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| 1 | 苜蓿叶片碳同位素分辨率与水分利用效率的关系显示文摘在宁夏中部荒漠草原区设置三种水分处理,种植了10个遗传背景不同的紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)品种,分析了不同组分Δ^(13)C与蒸腾蒸发量(ET)、水分利用效率(WUE)和产量的关系。结果表明:随着灌水量的增加,苜蓿不同茬次干草产量、ET、叶片Δ^(13)C、叶片可溶糖Δ^(13)C和第一、第三茬WUE显著增加,但第二茬WUE降低。叶片Δ^(13)C在第一茬低水条件下(T1)与ET显著负相关,在第二茬T1和中水(T2)条件下与WUE显著正相关、在第二茬T1条件和第三茬高水(T3)条件下均与产量显著正相关。叶片可溶糖Δ^(13)C在第二茬T1条件下与ET呈显著负相关、与WUE显著正相关,在第三茬T3条件下与ET和WUE显著正相关,在第一、第三茬T3条件下与产量显著正相关。在全年尺度(三个茬次)上,叶片Δ^(13)C在三种水分处理下均与WUE显著正相关(P<0.01),叶片可溶糖Δ^(13)C仅在T1和T2条件下与WUE显著正相关(P<0.05)。综合分析认为:在宁夏荒漠草原有灌溉条件(200~990mm)下选择高叶片Δ^(13)C的苜蓿基因型有利于提高长期水平的WUE。 | 朱林 高雪 张会丽 许兴 | 2018 | 中国草地学报2018，40，1： | 8 |
| 2 | 不同刈割频率对黄土高原陇东苜蓿产量及其品质的影响显示文摘为探究黄土高原地区陇东苜蓿(Medicago sativa‘Longdong’)草地的合理利用方式,本研究于2012至2013年在黄土高原地区进行陇东苜蓿单播试验,试验分为多次刈割和一次刈割两种利用方式。结果表明:两年在多次刈割条件下陇东苜蓿的株高累积量、分枝数累积量和总产量均显著高于一次刈割;多次刈割条件下陇东苜蓿的粗脂肪(ether extract,EE)和粗灰分(Ash)含量显著高于一次刈割,而中性洗涤纤维(neutral detergent fiber,NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(acid detergent fiber,ADF)含量显著低于一次刈割;多次刈割条件下陇东苜蓿的粗蛋白(crude protein,CP)、EE、Ash和NDF的产量均显著高于一次刈割。相关分析显示,在一次刈割条件下产量与株高、分枝数以及CP、Ash、NDF和ADF含量显著正相关(P<0.05);在多次刈割条件下,产量与株高、分枝数、CP和EE含量极显著正相关(P<0.01),与NDF和ADF含量极显著负相关(P<0.01)。综上所述,多次刈割较一次刈割提高了苜蓿产量,并获得更多的营养物质,是一种适宜黄土高原陇东苜蓿草地的管理措施。 | 杨利烨 杨天辉 常生华 刘永杰 贾倩民 侯扶江 | 2020 | 草业科学2020，37，1： | 8 |
| 3 | Seasonal changes in the water-use strategies of three herbaceous species in a native desert steppe of Ningxia,China显示文摘Frequent periods of drought conditions are known to limit plant performance,primary production,and ecosystem stability in arid and semi-arid desert steppe environments.Plants often avoid competition by shifting their water use seasonally,which affects the water-use patterns of dominant species as well as the composition and structure of plant communities.However,the water-use strategies of dominant herbaceous species,which grow under natural field conditions in the desert steppe region of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region,China,are poorly known.Here,we explored the possible sources of water uptake and water-use efficiency(WUE)of three dominant herbaceous plant species(Stipa breviflora,Agropyron mongolicum,and Glycyrrhiza uralensis)in a native desert steppe in the semi-arid area of Ningxia through an analysis of multiple parameters,including(1)the stable isotopic oxygen and hydrogen(δ18O andδ2H)compositions of precipitation,soil water,and stem water,(2)the carbon isotope(13C)composition of leaves,and(3)the soil water contents,based on field sampling across varying water conditions from June to September,2017.Frequent small precipitation events replenished shallow soil water,whereas large events only percolated down to the deep soil layers.Changes in soil water availability affected the water-use patterns of plants.Generally,during light precipitation periods,the deep root system of G.uralensis accessed deeper(>80 cm)soil water,whereas S.breviflora and A.mongolicum,which only have shallow roots,primarily absorbed water from the shallow and middle soil layers.As precipitation increased,all three plant species primarily obtained water from the shallow soil layers.Variation in soil water uptake between the dry and wet seasons enabled plants to make better use of existing satoil water.In addition,theδ13C values of G.uralensis and S.breviflora were higher than those of A.mongolicum.Theδ13C values of the three plant species were significantly negatively correlated with soil water content.Therefore,G.uralensis and S.breviflora maintained a higher WUE through their conservative and water-saving strategies across the entire growing season.In contrast,A.mongolicum,with a relatively low WUE in the wet season but a high WUE in the dry season,exhibited a more flexible water-use strategy.The different water-use strategies of these dominant plant species demonstrated the mechanisms by which plant communities can respond to drought. | HU Haiying ZHU Lin LI Huixia XU Dongmei XIE Yingzhong | 2021 | Journal of Arid Land2021，13，2： | 4 |
| 4 | 不同水分处理对禾、豆牧草单、混播水分利用特征的影响显示文摘为了解禾、豆牧草混播在不同水分处理条件下的水分利用特征,采用盆栽控制试验,研究豆科牧草紫花苜蓿、沙打旺分别与禾本科牧草披碱草混播后在重度水分胁迫处理[T1,45%田间持水量(FC)]、中度水分胁迫处理[T2,55%FC]、正常灌水处理[T3,75%FC]条件下的产量、水分利用效率(WUE)、碳同位素分辨率(Δ^(13)C)及其之间的相关关系。结果表明:T1、T2处理下,单、混播禾、豆牧草的WUE高于T3处理;3种水分处理条件下,沙打旺的WUE均高于紫花苜蓿;T1、T3处理下,紫花苜蓿与披碱草混播组合的WUE均高于紫花苜蓿单播时的WUE,但低于披碱草单播时的WUE;而T3处理下,沙打旺与披碱草混播组合的WUE均高于沙打旺单播时的WUE,低于披碱草单播时的WUE。不同单、混播组合牧草的Δ^(13)C值随土壤含水量的增加而增大;当紫花苜蓿与披碱草混播组合中的豆、禾比为3∶7和7∶3时,各水分处理下紫花苜蓿的Δ^(13)C低于披碱草;而当豆、禾比为5∶5时,T1、T3处理下紫花苜蓿的Δ^(13)C高于披碱草,T2处理下紫花苜蓿的Δ^(13)C与披碱草相同。在重度(T1)和中度(T2)水分胁迫条件下,Δ^(13)C与WUE呈负相关;而在土壤水分量充足的条件(T3)下,Δ^(13)C与WUE为正相关。综上,适度干旱及牧草混播有助于提高牧草的水分利用效率。 | 苏莹 高雪 张会丽 朱林 | 2018 | 河南农业科学2018，47，2： | 1 |
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