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| 1 | Raw material of water-washed hydrochar was critical for the mitigation of GHGI in infertile paddy soil:a column experiment显示文摘Water washing is a meaningful method to improve the surface’characteristic of hydrochar produced using hydrothermal carbonization and minimize the negative effect on crop growth.However,the greenhouse effect resulting from water-washed hydrochar application was unclear in agricultural ecosystems.Hence,the effect of water-washed hydrochar on methane and nitrous oxide emissions was analyzed in an infertile paddy soil based on a soil-column experiment.Sawdust-derived hydro-char(WSH)and wheat straw-derived hydrochar(WWH)after water washing were selected and applied with low(5‰,w/w;8.5 t ha^(−1))or high addition rate(15‰,w/w;25.5 t ha^(−1)).The study indicated that water-washed hydrochar could increase the grain yield;the difference between WWH with 5‰application rate and CKU treatments was significant.WSH signifi-cantly decreased CH4 and N2O emissions in comparison with WWH addition treatments.For the same material,there were trends in reducing greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions at low application rate,although the differences were not significant.Compared with all treatments,WSH with 5‰application rate achieved the lowest seasonal emissions for both GHGs.The mcrA gene was the critical factor affecting CH4 emission;soil NO_(3)^(−)-N concentration and the copy numbers of nirK,nirS,and nosZ jointly affected N2O emissions.Benefits from the high yield and low global warming potential,GHG emission intensity(GHGI)at low application rate was lower than at high application rate for WSH.Overall,the response of GHG emissions to water-washed hydrochar varies with the derived feedstock;WSH is a good additive for the mitigation of GHGI. | Yuanyuan Wu Pengfu Hou Zhi Guo Haijun Sun Detian Li Lihong Xue Yanfang Feng Shan Yu Linzhang Yang Baoshan Xing | 2021 | Biochar2021，3，3： | 0 |
| 2 | Effect of invasive weed biochar amendment on soil enzymatic activity and respiration of coal mine spoil:a laboratory experiment study显示文摘Mining and excavation activities cause massive degradation of land,leading to complete loss of soil resources,vegetation,and biodiversity.Mine spoils support invasive weeds(predominantly Lantana)which can strive in these harsh conditions,causing allelopathy during plantation stage of reclamation.It is hypothesised that biochar produced from invasive weeds will enhance enzymatic activity,CO_(2)flux and overall fertility of coal mine spoil.A 6-month incubation study was conducted on the effect of biochar amendment(2 and 3%,w/w)on mine spoil enzymatic activities(dehydrogenase,invertase,amylase and cellulase),respiration and coal mine spoil fertility.The study showed that biochar significantly improved dehydrogenase(83%)and cellulase activity(78%)at 3%amendment.Geometric mean of enzymatic activities increased from 1.87 in control to 4.51 at 2%and 3.25 at 3%biochar amendment.Mine spoil physio-chemical properties such as soil organic carbon(65%),cation exchange capacity(54%),bulk density(25%)and water holding capacity(19%),were improved significantly com-pared to the unamended mine spoil.Biochar amendment reduced mine spoil CO_(2)flux at 2%(2.85μmol CO_(2)m^(−2)s^(−1))and 3%(2.60μmol CO_(2)m^(−2)s^(−1))compared to control(4.92μmol CO_(2)m^(−2)s^(−1)).The cost of biochar production and application(2%,w/w)in pit plantation during reclamation is estimated to be 844 USD t ha−1(plantation density:1600 trees ha−1).On the basis of present study,biochar preparation from invasive weeds can be used for sustainable reclamation of coal mine spoil. | Dipita Ghosh Subodh Kumar Maiti | 2021 | Biochar2021，3，4： | 0 |
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