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| 1 | 河南“21·7”特大暴雨过程微物理特征变化分析显示文摘本文结合地面稠密雨滴谱仪网和双偏振天气雷达观测,研究了河南“21·7”特大暴雨过程在2021年7月19~21日期间的降水微物理特征变化.本次过程强降水(分钟降水强度>20mm h^(-1))的地面雨滴谱参数分布较广,覆盖了典型的大陆和海洋性对流特征,表明地面降水微物理特征具有显著的时空变化.利用K-means聚类算法,将强降水样本按地面雨滴谱分布特征分为五类,发现不同类型强降水的雨滴谱特征具有明显差异.其中,降水强度超过100mm h^(-1)的极端降水类型主要由平原区的深对流系统产生,其内部存在活跃的冰相微物理过程和高效的暖雨碰并过程,导致地面降水雨滴浓度高、平均粒径大.地形起伏区域的强降水对流发展高度较低,暖雨过程活跃而冰相过程受限,形成的大雨滴数浓度较小.此外,平原地区雨滴谱仪也在某一时段中观测到多种类型降水的存在,表明平原地区强降水对流及其微物理特征具有多样性. | 陈刚 赵坤 吕迎辉 郑媛媛 薛明 谈哲敏 徐昕 黄浩 陈浩南 徐芬 杨吉 张树时 范雪琪 | 2022 | 中国科学:地球科学2022，52，10： | 6 |
| 2 | 福建安溪雨滴谱特征显示文摘雨滴谱观测对理解云-降水物理过程和提高雷达降水估测等有重要意义,利用福建安溪2017—2020年雨滴谱资料,研究不同季节和不同类型的雨滴谱特征和差异,提出该地区降水的雷达反射率因子与降水强度(Z-R)关系和形状参数与斜率参数(μ-A)关系,并与国内其他典型地区进行对比。结果表明:福建安溪雨滴谱季节差异明显,整体上夏季雨滴粒径最大、总数浓度最高,冬季粒径最小,春季总数浓度最低;随粒径增大,四季雨滴数浓度季节变化与台湾省桃园市相似,但小雨滴数浓度存在差异。与华东和华北地区相比,福建安溪夏季层状云小雨滴数浓度更高,中大雨滴数浓度则与华东地区较为一致;夏季对流云小雨滴数浓度与华北地区接近,中雨滴数浓度则与华东地区接近,大雨滴数浓度则介于两个地区之间。夏季福建安溪层状云和对流云降水的ZR关系与台湾省桃园市得到的结果较为吻合;斜率参数A大于2.5 mm;时,福建安溪的形状参数μ值与美国佛罗里达地区的结果十分相近。 | 黄泽文 彭思越 张浩然 郑佳锋 曾正茂 王莹珏 | 2022 | 应用气象学报2022，33，2： | 5 |
| 3 | Variability of microphysical characteristics in the “21·7” Henan extremely heavy rainfall event显示文摘In this study, significant rainfall microphysical variability is revealed for the extremely heavy rainfall event over Henan Province in July 2021(the “21·7” Henan EHR event) using a dense network of disdrometers and two polarimetric radars.The broad distributions of specific drop size distribution(DSD) parameters are identified in heavy rainfall from the disdrometer observations, indicating obvious microphysical variability on the surface. A K-means clustering algorithm is adopted to objectively classify the disdrometer datasets into separate groups, and distinct DSD characteristics are found among these heavy rainfall groups. Combined with the supporting microphysical structures obtained through radar observations, comprehensive microphysical features of the DSD groups are derived. An extreme rainfall group is dominantly formed in the deep convection over the plain regions, where the high number of concentrations and large mean sizes of surface raindrops are underpinned by both active ice-phase processes and efficient warm-rain collision-coalescence processes in the vertical direction. Convection located near orographic regions is characterized by restricted ice-phase processes and high coalescence efficiency of liquid hydrometeors, causing the dominant DSD group to comprise negligible large raindrops. Multiple DSD groups can coexist within certain precipitation episodes at the disdrometer stations, indicating the potential microphysical variability during the passage of convective system on the plain regions. | Gang CHEN Kun ZHAO Yinghui LU Yuanyuan ZHENG Ming XUE Zhe-Min TAN Xin XU Hao HUANG Haonan CHEN Fen XU Ji YANG Shushi ZHANG Xueqi FAN | 2022 | Science China Earth Sciences2022，65，10： | 4 |
| 4 | Regional Characteristics of Cloud Radiative Effects before and after the South China Sea Summer Monsoon Onset显示文摘The South China Sea summer monsoon(SCSSM)onset is characterized by rapid thermodynamical changes in the atmosphere that are critical to regional weather and climate processes.So far,few studies have focused on the changes in the associated cloud and radiative features.This study investigates spatiotemporal characteristics of topof-atmosphere(TOA)cloud radiative effects(CREs)before and after the SCSSM onset over the South China Sea(SCS)and South China(SC),based on the 2001–2016 Clouds and the Earth’s Radiant Energy System(CERES)Energy Balanced and Filled(EBAF)satellite data and ERA-Interim reanalysis data.Before the SCSSM onset,strong net CRE(NCRE)dominated by its cooling shortwave component occurs over SC,while descending motion and weak NCRE prevail over the SCS.In the SCSSM onset pentad,convection,high clouds,and longwave and shortwave CREs(LWCRE and SWCRE)abruptly increase over the southern and central SCS,and their high-value centers subsequently move northeastward and are strongly affected by the western Pacific subtropical high.The strong offset between LWCRE and SWCRE enables the NCRE intensity(TOA radiation budget)to be quite small(large)between the SCS and the western North Pacific after the SCSSM onset.In contrast,low–middle-level clouds and strong cooling SWCRE remain over SC after the SCSSM onset,but the increasing high clouds and LWCRE weaken(intensify)the regional NCRE(TOA radiation budget)intensity.These marked latitudinal differences in CREs between the SCS and SC primarily arise from their respective dominant cloud types and circulation conditions,which manifest the differences between the tropical SCSSM and subtropical East Asian monsoon processes.The results indicate that regional cloud fractions and CREs before and after the SCSSM onset are strongly modulated by quickly changed largescale circulation over the East Asian monsoon regions,and the spatiotemporal variation of CREs is a response to the monsoonal circulation adjustment to a large extent. | Man HUANG Jiandong LI Gang ZENG Yongkun XIE | 2020 | Journal of Meteorological Research2020，34，6： | 0 |
| 5 | 面向遥感应用的飞秒激光脉冲超长距离传输的研究进展显示文摘强飞秒激光在空气中传输时,其传输距离会远远超越衍射极限,产生高强度光丝和低密度等离子体,并伴随超连续白光的辐射,这为远距离遥感探测大气污染物提供了一种有效的技术途径。面向天基遥感应用,概述了强飞秒激光长距离传输的研究进展,包括光丝传输的基本研究方法、产生长距离光丝的方法、调控光丝特性的手段以及飞秒激光光丝超长距离的传输,并对光丝在大气遥感应用中的优越特性和需要解决的基础科学问题进行了总结。 | 冯志芳 刘勋 郝婷 刘丽娜 李维 孙德伟 | 2023 | 中国激光2023，50，7： | 0 |
| 6 | 中国天山西部区域云降水物理野外观测科学试验研究若干进展显示文摘天山西部区域是中亚地区降水量最多的区域,其向西开口独特河谷地形与西风环流构成了中亚区域独有的云降水物理过程,降水形成积雪、冰川和径流对中亚社会经济和生态环境形成重要影响。随着国家“丝绸之路经济带”建设的推进,对中亚水资源、气象防灾减灾和生态环境保护提出了严峻的科技挑战,而该区域云降水物理过程的观测和研究是科技基础,仍处于起步阶段,不能满足国家战略和中国气象事业发展需求,为此于2019年建设了天山西部区域云降水物理野外观测科学试验基地,并对云宏微物理、层状云/对流云雨滴谱、中/西天山雨滴谱特征异同、冷锋暴雪微物理等开展了相关研究并取得了前沿成果,本文对此进行提炼总结,以期推动中亚地区云降水物理学科发展。 | 杨涛 杨莲梅 李建刚 仝泽鹏 | 2023 | 干旱区地理2023，46，10： | 0 |
| 7 | MJO对南海夏季降水的调制及其对海洋表层盐度的影响显示文摘基于向外长波辐射、降水、大气再分析资料和HYCOM(HYbrid Coordinate Ocean Model)盐度等资料,研究了MJO(Madden-Julian Oscillation,热带大气季节内振荡)对南海夏季降水的调制,并初步探讨了其对海洋表层盐度的影响。结果显示:MJO对南海夏季降水有显著的调制作用,导致南海降水具有强的季节内变化,其最显著周期为45 d。降水季节内信号在泰国湾北部、吕宋岛以西和台湾岛西南等迎风坡区域较强,而在越南外海的安南山脉背风区域较弱,且降水信号会随着MJO信号向东北方向移动。MJO对流抑制(活跃)中心所在区域,低层大气辐聚减弱(增强),中层大气对流减弱(增强),导致降水减少(增加);此外,MJO对流抑制(活跃)中心伴随的反气旋式(气旋式)环流会改变风场,风场减弱(增强)使得迎风区域的降水减少(增加)。MJO引起的降水异常进一步影响南海盐度,南海表层盐度也有明显的季节内变化特征,其显著周期和降水基本一致,为47 d,且盐度异常信号也随降水异常向东北移动。本研究结果有助于进一步了解南海降水和表层盐度的季节内变化特征。 | 谢晓丽 杨婧灵 凌征 | 2022 | 海洋科学进展2022，40，2： | 0 |
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