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| 1 | Climate variation since the Last Interglaciation recorded in the Guliya ice core显示文摘The climatic and environmental variations since the Last Interglaciation are reconstructed based on the study of the upper 268 m of the 309-m-long Guliya ice core. Five stages can be distinguished since the Last Interglaciation from the δ18O record in the Guliya ice core: Stage 1 (Deglaciation), Stage 2 (the Last Glacial Maximum), Stage 3 (interstadial), Stage 4 (interstadial in the early glacial maximum) and Stage 5 (the Last Interglaciation). Stage 5 can be divided further into 5 substages; a, b, c, d, e. The δ18O record in the Guliya ice core indicates clearly the close correlation between the temperature variation on the Tibetan Plateau and the solar activities. The study indicates that the solar activity is a main forcing to the climatic variation on the Tibetan Plateau. Through a comparison of the ice core record in Guliya with that in the Greenland and the Antarctic, it can be found that the variation of large temperature variation events in different parts of the world is generally the same, | 姚檀栋 L.G.Thompson 施雅风 秦大河 焦克勤 杨志红 田立德 E.M.Thompson | 1997 | Science China Earth Sciences1997，40，6： | 68 |
| 2 | Estimation on the response of glaciers in China to the global warming in the 21st century显示文摘Glaciers in China can be categorized into 3 types, i.e. the maritime (temperate) type, sub-continental (sub-polar) type and extreme Continental (polar) type, which take 22%, 46% and 32% of the total existing glacier area (59 406 km2) respectively. Researches indicate that glaciers of the three types show different response patterns to the global warming. Since the Maxima of the Little Ice Age (the 17th century), air temperature has risen at a magnitude of 1.3℃on average and the glacier area decreased corresponds to 20% of the present total glacier area in western China. it is estimated that air temperature rise in the 2030s, 2070s and 2100s will be of the order of 0.4-1.2, 1.2-2.7 and 2.1-4.0 K in western China. With these scenarios, glaciers in China will suffer from further shrinkage by 12%, 28% and 45% by the 2030s, 2070s and 2100s. The uncertainties may account for 30%-67% in 2100 in China. | SHI Yafeng & LIU Shiyin Laboratory of Ice Core and Cold Regions Environment, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，7： | 71 |
| 3 | Abrupt climatic changes on the Tibetan Plateau during the Last Ice Age——Comparative study of the Guliya ice core with the Greenland GRIP ice core显示文摘Based on a comparative study of the Gtdiya ice core with the Greenland GRIP ice core, the abrupt climatic changes on the Tibetan Plateau during the Last Ice Age have been examined. The major stadial-interstadial events and 7 warm events (BrΦrump, Odderade, Oerel, Glinde, Hengelo, Denekamp, BΦlling) are consistent in the two ice cores. However, there are some unique features in the Guliya ice core records. The transition from warm to cold periods in the Guliya ice core is faster than that in the Greenland GRIP ice core. The magnitude of the climatic changes in the Guliya ice core is also larger than that in the Greenland GRIP ice core. Another significant feature of the Guliya ice core records is that there is a series of cycles of about 200 a from 18 to 35 kaBP. 22 warm events and 20 cold events with a fluctuation magnitude of 7℃ have been distinguished. The warm and cold events with a fluctuation magnitude within 3℃ are as high as 100. It is speculated that the abrupt climatic changes in | 姚檀栋 | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，4： | 49 |
| 4 | Variations in temperature and precipitation in the past 2000 a on the Xizang (Tibet) Plateau——Guliya ice core record显示文摘The past temperature and precipitation variations are recorded precisely and continuously in μ18O and glacial accumulation records in the Guliya ice core. Fight warm periods and seven cold periods can be distinguished in the past 2000 a. Of the four most intensive cold periods, three are in the Little Ice Age and one in the 11th - 12th century. The variation of precipitation is relatively small compared with that of temperature. Five humid periods and four dry periods occurred in the past 2 000 a. The long-term variation of temperature is positively correlated with that of precipitation according to the Guliya ice core record, but the variation of precipitation lags behind the variation of temperature. | 姚檀栋 L.G.Thompson 秦大河 田立德 焦克勤 杨志红 谢超 | 1996 | Science China Earth Sciences1996，39，4： | 46 |
| 5 | Arctic Sea Ice Decline Intensified Haze Pollution in Eastern China显示文摘Air quality in eastern China has becoming more and more worrying in recent years, and haze is now No.1 air pollution issue. Results in this study show the decreasing Arctic sea ice(ASI) is an important contributor to the recent increased haze days in eastern China. The authors find that the number of winter haze days(WHD) in eastern China is strongly negatively correlated with the preceding autumn ASI during 1979–2012, and about 45%– 67% of the WHD interannual to interdecadal variability can be explained by ASI variability. Following previous studies on the impact of ASI loss on the northern hemisphere climate, the authors' studies further reveal that the reduction of autumn ASI leads to positive sea-level pressure anomalies in mid-latitude Eurasia, northward shift of track of cyclone activity in China, and weak Rossby wave activity in eastern China south of 40N during winter season. These atmospheric circulation changes favor less cyclone activity and more stable atmosphere in eastern China, leading to more haze days there. Furthermore, the patterns of circulation changes associated with autumn ASI and WHD are in very good agreement over the East Asia, particularly in eastern China. The authors suggest that haze pollution may continue to be a serious issue in the near future as the decline of ASI continues under global warming. | WANG Hui-Jun CHEN Huo-Po LIU Jiping | 2015 | Atmospheric and Oceanic Science Letters2015，8，1： | 43 |
| 6 | Decadal climatic variations recorded in Guliya ice core and comparison with the historical documentary data from East China during the last 2000 years显示文摘The high-resolution records of δ18O and snow accumulation variations from the Guliya ice core provide valuable data for research on climatic variations at a decadal resolution during the past 2000 years in China. Based on the ice core data, five spells have been divided: the warm and wet period before 270 AD, the cold and dry period between 280 and 970 AD, the moderate and dry period between 970 and 1510 AD, the well-defined' Little Ice Age 'with drastic cold-warm fluctuations between 1510 and 1930 AD and the warming period since 1930 AD. According to the combination of temperature and precipitation, cold events (55 times) surpass warm ones (26 times), and dry events (55 times) surpass wet ones (45 times). Cold-wet events (14 times) are less than cold-dry ones (16 times), while warmwet events (10 times) are more than warm-dry ones (4 times). If the difference of 2‰ in δ18O (corresponding to 3K in temperature) between two or three adjacent decades is taken as the criterion of it, the abrupt | 施雅风 姚檀栋 杨保 | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，S1： | 31 |
| 7 | East Asia Winter Monsoon changes inferred from environmentally sensitive grain-size component records during the last 2300 years in mud area southwest off Cheju Island,ECS显示文摘Environmentally sensitive grain-size component (ESGSC) extracted from grain-size data of a sediment core B2, which were retrieved from mud area southwest off Cheju Island (MACI), East China Sea (ECS), can be used to indicate the variations of East Asia Winter Monsoon (EAWM), with high (low) content/mean-size of ESGCS denote to strong (weak) EAWM. Combined with AMS14C datings core B2 provides a continuous high-resolution record of EAWM changes over the past 2300 years, with an average resolution of 13 years. The results show that the variations of EAWM are con-sistent with temperature changes inferred from historical documents in eastern China over the past 2300 years, from which four climate stages may be identified. In stages before 1900 aBP (50 AD) and 1450―780 aBP (50―1170 AD) the EAWM were comparatively weak, corresponding to warm climate periods in eastern China, respectively. And in stages of 1900―1450 aBP (50―500 AD) and 780―219 aBP (1170―1731 AD) the EAWM were strongly developed, which correspond well to climate changes of two cold periods in eastern China. It is also shown from this study that the stage at 780―219 aBP (1170―1731 AD) was the coldest climate period during the last 2300 years and could be, therefore, related to the Little Ice Age (LIA). Climatic fluctuations appeared obviously in all the four stages, and two climate events of abrupt changes from warm to cold occurred at around 1900 aBP (50 AD) and 780 aBP (1170 AD), of which the latter is probably related to globe-scale changes of atmospheric circulation at that time. | Yoshiki Saito | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，6： | 28 |
| 8 | 破冰船技术及几种破冰方法显示文摘1破冰船的主要特点
在船舶设计和建造史上,破冰船是相对较晚发展的船舶。世界上最早的破冰船诞生于1837年的美国费城,是一艘名为“City ice boat No.1”的蒸汽机驱动轮叶的船只;第一艘核动力破冰船“列宁”号诞生于1959年的前苏联。目前在世界上设计和建造破冰船能力最强的国家主要有:俄罗斯、芬兰、瑞典、德国、美国、挪威、丹麦、日本、加拿大等,尤其是以环北冰洋的几个国家设计和建造能力最强。 | 沈权 赵炎平 | 2010 | 航海技术2010，，1： | 27 |
| 9 | North Pacific sea ice cover, a predictor for the Western North Pacific typhoon frequency?显示文摘The relationship between the sea ice cover in the North Pacific and the typhoon frequency has been studied in this paper. It follows that the index for the sea ice cover in the North Pacific (ISA) both in December-January-February (DJF) and in March-April-May (MAM) is negatively correlated with annual typhoon number over the western North Pacific (TNWNP) during 1965―2004, with correlation coeffi-cients of -0.42 and -0.49 respectively (above 99% significant level). Large sea ice cover in the North Pacific tends to decrease TNWNP. Positive ISA (MAM) is associated with the tropical circulation and SST anomalies in the North Pacific, which may lead to unfavorable dynamic and thermal conditions for typhoon genesis over WNP from June to October (JJASO). The variability of the atmospheric circula-tion over the North Pacific, associated with the ISA anomaly in MAM is connected to the tropical at-mospheric circulation variability in MAM via the teleconnection wave train. Besides, as the tropical circulation has strong seasonal persistency from the MAM to JJASO, thus, the ISA in MAM-related variability of the tropical atmospheric circulation as well as the SST can affect the typhoon activity over the western North Pacific. | FAN Ke Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China Department of Atmospheric Science, Yun-nan University, Kunming 650091, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，8： | 25 |
| 10 | Evidence for cold events in the early Holocene from the Guliya ice core, Tibetan Plateau,China显示文摘Evidence for the '8.2 ka cold event' has been provided mostly from the circum-North Atlantic area. However, whether this cold event occurred in other places is a key to understanding its cause. Here, we provide the evidence for the '8.2 ka cold event' from the Guliya ice core in the northwest Tibetan Plateau, and it was found that the peak cooling (-8.3-8.2 ka) in this ice core was about 7.8-10°C, which was larger than the cooling in the North Atlantic region. The primary causes for this episode were diminished solar activity and weakened thermohaline circulation. Moreover, another weak cold event, centered about 9.4 ka, was also recorded in the Guliya ice core record. These two cold events were concurrent with the ice-rafting episodes in the North Atlantic during the early Holocene, which implies that the millennial-scale climatic cyclicity might exist in the Tibetan Plateau as well as in the North Atlantic. | WANG Ninglian YAO Tandong L.G.Thompson K.A.Henderson M.E.Davis | 2002 | Chinese Science Bulletin2002，47，17： | 23 |
| 11 | Lightning activity and precipitation structure of hailstorms显示文摘By using the cloud-to-ground (CG) lightning location data from the lightning detection network of He- nan Province, surface Doppler radar data and standard orbit data of PR, TMI and LIS on TRMM satellite, the spatial and temporal characteristics of CG lightning flashes in 10 severe hailstorms are analyzed. The results show that the percentage of +CG lightning in these hailstorms is high with an average value of 45.5%. There is a distinct increase in CG flash rate during the rapid development stage of hailstorms. The hailstone falling corresponds to an active positive flash period, and the increase of +CG flash rate is generally accompanied with a decrease of –CG flash rate. The flash rate declines rapidly during the dissipating stage of hailstorms. The precipitation structure and lightning activity in two typical hail- storms are studied in detail. It is found that strong convective cells with reflectivity greater than 30dBZ mainly are situated in the front region of hailstorms, whereas the trailing stratiform region is in the rear part of the hailstorms. The maximum heights of echo top are higher than 14 km. Convective rain con- tributes much more rainfall to the total than stratiform rain, and the convective rain takes about 85% and 97% of the total in the two cases, respectively. Total lightning in the hailstorms is very active with the flash rate up to 183 fl/min and 55 fl/min, respectively. The results also indicate that most lightning flashes occurred in the echo region greater than 30 dBZ and its immediate periphery. The probability of lightning occurrence is 20 times higher in the convective region than in the stratiform region. The result suggests that the lightning information is helpful to the identification of convective rain region. The linear relationship between flash rate and ice water content is disclosed primarily. | FENG GuiLi1,2, QIE XiuShu3,1, YUAN Tie1 & NIU ShuZhen4 1 Laboratory of Lightning and Thunderstorm, Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China 2 Shandong Research Institute of Meteorology, Jinan 250031, China 3 Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 4 The Meteorological Observatory of Henan Province, Zhengzhou 450003, China | 2007 | Science China Earth Sciences2007，50，4： | 22 |
| 12 | ICE在网络管理中的应用研究显示文摘随着计算机网络的快速发展,超大规模异构网络的管理成为网络应用的一个瓶颈。文中介绍了最新的中间件技术———ICE,包括ICE的特点和性能。探讨了应用ICE技术集成SNMP,CMIP等现在流行网络管理系统的方案,并分析了其特点。文中还研究了采用ICE对网络QoS的实施和管理模型,并得出了ICE服务将是未来网络管理发展的趋势。ICE中间件技术是非常适合网络管理的。 | 管志东 李建华 张少俊 | 2006 | 计算机技术与发展2006，16，2： | 17 |
| 13 | Peat molecular fossils recording paleoclimatic change and organism replacement显示文摘The occurrence of the dominant C23 n-alkane derived from bryophyte was demonstrated to be related to the cold climate, based on the GC and GC/MS analyses on a 40-cm long peat core, in which this compound exponentially varies in abundance with the depth corresponding to the well-known second Little Ice Age. Both the variation of the chemical components of modern bryophyte resulted from climatic change and the ecological data about the biological growth influenced by climate shed light on the point that the variation of this compound in the peat was related to the cold climate. This was also evidenced by the previously-reported lacustrine data. In addition, the variations of the ratios of ketones/esters and C24 n-alkene/n-alkane (C24:1/024:0) display the trend identical with that of organisms, implicating the replacement between bryophyte and monocotyledon occurring in the peat core. | XIE Shucheng & R. P. Evershed1. Faculty of Earth Science, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China 2. School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TS, UK Correspondence should be addressed to Xie Shucheng (e-mail: scxie@ public.wh.hb.cn) | 2001 | Chinese Science Bulletin2001，46，20： | 16 |
| 14 | EFFECTS OF VARIATION OF WINTER SEA-ICE AREA IN KARA AND BARENTS SEAS ON EAST ASIA WINTER MONSOON显示文摘By analyzing the observation data and performing the numerical simulation tests,it is shownthat the Kara and the Barents Sea area is a key region to influence climate variation over theNorthern Hemisphere.The variation of winter sea-ice area in the key region is closely associatedwith that of the EU teleconnection pattern at 500 hPa and East Asia winter monsoon(EAWM)intensity.When a heavy sea-ice prevails in the key region,the EU teleconnection pattern at 500hPa is excited easily(there are positive 500 hPa height anomalies over around Japan and WestEurope),and winter Siberia high is weakened,meanwhile,sea level pressure(SLP)has positiveanomalies over the Northern Pacific.Therefore,EAWM will be weakened,winter temperatureover East Asia is above normal and the frequency of cold-air activity in February in China will bedecreased.When the light sea-ice occurs in the key region,the results will be opposite. | 武炳义 黄荣辉 高登义 | 1999 | Acta meteorologica Sinica1999，13，2： | 16 |
| 15 | 南水北调中线输水工程若干冰力学问题试验研究显示文摘通过在低温冰工程实验室进行的冰力学模型试验,研究了南水北调中线工程冰期输水中的若干冰力学问题,主要包括:冰的膨胀力、冰盖稳定性和浮冰对闸墩的撞击力。试验结果给出了冰的膨胀力变化典型时程曲线、不同厚度冰盖的膨胀力极值变化;不同厚度的冰盖随水位下降的最大塌落值;以及冰排对闸墩的撞击力的冰力时程曲线、冰力极值随冰速的变化曲线。这些试验成果可为南水北调中线工程冰期输水安全运行提供参考。 | 徐国宾 李大冉 黄焱 赵新 | 2010 | 水科学进展2010，21，6： | 15 |
| 16 | Sensitivity of sea ice and ocean simulations to sea ice salinity in a coupled global climate model显示文摘The impacts of the spatiotemporal variations of sea ice salinity on sea ice and ocean characteristics have not been studied in detail, as the existing climate models neglect or misrepresent this process. To address this issue, this paper formulated a parameterization with more realistic sea ice salinity budget, and examined the sensitivity of sea ice and ocean simulations to the ice salinity variations and associated salt flux into the ocean using a coupled global climate model. Results show that the inclusion of such a parameterization leads to an increase and thickening of sea ice in the Eurasian Arctic and within the ice pack in the Antarctic circumpolar region, and a weakening of the North Atlantic Deep Water and a strengthening of the Antarctic Bottom Water. The atmospheric responses associated with the ice changes were also discussed. | LIU JiPing State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics, Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100029, China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，6： | 15 |
| 17 | Climatic and environmental implications from organic matter in Dasuopu glacier in Xixiabangma in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau显示文摘A series of organic compounds in snow and ice were identified from Dasuopu glacier in Xixiabangma in Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. Organic compounds derived from natural organisms include n-alkanes ranging from C15 to C33, normal monoearboxylie acids of C6—C18, n-alkan-2-ones of C24—C31 and esters. The unstable compounds widely present in lower troposphere disppear in the middle-upper troposphere. Lots of other organic compounds from petroleum residues were also unexpectedly identified from the glacier, covering pristane, phytane, extended tricyclie terpanes of C19—C29, C24 tetracyclic terpane, αβ hopane compounds of C27—C35, and cholestanes of C27—C29. The remote Xixiabangma region is unambiguously polluted from anthropology activities. The petroleum residues were proposed to be mainly from the Mideast and India, not from China. The organic pollutants from oil fires ignited during the well-known Gulf War which broke out in 1991 were also recorded in the glacier. | 谢树成 姚檀栋 康世昌 段克勤 徐柏青 L. G. Thompson | 1999 | Science China Earth Sciences1999，42，4： | 15 |
| 18 | 经皮椎体成形术中心内水泥栓塞:发生率、危险因素和临床管理显示文摘目的评估经皮椎体成形术(PV)期间心内水泥栓塞(ICE)的发生率和危险因素。材料与方法本单中心回顾性分析纳入接受1 854次PV的1 512例连续性病人,手术原因包括骨质疏松症(34%)、恶性(39.9%)或其他原因(26.1%)导致的椎体压缩性骨折(VCF)/脊柱肿瘤病变。 | S.F.Hassani E.Cormier E.Shotar M.Drir J.P.Spano L.Morardet 徐晶(译) 陈秀玉(校) | 2019 | 国际医学放射学杂志2019，0，2： | 15 |
| 19 | Sea ice thickness measurement and its underside morphol-ogy analysis using radar penetration in the Arctic Ocean显示文摘Based on radar penetrating measurements and analysis of sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, the potential of radar wave to measure sea ice thickness and map the morphology of the under-side of sea ice is investigated. The results indicate that the radar wave can penetrate Arctic sum-mer sea ice of over 6 m in thickness; and the propagation velocity of the radar wave in sea ice is in the range of 0.142 m·ns-1 to 0.154 m·ns-1. The radar images display the roughness and mi-cro-relief variation of sea ice bottom surface. These features are closely related to sea ice types, which show that radar survey may be used to identify and classify ice types. Since radar images can simultaneously display the linear profile features of both the upper surface and the underside of sea ice, we use these images to quantify their actual linear length discrepancy. A new length factor is suggested in relation to the actual linear length discrepancy in linear profiles of sea ice, which may be useful in the further study of the area difference between the upper surface and bottom surface of sea ice. | 孙波 温家洪 何茂兵 康建成 罗宇忠 李院生 | 2003 | Science China Earth Sciences2003，46，11： | 14 |
| 20 | δ^(18)O record and temperature change over the past 100 years in ice cores on the Tibetan Plateau显示文摘The 213 m ice core from the Puruogangri Ice Field on the Tibetan Plateau facilitates the study of the regional temperature changes with its δ18O record of the past 100 years. Here we combine information from this core with that from the Dasuopu ice core (from the southern Tibetan Plateau), the Guliya ice core (from the northwestern Plateau) and the Dunde ice core (from the northeastern Plateau) to learn about the regional differences in temperature change across the Tibetan Plateau. Theδ18O changes vary with region on the Plateau, the variations being especially large between South and North and between East and West. Moreover, these four ice cores present increasing δ18O trends, indicating warming on the Tibetan Plateau over the past 100 years. A comparative study of Northern Hemisphere (NH) temperature changes, the δ18O-reflected temperature changes on the Plateau, and available meteorological records show consistent trends in overall warming during the past 100 years. | Lonnie Thompson | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，1： | 14 |
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