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| 1 | Role of digestive protease enzymes and related genes in host plant adaptation of a polyphagous pest,Spodoptera frugiperda显示文摘The evolutionary success of phytophagous insects depends on their ability toefficiently exploit plants as a source of energy for survival.Herbivorous insects largelydepend on the efficiency,flexibility,and diversity of their digestive physiology and sophistication of their detoxification system to use chemically diverse host plants as foodsources.The fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E.Smith),is a polyphagous pest ofmany commercially important crops.To elucidate the ability of this insect pest to adaptto host plant mechanisms,we evaluated the impact of primary(corn)and alternate(rice)host plants after 1l generations on gut digestive enzymatic activity and expression profiles of related genes.Results indicated that the total protease and classspecific trypsinand chymotrypsinlike protease activity of S.frugiperda significantly differed among hostplant treatments.The classspecifiq protease profiles greatly differed in S.frugiperdamidguts upon larval exposure to different treatments with inhibitors compared with treatments without inhibitors.Similarly,the single and cumulative effects of the enzymespecific inhibitors TLCK,TPCK,and E64 significantly increased larval mortality and reduced larval growth/mass across different plant treatments.Furthermore,the quantitativereverse transcription polymerase chain reaction results revealed increased transcription oftwo trypsin(SfTry3,SfTry7)and one chymotrypsin gene(Sfchym9),which indicatedthat they have roles in host plant adaptation.Knockdown of these genes resulted in significantly reduced mRNA expression levels of the trypsin genes.This was related to theincreased mortality observed in treatments compared with the dsRED control.This resultindicates possible roles of S.frugiperda gut digestive enzymes and related genes in hostplant adaptation. | Muhammad Hafeez Xiao-Wei Li Jin-Ming Zhang Zhi-Jun Zhang Jun Huang Li-Kun Wang Muhammad Musa Khan Sakhawat Shah G.Mandela Fernandez-Grandon Yao-Bin Lu | 2021 | Insect Science2021，28，3： | 2 |
| 2 | 抑制剂和激活剂对梨星毛虫中肠蛋白酶活性的影响显示文摘旨在研究不同抑制剂和激活剂对梨星毛虫Illiberis pruni中肠蛋白酶活性的影响。利用生化技术分别测定梨星毛虫幼虫不同龄期的4种中肠蛋白酶(总蛋白酶、强碱性胰蛋白酶、弱碱性胰蛋白酶和胰凝乳蛋白酶)活性,进而在最适龄期(4龄幼虫)测定蛋白酶激活剂(EDTA,MgCl_(2),EGTA,CaCl_(2))和抑制剂(PMSF,TPCK,STI,TLCK,IAA,DTT)对梨星毛虫中肠蛋白酶活性的影响。结果表明:梨星毛虫幼虫中肠总蛋白酶、强碱性胰蛋白酶、弱碱性胰蛋白酶、胰凝乳蛋白酶均在4龄具有最高酶活性。所有试剂均对总蛋白酶有激活作用;5mmol/LCaCl_(2)对强碱性胰蛋白酶抑制作用最高;对弱碱性胰蛋白酶有抑制作用的仅有5mmol/L DTT;对胰凝乳蛋白酶抑制效果最佳的为10mmol/LEGTA。所筛选的对梨星毛虫主要中肠蛋白酶具有抑制作用的抑制剂,对以昆虫中肠蛋白酶为靶标的绿色害虫防控技术的开发具有参考价值。 | 董艳璐 张战利 吴江波 陈玮 袁向群 李怡萍 | 2022 | 西北农业学报2022，31，9： | 1 |
| 3 | 植物蛋白酶抑制剂的抗虫性研究进展显示文摘蛋白酶抑制剂(protease inhibitors, PIs)是一种小分子多肽或蛋白质,广泛存在于植物组织中。植物蛋白酶抑制剂可调控昆虫内源性蛋白酶活性,参与细胞程序性死亡等生理过程;能进入昆虫消化道,抑制蛋白酶水解活性,干扰昆虫正常生长发育,从而有助于相关植物抵御昆虫为害。相关研究虽然很多,但不少基本问题仍需要进一步深入探讨,如昆虫识别食物中PIs的模式和策略、昆虫防御PIs涉及的关键基因和相关机制调控元件等。对于刺吸式口器昆虫如蚜虫,寄主植物蛋白酶抑制剂的抗虫性除了抑制蛋白酶的水解活性,也表现在对其免疫系统和繁殖能力的调节功能上,但其作用涉及的独特生理生化机制目前仍不清楚。随着分子生物学和组学技术的快速发展,快速筛选新型、高效蛋白酶抑制剂已成为可能,这些新型、高效PIs与转基因技术、纳米技术、RNA干扰等新技术的结合使用,将在各种害虫包括蚜虫等刺吸式害虫的绿色防控中具有重要价值和广泛应用前景。本文综述了植物蛋白酶抑制剂近年来的研究进展,探讨了植物蛋白酶抑制剂的生理功能、昆虫的适应机制以及在蚜虫防治方面的最新研究成果,并展望了蛋白酶抑制剂研究的未来发展趋势及在害虫绿色防治方面的应用前景。 | 张娜 刘志伟 刘德广 | 2022 | 植物保护2022，48，6： | 1 |
| 4 | Effects of inhibitors on the protease profiles and degradation of activated Cry toxins in larval midgut juices of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae)显示文摘Midgut juice plays an important role in food digestion and detoxification in insects.In order to understand the potential of midgut juice of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis(Guenée)to degrade Bt proteins,the enzymatic activity of midgut juice and its degradation of Bt proteins(Cry2A,Cry1C,Cry1Aa,and Cry1Ac)were evaluated in this study through protease inhibitor treatments.The activities of total protease in midgut juices were significantly inhibited by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride(PMSF),tosyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone(TLCK),pepstatin A and leupeptin.The enzymatic activity of chymotrypsin was significantly inhibited by PMSF,and enzymatic activity of trypsin was significantly inhibited by ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid(EDTA),PMSF,tosyl phenylalanine chloromethyl ketone(TPCK),TLCK and trans-epoxysuccinyl-L-leucylamido-(4-guanidino)butane(E-64).EDTA could significantly inhibit the degradation of Cry2A by C.medinalis.EDTA,PMSF,TPCK,and TLCK could inhibit the degradation of Cry1C and Cry1Aa.EDTA,PMSF,TPCK,TLCK,and E-64 could inhibit the degradation of Cry1Ac.Our results indicated that some protease inhibitors hindered various enzymatic activities in the larval midgut of C.medinalis,which may reduce the insect’s ability to degrade Bt toxins.These findings may aid the application of protease inhibitors in the management of this insect pest in the future. | YANG Ya-jun XU Hong-xing WU Zhi-hong LU Zhong-xian | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2021，20，8： | 1 |
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