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| 1 | 盐胁迫对砂蓝刺头不同器官中离子分布的影响显示文摘砂蓝刺头为广泛分布于北方沙漠的一年生草本植物。本研究以砂蓝刺头幼苗为试材,采用营养液培养法研究了不同浓度NaCl胁迫下(盐浓度分别为0,100,200,300,400mmol/L)砂蓝刺头幼苗胁迫6d后植株含水量变化,测定不同器官中Na+、Cl-、Si 4+、K+、Ca2+的含量,并分析了K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+、Si 4+/Na+值的变化。研究结果表明,盐胁迫下,砂蓝刺头幼苗含水量在盐处理浓度为100,200,300,400 mmol/L时分别比对照升高了9.86%,1.41%,4.23%,8.45%,说明盐胁迫下植株提高了组织含水量,这将在一定程度上稀释了体内盐离子,减弱盐胁迫造成的生理干旱。盐胁迫下砂蓝刺头根部的Na+和Cl-含量高于叶片,这有利于渗透调节,同时减弱了盐胁迫对地上部的毒害;根系Si 4+、K+、Ca2+的含量及K+/Na+、Ca2+/Na+、Si 4+/Na+值比对照显著性下降,叶部Si 4+、K+的含量和K+/Na+,Ca2+/Na+,Si 4+/Na+值比对照有所增加或差异不显著,这有利于维持地上部分离子稳定。分析离子选择性吸收的SNa+,K+数据发现,盐胁迫下砂蓝刺头根部拦截了部分Na+减缓了对地上部分的伤害,叶片对K+吸收具有很好的选择性,对于维持地上部分离子平衡和正常的光合作用具有重要意义。 | 杨小菊 赵昕 石勇 李新荣 | 2013 | 草业学报2013，22，4： | 17 |
| 2 | 干旱区艾比湖湿地土壤呼吸的空间异质性显示文摘利用LI-8100土壤呼吸测定系统连续一年测定艾比湖湿地3个典型生态系统土壤呼吸,定量研究其与0~50orll土壤有机碳的关系,在此基础上估算艾比湖湿地97个点的土壤呼吸速率,进一步采用传统和地统计学的方法对土壤呼吸及环境因子的空间异质性进行分析。结果表明:土壤呼吸速率在0.342~10.848μmol·m-2.s-1之间,平均值为1.109μmol·m-2.s-1,变异系数为167.37%,属强变异;高斯模型能较好地反映土壤呼吸和0~50cm土壤有机碳的空间结构特征;土壤呼吸、土壤有机碳和土壤含水量的c。/(C0+C)均在0%~0.1%之间,反映了土壤呼吸、土壤有机碳和土壤含水量在此研究尺度上具有强烈的空间异质性,且结构性因子影响其空间变异。用Kriging插值法绘制的土壤呼吸空间分布图表明土壤呼吸在空间分布上存在着高度的空间自相关性,在研究区大尺度长时间范围内,土壤有机碳是影响土壤呼吸空间分布的主要因子。总体上,艾比湖湿地自然保护区土壤呼吸呈现东南、西北方向高,中部低的特点,且具有明显的斑块和连续分布的特点。 | 秦璐 吕光辉 张雪妮 何学敏 王合玲 | 2014 | 干旱区地理2014，37，4： | 17 |
| 3 | 青海湖流域小泊湖湿地植物种间关系研究显示文摘应用X2检验、Pearson相关分析和Spearman秩相关分析对青海湖流域典型湿地小泊湖的19个优势种进行种间关系分析,并结合聚类分析结果对它们进行生态种组的划分。结果表明:Spearman秩相关分析结果优于X2检验和Pearson相关分析;小泊湖湿地优势种群间大多表现为无关联,显著和极显著相关的种对数量较少,共占总种对数量的11.7%,物种趋向于独立分布。根据分析结果将19个优势物种划分为海韭菜—华扁穗生态种组、嵩草生态种组和禾叶嵩草生态种组。 | 程雷星 陈克龙 杨仕兵 苏旭 王记明 | 2014 | 干旱区地理2014，37，5： | 12 |
| 4 | Effects of grazing on net primary productivity,evapotranspiration and water use efficiency in the grasslands of Xinjiang,China显示文摘Grazing is a main human activity in the grasslands of Xinjiang, China. It is vital to identify the effects of grazing on the sustainable utilization of local grasslands. However, the effects of grazing on net primary productivity(NPP), evapotranspiration(ET) and water use efficiency(WUE) in this region remain unclear. Using the spatial Biome-BGC grazing model, we explored the effects of grazing on NPP, ET and WUE across the different regions and grassland types in Xinjiang during 1979–2012. NPP, ET and WUE under the grazed scenario were generally lower than those under the ungrazed scenario, and the differences showed increasing trends over time. The decreases in NPP, ET and WUE varied significantly among the regions and grassland types. NPP decreased as follows: among the regions, Northern Xinjiang(16.60 g C/(m^2·a)), Tianshan Mountains(15.94 g C/(m^2·a)) and Southern Xinjiang(-3.54 g C/(m^2·a)); and among the grassland types, typical grasslands(25.70 g C/(m^2·a)), swamp meadows(25.26 g C/(m^2·a)), mid-mountain meadows(23.39 g C/(m^2·a)), alpine meadows(6.33 g C/(m^2·a)), desert grasslands(5.82 g C/(m^2·a)) and saline meadows(2.90 g C/(m^2·a)). ET decreased as follows: among the regions, Tianshan Mountains(28.95 mm/a), Northern Xinjiang(8.11 mm/a) and Southern Xinjiang(7.57 mm/a); and among the grassland types, mid-mountain meadows(29.30 mm/a), swamp meadows(25.07 mm/a), typical grasslands(24.56 mm/a), alpine meadows(20.69 mm/a), desert grasslands(11.06 mm/a) and saline meadows(3.44 mm/a). WUE decreased as follows: among the regions, Northern Xinjiang(0.053 g C/kg H_2O), Tianshan Mountains(0.034 g C/kg H_2O) and Southern Xinjiang(0.012 g C/kg H_2O); and among the grassland types, typical grasslands(0.0609 g C/kg H_2O), swamp meadows(0.0548 g C/kg H_2O), mid-mountain meadows(0.0501 g C/kg H_2O), desert grasslands(0.0172 g C/kg H_2O), alpine meadows(0.0121 g C/kg H_2O) and saline meadows(0.0067 g C/kg H_2O). In general, the decreases in NPP and WUE were more significant in the regions with relatively high levels of vegetation growth because of the high grazing intensity in these regions. The decreases in ET were significant in mountainous areas due to the terrain and high grazing intensity. | HUANG Xiaotao LUO Geping YE Feipeng HAN Qifei | 2018 | Journal of Arid Land2018，10，4： | 9 |
| 5 | 科尔沁沙地生态防护体系防护效应评价显示文摘以科尔沁沙地乌兰敖都村为研究对象,通过对研究区6类主要土地利用类型的6项评价指标建立层次结构模型,运用层次分析法(AHP法),对研究区6类土地利用类型生态防护体系防护效应进行科学评价。防护效应得分情况为:乔木林地0.263、灌木林地0.170、草场0.206、固定沙丘0.169、半固定沙丘0.103和流动沙丘0.088,以不同土地利用类型占全区总面积的比例为权重,计算研究区生态防护体系防护效应总体得分为0.133,仅为乔木林地生态防护体系防护效应得分的50.6%,通过绿化造林和防风固沙等措施,研究区相对防护效应理论上可提高至67.2%。而受气候、土壤和人类干扰等多种因素影响,科尔沁沙地生态防护体系防护效应仍处于较低水平。面临生态环境建设与国家政策和地区经济发展之间的矛盾,提高沙地防护体系防护效应是长期而艰巨的任务。 | 周全来 杨弘 蒋德明 阿拉木萨 李雪华 押田敏雄 | 2013 | 生态学杂志2013，32，3： | 7 |
| 6 | 西藏工布自然保护区高山松林土壤种子库空间分布动态特征显示文摘[目的]旨在深入了解高山松林的土壤种子库现状,为高山松林的保护及合理经营提供科学依据。[方法]本研究以工布自然保护区不同地点的高山松林为研究对象,采用野外调查采样和室内试验分析相结合的方法,对高山松林土壤种子库的空间分布格局进行系统的研究。[结果](1)不同时期各样点高山松林土壤种子库的种子密度总体上在东、南、西、北四个水平方向上差异不显著(P>0.05),但随着取样时间的变化,东久样点各时期高山松林土壤种子库的种子密度呈递减趋势,而林芝样点和比日神山样点随着取样时间的改变,其各时期高山松林土壤种子库的种子密度先增加后减少。(2)随着与母树水平距离的增加,种子密度逐渐变小,即1 m>3 m>5 m,呈现出明显的近母树分布趋势。不同时期各样点高山松林土壤种子库密度均表现为:比日神山>林芝>东久。(3)随着土壤深度的增加,种子数量逐渐减少,枯落物层和0~2 cm土层分布了总量89%以上的种子。(4)总体上,高山松林的土壤种子库种子密度随海拔的升高而增大;但从东久和林芝样点分开看,各山体均表现为:山腰<山顶及山脚,即呈'V'字型。(5)土壤种子库中被虫蛀的种子数量最多,占种子总量的35%以上,随着采样时间的变化,霉变种子数量逐渐增加,完好种子比例降低,有活力种子的数量极少,仅占种子总量的1.43%,且73.38%的有活力种子储存在枯落物中。[结论]高山松林土壤种子库在不同时期各样点不同方位分布无明显差异,而在距母树不同距离和不同土壤深度有明显分布规律,主要是由种子自身特性和外界风等因素的共同影响而形成的,且随着采样时间的变化,霉变种子数量增多,主要与工布自然保护区高湿多雨的气候有关。 | 高郯 李照青 卢杰 李江荣 郑维列 | 2021 | 林业科学研究2021，34，2： | 5 |
| 7 | Seasonal changes in the relationship between species richness and community biomass in grassland under grazing and exclosure, Horqin Sandy Land, northern China显示文摘How species diversity-productivity relationships respond to temporal dynamics and land use is still not clear in semi-arid grassland ecosystems. We analyzed seasonal changes of the relationships between vegetation cover, plant density, species richness, and above-ground biomass in grasslands under grazing and exclosure in the Horqin Sandy Land of northern China. Our results showed that in grazed and fenced grassland, vegetation cover, richness, and biomass were lower in April than in August, whereas plant density showed a reverse trend. Vegetation cover during the growing season and biomass in June and August were higher in fenced grassland than in grazed grassland, whereas plant density in April and June was lower in fenced grassland than in grazed grassland. A negative relationship between species richness and biomass was found in August in fenced grassland, and in grazed grassland the relationship between plant density and biomass changed from positive in April to negative in August. The relationship between the density of the dominant plant species and the total biomass also varied with seasonal changes and land use (grazing and exclosure). These results suggest that long-term grazing, seasonal changes, and their interaction significantly influence vegetation cover, plant density, and biomass in grasslands. Plant species competition in fenced grassland results in seasonal changes of the relationship between species richness and biomass. Long-term grazing also affects seasonal changes of the density and biomass of dominant plant species, which further affects the seasonal relationship between plant density and biomass in grasslands. Our study demonstrates the importance of temporal dynamics and land use in understanding the relationship between species richness and ecosystem function. | XiaoAn Zuo XueYong Zhao TongHui Zhang ShaoKun Wang YaYong Luo Xin Zhou | 2013 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2013，5，2： | 2 |
| 8 | Ground-active arthropod responses to rainfall-induced dune microhabitats in a desertified steppe ecosystem,China显示文摘Different microhabitats along dune slope were found to affect the distribution of plant performances and soil properties in desertified ecosystems.However,the ground-active arthropod responses to rainfall-induced dune microhabitats were largely unknown in desertified regions.At dune top,midslope and bottom,ground-active arthropods were sampled by the method of pitfall traps in addition to the herbaceous and soil measurements during spring,summer and autumn from 2012 to 2013.Ground-active arthropod had a strong dynamics in time,seasonally and yearly in responses to rainfall-induced dune microhabitats and the variations were significant higher than those of soil and herbaceous properties.The abundance distribution of dominant taxa(i.e.Melolonthidae,Carabidae,Glaphyridae,Tenebrionidae and Formicidae families)among dune microhabitats was similar between seasons within the same year,whereas they differed markedly between two sampling years with varying rainfall patterns.A significant(P<0.05)difference in total abundance,taxa richness and Shannon index among dune microhabitats was found only in certain season time,particularly in 2013;however,no significant(P>0.05)differences were found among dune microhabitats when averaged on three sampling seasons within the year of either 2012 or 2013.In all,the taxonomical structure differed considerably from the community structure in ground-active arthropod response to rainfall-induced dune microhabitats.The spatial distribution of taxonomical groups among dune microhabitats was significantly affected by inter-annual rainfall changes,whereas that of community structure was affected by both intra-and inter-annual rainfall changes in desertified ecosystems. | LIU Rentao ZHU Fan Yosef STEINBERGER | 2016 | Journal of Arid Land2016，8，4： | 2 |
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