical inactive carrier state,to progressive chronic hepatitis,cirrhosis,decompensation,and hepatocellular carcinoma.However,complications of hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related chronic liver disease may be reduced by viral suppression.Current international guidelines recommend first-line treatment of CHB infection with pegylated interferon,entecavir,or tenofovir,but the optimal treatment for an individualpatient is controversial.The indications for treatment are contentious,and increasing evidence suggests that HBV genotyping,as well as serial on-treatment measurements of hepatitis B surface antigen and HBV DNA kinetics should be used to predict antiviral treatment response.The likelihood of achieving a sustained virological response is also increased by extending treatment duration,and using combination therapy.Hence the paradigm for treatment of CHB is constantly evolving.This article summarizes the different indications for treatment,and systematically reviews the evidence for the efficacy of various antiviral agents.It further discusses the shortcomings of current guidelines,use of rescue therapy in drug-resistant strains of HBV,and highlights the promising clinical trials for emerging therapies in the pipeline.This concise overview presents an updated practical approach to guide the clinical management of CHB. | Ceen-Ming Tang Tung On Yau Jun Yu | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，20： | 41 |
| 16 | Changes in circulating Foxp3^+ regulatory T cells and interleukin-17-producing T helper cells during HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure显示文摘AIM:To longitudinally investigate cytokine gene expression and protein levels in Th17 and Treg cells,to observe T-cell phenotypes during hepatitis B virus(HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACHBLF)and to analyze changes in Th17 and Treg phenotypes during disease progression.METHODS:We measured the expression of seven Th17/Treg differentiation-related genes and serum concentrations of the corresponding cytokines in 18ACHBLF,18 chronic hepatitis B(CHB)disease controls and 10 healthy controls(HCs)by real-time quantitative pCR and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.peripheral Th17 and Treg cell frequencies were analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:From the onset of ACHBLF,patients presented with a conductive Th17 differentiation cytokine environment accompanied by high Th17 frequency and high serum IL-17 levels,which were sustained throughout the disease course.The Treg-related cytokine IL-2and Foxp3 were also up-regulated from disease onset,and Foxp3 gene expression showed a gradually increasing trend during ACHBLF.The circular phenotype of Treg and Th17 cells showed changes from the onset of ACHGLF.At disease onset,Th17 frequency increased significantly compared with both CHB and HCs,but Treg cell frequency decreased significantly compared with CHB.During the ACHBLF event,Th17 frequency remained higher compared with HCs,but decreased sharply from the peak point to the recovery point;Treg cell frequency increased gradually during the ACHBLF event.Treg and Th17 cell counts correlated with ACHBLF development;in all patients,serum IL-17 levels significantly correlated with patient serum ALT levels.In survivors,Th17 frequency at the onset point and the Treg to Th17 ratio at the peak point correlated with the patient’s model for end stage liver disease(MELD)plus sodium(MELD-Na)score.The Treg to Th17 ratio and the Th17 frequency at onset were significant predictors of patient survival.Low Treg/Th17 cell ratios at the onset predicted poor survival.Survivors exhibited an initial decrease in the circulating Treg/Th17 ratio from the onset to the peak time,and subsequently displayed a continuous increase.CONCLUSION:Treg and Th17 cells showed changes in genes,protein levels and T cell phenotypes during ACHBLF events.An increased Treg/Th17 ratio was associated with the survival of ACHBLF patients. | Xue-Song Liang Cheng-Zhong Li Yin Zhou Wei Yin Ya Yun Liu Wen-Han Fan | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，26： | 44 |
| 17 | Antiviral therapy for hepatitis B virus associated hepatic failure显示文摘BACKGROUND:Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)infection remains a major global health issue,and the prognosis of patients with HBV-associated fulminant hepatic failure is extremely poor.The application of antiviral therapies has led to significant improvements in patient outcomes.This article aimed to review the current strategies in antiviral treatment of HBV-associated fulminant hepatic failure. DATA SOURCES:Literature search was conducted using PubMed on the related subjects.Part of the data was from the most recent work of the authors’laboratory. RESULTS:Hepatitis B immunoglobulin in prevention of recurrent HBV infection after orthotopic liver transplantation(OLT)has been proven effective.However, its cost is high,and significant side effects have been found to induce viral mutations.Lamivudine has a potent suppression for HBV replication and an excellent safety profile in decompensated cirrhotic patients,but its major drawback is the high rate of drug-resistance.Adefovir is effective for lamivudine-resistance strains in the post- OLT situation,and its drug-resistance rate is relatively low. Combination therapies such as hepatitis B immunoglobulin combined with lamivudine and lamivudine combined with adefovir have been widely adopted for prophylaxis against HBV recurrence of infection after OLT.Entecavir, telbivudine,tenofovir and other newer agents have been widely used in antiviral therapy. CONCLUSIONS:The prognosis of HBV-associated ful- minant hepatic failure is being transformed by developments in antiviral therapy.However,it should be noticed that HBV is controlled but never eliminated,and drug-resistance still remains a major issue.Hopefully,newer strategies may help to solve these problems. | Wang, Yu-Ming Tang, Ying-Zi | 2009 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2009，8，1： | 36 |
| 18 | Restoring the Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio may alleviate HBV-related acute-on-chronic liver failure显示文摘AIM: To investigate the role of T helper 17 cells (Th17) and regulatory T cells (Treg) in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related acute-on-chronic liver failure (ACLF).METHODS: We enrolled 79 patients with HBV infection into the study, 50 patients with HBV-related ACLF and 29 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB), from the First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College from January 2009 to June 2012. The ACLF patients were diagnosed according to the criteria recommended by The 19th Conference of the Asian Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver in 2009. Twenty healthy individuals with a similar gender and age structures to the two patient groups were also included as the normal controls (NC). Of the 50 ACLF patients, 28 were subsequently classified as non-survivors: 19 patients died from multiorgan failure, 3 underwent liver transplantation, and 6 discontinued therapy during follow-up because of financial reasons. The remaining 22 ACLF patients whose liver and anticoagulation function recovered to nearly normal levels within the next 6 mo were classified as survivors. The number of circulating Treg and Th17 cells was determined upon diagnosis and during the 8th week of follow-up through flow cytometry. RESULTS: The percentage of circulating Treg cells in the ACLF group was significantly higher than that in the CHB group (5.50% ± 1.15% vs 3.30% ± 1.13%, P < 0.01). The percentages of circulating Th17 cells in the ACLF and the CHB groups were significantly higher than that in the NC group (6.32% ± 2.22% vs 1.56% ± 0.44%, P < 0.01; 3.53% ± 1.65% vs 1.56% ± 0.44%, P < 0.01). No significant difference in Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio was observed between the ACLF group and the CHB group (0.98 ± 0.44 vs 1.12 ± 0.64, P = 0.991), whereas those in the two HBV infection groups were significantly lower than that in the NC group (1.85 ± 1.22; both P < 0.01). The percentage of Treg cells in the survivors during the 8th week of follow-up was significantly lower than that during peak ACLF severity [total bilirubin (TBIL) peak] (3.45% ± 0.97% vs 5.18% ± 1.02%, P < 0.01). The percentage of Th17 cells in survivors during the 8th week of follow-up was significantly lower than that during the peak TBIL (2.89% ±0.60% vs 5.24% ± 1.46%; P < 0.01). The Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio during the 8 th week of follow-up was significantly higher than that during the TBIL peak (1.22 ± 0.36 vs 1.10 ± 0.54; P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Restoring the Treg cell to Th17 cell ratio during the follow-up phase of ACLF could maintain the immune system at a steady state, which favours good prognosis. | Ying-Hua Niu Dong-Lin Yin Hong-Li Liu Rui-Tian Yi Yu-Cong Yang Hong-An Xue Tian-Yan Chen Shu-Lin Zhang Shu-Mei Lin Ying-Ren Zhao | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，26： | 36 |
| 19 | Expression of IGF-Ⅱ,p53,p21 and HBxAg in precancerous events of hepatocarcinogenesis induced by AFBI and/or HBV in tree shrews显示文摘INTRODUCTIONIn order to study the relationship between oncogeneexpression and HCC generation,we observed theprecancerous hepatic GGT loci,IGF-Ⅱ,p53 andp21 expression during hepatocarcinogenesis of treeshrew induced by hepatitis B virus (HBV) and/oraflatoxin B1 (AFB1). | Qin LL Su JJ Li Y Yang C Ban KC Yian RQ | 2000 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2000，6，1： | 37 |
| 20 | Vaccination of poultry successfully eliminated human infection with H7N9 virus in China显示文摘The H7 N9 viruses that emerged in China in 2013 were nonpathogenic in chickens but mutated to a highly pathogenic form in early 2017 and caused severe disease outbreaks in chickens. The H7 N9 influenza viruses have caused five waves of human infection, with almost half of the total number of human cases(766 of 1,567) being reported in the fifth wave, raising concerns that even more human infections could occur in the sixth wave. In September 2017, an H5/H7 bivalent inactivated vaccine for chickens was introduced, and the H7 N9 virus isolation rate in poultry dropped by 93.3% after vaccination. More importantly,only three H7 N9 human cases were reported between October 1, 2017 and September 30, 2018, indicating that vaccination of poultry successfully eliminated human infection with H7 N9 virus. These facts emphasize that active control of animal disease is extremely important for zoonosis control and human health protection. | Xianying Zeng Guobin Tian Jianzhong Shi Guohua Deng Chengjun Li Hualan Chen | 2018 | Science China(Life Sciences)2018，61，12： | 37 |
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