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| 1 | Biochar can Increase Chinese Cabbage(Brassica oleracea L.)Yield,Decrease Nitrogen and Phosphorus Leaching Losses in Intensive Vegetable Soil显示文摘There are few evidences on the effect of biochar on vegetable yield,nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)leaching losses under intensive vegetable production soil.The current field plot scale study evaluated responses of Chinese cabbage(Brassica oleracea L.)yield,N and P leaching losses using five N treatments of common N application rate according to local farmers’practice(N100%),reducing 20%or 40%N fertilizer(N80%and N60%),and reducing 40%N fertilizer but incorporating 10 or 20 t/ha biochar(N60%+BC10 and N60%+BC20).Results showed that N80%and N60%decreased both the cabbage economic and leaf yields by 6.8%-36.3%and 27.4%-37.7%,respectively.Incorporation of biochar with reduced N fertilizer rates improved the cabbage yield,in particular the N60%+BC20 matched the yield that observed in N100%treatment.Enhanced N and P uptake capacities of cabbage shoot probably contributed the higher vegetable production under both biochar amendment schemes.Biochar application mitigated the NH_(4)^(+)-N and total P leaching losses by 20%-30%and 29%-32%,respectively,compared with their counterpart treatment N60%.Nevertheless,biochar exerted no influence on the NO_(3)^(-)-N leaching.In addition,soil organic matter content was recorded with 7.4%-28.7%higher following 10-20 t/ha biochar application.In conclusion,biochar application can increase economic yield of cabbage via increasing N and P use efficiency,decrease N and P leaching losses,and improve soil quality in an intensive vegetable production system. | Haijun Sun Paramsothy Jeyakumar Hongdong Xiao Xuewen Li Jiayou Liu Min Yu Prabal Bir Jung Rana Weiming Shi | 2022 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2022，91，1： | 3 |
| 2 | 植物^(13)C标记对生物质炭理化性质的影响显示文摘研究了未标记和^(13)C脉冲标记的水稻和杨树在不同温度下制备得到的生物质炭理化性质的差异.以水稻和杨树为原料,进行^(13)C脉冲标记,分别在300℃和500℃下裂解,得到8种不同的生物质炭,即300℃和500℃未标记水稻生物质炭、300℃和500℃^(13)C标记水稻生物质炭、300℃和500℃未标记杨树生物质炭及300℃和500℃^(13)C标记杨树生物质炭,分析植物^(13)C标记、裂解温度和原料对生物质炭主要理化性质的影响.结果表明,植物^(13)C标记后,制备得到的生物质炭TC含量降低,固定碳含量增加,水稻生物质炭的NO_(3)^(-)-N含量增加.随着裂解温度从300℃升高到500℃,^(13)C标记生物质炭的灰分、pH、固定碳含量增加,DOC、TN和NH_(4)^(+)-N含量减少,C/N有所增加.三因素方差分析表明,制备原料是影响生物质炭的灰分、TC和固定碳含量的最重要因素,对变异的解释程度分别为0.87、0.92和0.55;裂解温度是影响生物质炭的pH、DOC、TN、NH_(4)^(+)-N和NO_(3)^(-)-N含量的最重要因素,对变异的解释程度分别为0.94、0.91、0.79、0.47和0.67;生物质炭的理化性质受到制备原料、裂解温度和植物^(13)C脉冲标记三者的交互作用的影响,尤其是制备原料和裂解温度之间的交互.进一步通过主成分分析发现,裂解温度对生物质炭的理化性质影响最大,其次是制备原料,植物^(13)C标记的影响最小.综上所述,植物^(13)C脉冲标记对所制备的生物质炭的主要理化性质存在明显影响,易分解碳和氮则主要受裂解温度的影响.本研究将为同位素技术在生物质炭研究中的应用提供基础数据,并为相关研究选择合适的生物质炭种类提供参考. | 耿慧丽 卢伟伟 张芳超 查全智 | 2022 | 环境科学学报2022，42，11： | 0 |
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