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| 1 | 低频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中后记忆及认知功能的影响显示文摘目的观察低频重复经颅磁刺激(r TMS)刺激右侧前额叶背外侧皮层对脑卒中患者认知及记忆功能的影响。方法脑卒中后记忆功能障碍患者40例,随机分为磁刺激组(n=19)和假刺激组(n=21),分别接受真假1 Hz r TMS治疗。所有患者在治疗前、治疗结束后和治疗结束2个月后分别用蒙特利尔认知评估量表(Mo CA)中文版、洛文斯顿作业疗法认知评估(LOTCA)及行为记忆量表(RBMT)进行测评。结果两组在治疗后及治疗结束2个月时,Mo CA、LOTCA及RBMT评分均有显著升高(P<0.001),磁刺激组改善程度明显优于假刺激组(P<0.01)。结论低频r TMS可以改善脑卒中后认知及记忆功能障碍。 | 芦海涛 孙莉 郭华珍 张通 | 2015 | 中国康复理论与实践2015，21，9： | 31 |
| 2 | 不同强度低频重复经颅磁刺激对脑卒中患者运动功能和认知功能障碍的疗效显示文摘目的探讨不同强度低频重复经颅磁刺激(r TMS)对缺血性脑卒中偏瘫患者患侧运动功能及认知功能障碍的治疗效果。方法将2016年6月至2017年12月在四川省人民医院康复科住院治疗的180例缺血性脑卒中后偏瘫患者随机分为高强度组(n=90)和低强度组(n=90)。两组均给予基本药物和作业治疗,高强度组每天行2次低频r TMS,低强度组每天行1次低频r TMS,共治疗2周。治疗前后检测两组患者上下肢的SEP中枢传导时间(CCT)、MEP中枢运动传导时间(CMCT)及静息态阈值(RMT);并采用Fugl-Meyer运动功能评定(FMA)、简易精神状态评价量表(MMSE)和改良Barthel指数(MBI)进行功能评定。结果治疗后,两组患者患侧上下肢的CCT、CMCT以及静息态阈值较治疗前明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),FMA、MBI、MMSE评分较治疗前明显提高,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),并且高强度组的治疗效果均明显优于低强度组,差异有统计学意义(P<0. 05),无严重不良反应发生。结论高强度低频率r TMS对脑卒中患者运动功能和认知功能的改善效果明显优于低强度低频率r TMS。 | 陈奕杰 余茜 崔微 徐丽 | 2019 | 四川医学2019，40，7： | 33 |
| 3 | 重复经颅磁刺激对轻度认知障碍的干预效果显示文摘轻度认知障碍(mild cognitive impairment,MCI)是介于正常认知老化和老年痴呆的中间状态,目前尚无有效的药物治疗方案。重复经颅磁刺激(repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation,rTMS)可通过诱导突触可塑性的改变来改善大脑的认知功能。对rTMS干预MCI认知功能的有效性及神经机制进行分析。未来研究应优化定位手段,延长对干预效果的随访评估,考察不同刺激参数和刺激靶区对干预有效性的影响,以及结合脑成像技术来探索rTMS的干预机制。 | 陈娟 何昊 杨丹丹 关青 | 2021 | 心理科学进展2021，29，11： | 9 |
| 4 | 类风湿关节炎患者皮层形态改变与认知损害的相关性分析显示文摘目的观测类风湿关节炎(rheumatoid arthritis,RA)患者大脑皮层厚度及表面积的改变,探讨其与认知功能损害的关系。方法收集2016年12月至2017年5月在本院中西医结合科确诊的50例RA患者(RA组)及同期40例性别、年龄、受教育程度相匹配的健康志愿者(对照组)行高分辨率3D-T_1WI结构相扫描,利用Freesurfer软件分析两组间皮层厚度及表面积的差异,与患者的认知功能评分进行相关及回归分析。结果磁共振图像处理结果显示,与对照组比较,RA组的左侧额下回岛盖、额上回、额中回下部,右侧中央前回、海马旁回、皮层厚度明显的减低(P<0.05);右侧中央后回皮层表面积明显减低(P<0.05)。RA组MoCA及MMSE总分,视空间执行功能、注意、语言、延迟回忆、定向功能得分较对照组明显降低(P<0.05);控制年龄、受教育程度、病程后,经多元逐步回归,RA患者海马旁回皮层厚度与延迟回忆、定向功能评分,右侧中央前回皮层厚度与MoCA总分及语言、视空间执行功能等评分均呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论 RA患者多个脑区的皮层厚度变薄,表面积减少,认知功能存在受损,部分皮层厚度的改变与RA患者认知功能损害有关。 | 王尧 左智炜 石颖 邹庆华 方勇飞 黎海涛 | 2018 | 第三军医大学学报2018，40，5： | 5 |
| 5 | Structural Asymmetry of Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex Correlates with Depressive Symptoms: Evidence from Healthy Individuals and Patients with Major Depressive Disorder显示文摘In this study,we investigated the role of structural asymmetry of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC) in the continuum of depression from healthy individuals to patients.Structural magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 70 patients with major depressive disorder(MDD),49 matched controls,and 349 healthy university students to calculate structural asymmetry indexes of the DLPFC.First-episode,treatment-naive MDD patients showed a relatively lower asymmetry index than healthy controls,and their asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms.This abnormality was normalized by antidepressants in medicated MDD patients.Furthermore,the asymmetry index was negatively correlated with the depressive symptoms in university students;this was replicated at two time points in a subgroup of students,suggesting good test–retest reliability.Our findings are consistent with previous studiesthat support the imbalance hypothesis of MDD and suggest a potential structural basis underlying the functional asymmetry of the DLPFC in depression.In future,the structural index of the DLPFC may become a potential biomarker to evaluate individuals' risk for the onset of MDD. | Wei Liu Yu Mao Dongtao Wei Junyi Yang Xue Du Peng Xie Jiang Qiu | 2016 | Neuroscience Bulletin2016，32，3： | 4 |
| 6 | Non-invasive Brain Stimulation for the Treatment of Nicotine Addiction:Potential and Challenges显示文摘Tobacco consumption is one of the leading causes of preventable death worldwide.However,it is difficult to give up smoking by relying on the help of traditional treatments only.Recent years have witnessed emerging positive evidence that non-invasive brain stimulation(NIBS),such as transcranial magnetic stimulation and transcranial direct-current stimulation,can reduce smoking-related behaviors.Although their potential has been implied by advances in research,several methodological issues restrict the clinical application of NIBS to treating nicotine dependence.In this review,we critically evaluate related studies and give suggestions for future research and applications to meet these challenges. | Li-Zhuang Yang Zhiyu Yang Xiaochu Zhang | 2016 | Neuroscience Bulletin2016，32，6： | 3 |
| 7 | A Longitudinal Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Study of Working Memory in Patients Following a Transient Ischemic Attack: A Preliminary Study显示文摘In this study, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI) to investigate longitudinal changes in brain activation during a verbal working memory(VWM) task performed by patients who had experienced a transient ischemic attack(TIA). Twenty-five first-ever TIA patients without visible lesions in conventional MRI and 25 healthy volunteers were enrolled. VWM task-related fMRI was conducted 1 week and 3 months post-TIA. The brain activity evoked by the task and changes over time were assessed. We found that, compared with controls, patients exhibited an increased activation in the bilateral inferior frontal gyrus(IFG), right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex(DLPFC), insula, inferior parietal lobe(IPL), and cerebellum during the task performed 1 week post-TIA. But only the right IFG still exhibited an increased activation at 3 months post-TIA. A direct comparison of fMRI data between 1 week and 3 months post-TIA showed greater activation in the bilateral middle temporal gyrus, right DLPFC, IPL, cerebellum, and left IFG in patients at 1 week post-TIA. We conclude that brain activity patterns induced by a VWM task remain dynamic for a period of time after a TIA, despite the cessation of clinical symptoms. Normalization of the VWM activation pattern may be progressively achieved after transient episodes of ischemia in TIA patients. | Wei Su Jian Guo Yun Zhang Jie Zhou Ning Chen Muke Zhou Rong Li Huafu Chen Li He | 2018 | Neuroscience Bulletin2018，34，6： | 3 |
| 8 | 重复经颅磁刺激治疗非痴呆性血管性认知障碍的Meta分析显示文摘目的:对重复经颅磁刺激治疗非痴呆性血管性认知障碍(VCIND)的疗效进行Meta分析。方法:计算机检索PubMed、EMbase、Cochrane library、CNKI、VIP、CBM和万方数据库中关于重复经颅磁刺激改善非痴呆性血管性认知障碍的随机对照试验(RCT),同时追溯纳入文献的参考文献。检索时限均为从建库至2017年8月。由2名评价员按照纳入与排除标准独立进行文献筛选、资料提取和质量评价后,采用RevMan 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果:共纳入6个RCT,246例患者(试验组n=123,对照组n=123)。Meta分析结果显示,与对照组相比,低频rTMS治疗能够改善VCIND患者的总体认知功能[SMD=1.15,95%CI(0.59,1.71),P=0.000 1],缩短了P300潜伏期[SMD=-7.68,95%CI(-11.66,-3.71),P=0.000 1],提高了MBI评分[SMD=0.53,95%CI(0.05,1),P=0.03]。结论:低频rTMS可在一定程度上改善VCIND患者的认知功能,提高患者的自我生活能力。 | 陈卓 李颖 郝赤子 廖维靖 | 2018 | 武汉大学学报(医学版)2018，39，2： | 2 |
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