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| 1 | Gut microbiota role in irritable bowel syndrome:Newtherapeutic strategies显示文摘In the last decade the impressive expansion of our knowledge of the vast microbial community that resides in the human intestine, the gut microbiota, has provided support to the concept that a disturbed intestinal ecology might promote development and maintenance of symptoms in irritable bowel syndrome(IBS). As a correlate, manipulation of gut microbiota represents a new strategy for the treatment of this multifactorial disease. A number of attempts have been made to modulate the gut bacterial composition, following the idea that expansion of bacterial species considered as beneficial(Lactobacilli and Bifidobacteria) associated with the reduction of those considered harmful(Clostridium, Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella and Pseudomonas) should attenuate IBS symptoms. In this conceptual framework, probiotics appear an attractive option in terms of both efficacy and safety, while prebiotics, synbiotics and antibiotics still need confirmation. Fecal transplant is an old treatment translated from the cure of intestinal infective pathologies that has recently gained a new life as therapeutic option for those patients with a disturbed gut ecosystem, but data on IBS are scanty and randomized, placebo-controlled studies are required. | Eleonora Distrutti Lorenzo Monaldi Patrizia Ricci Stefano Fiorucci | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，7： | 60 |
| 2 | 肠易激综合征相关致病因素及发病机制研究进展显示文摘肠易激综合征(IBS)是一种以腹痛或腹部不适伴有大便性状及排便习惯改变为主要症状的肠道功能性疾病。诊断主要依靠罗马Ⅲ诊断标准,且需除外肠道器质性疾病。目前IBS的发病机制尚不明确,相关研究表明其发病可能与遗传、性别、胃肠道运动障碍、内脏高敏感性、脑肠轴调节异常、肠道感染、肠道菌群失调、饮食及社会心理等因素有关。本文就其可能致病因素及发病机制的最新研究进展作一综述。 | 李海龙 任维 李彦敏 袁芳 姚树坤 | 2017 | 医学与哲学(B)2017，38，2： | 46 |
| 3 | 双歧杆菌四联活菌片治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征患者的疗效及对血清脑肠肽水平的影响显示文摘目的探讨双歧杆菌四联活菌片治疗腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)患者的疗效及对血清脑肠肽水平的影响。方法选择82例治疗中的IBS-D患者,随机分为观察组(n=41例)和对照组(n=41例)。两组患者均予以饮食调整、消化道解痉药和止泻药等基础治疗。观察组患者口服双歧杆菌四联活菌片1.5g/次,3次/d,连用8周。对照组患者除不使用双歧杆菌四联活菌片外其余处理同观察组。观察并记录两组患者治疗后疗效及不良反应,并比较治疗前后血管活性肠肽(VIP)和P物质(SP)水平的变化。结果观察组与对照组治疗期间分别失访2例和4例,两组失访率比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.18,P>0.05)。治疗8周后,观察组临床总有效率为92.31%,较对照组的75.68%更佳(χ~2=3.95,P<0.05);同时两组血清VIP水平较治疗前明显上升,SP水平较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05或P<0.01),且观察组上升或下降幅度较对照组更明显(P<0.05)。对照组和观察组治疗中分别出现不良反应3例和5例,症状较轻,两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.09,P>0.05)。结论双歧杆菌四联活菌片在IBS-D治疗中的应用效果较好,能较快并能持久缓解其症状,且安全性较好,其作用机制与其升高血清VIP水平,降低血清SP水平,纠正血清脑肠肽水平异常密切相关。 | 傅丽霞 | 2017 | 中国微生态学杂志2017，29，2： | 36 |
| 4 | Intestinal microbiota in pathophysiology and management of irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is a functional bowel disorder without any structural or metabolic abnormalities that sufficiently explain the symptoms, which include abdominal pain and discomfort, and bowel habit changes such as diarrhea and constipation. Its pathogenesis is multifactorial: visceral hypersensitivity, dysmotility, psychosocial factors, genetic or environmental factors, dysregulation of the brain-gut axis, and altered intestinal microbiota have all been proposed as possible causes. The human intestinal microbiota are composed of more than 1000 different bacterial species and 1014 cells, and are essential for the development, function, and homeostasis of the intestine, and for individual health. The putative mechanisms that explain the role of microbiota in the development of IBS include altered composition or metabolic activity of the microbiota, mucosal immune activation and inflammation, increased intestinal permeability and impaired mucosal barrier function, sensory-motor disturbances provoked by the microbiota, and a disturbed gut-microbiota-brain axis. Therefore, modulation of the intestinal microbiota through dietary changes, and use of antibiotics, probiotics, and anti-inflammatory agents has been suggested as strategies for managing IBS symptoms. This review summarizes and discusses the accumulating evidence that intestinal microbiota play a role in the pathophysiology and management of IBS. | Kang Nyeong Lee Oh Young Lee | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，27： | 35 |
| 5 | Intestinal microbiota in health and disease: Role of bifidobacteria in gut homeostasis显示文摘The pool of microbes inhabiting our body is known as 'microbiota' and their collective genomes as 'microbiome'. The colon is the most densely populated organ in the human body, although other parts, such as the skin, vaginal mucosa, or respiratory tract, also harbour specific microbiota. This microbial community regulates some important metabolic and physiological functions of the host, and drives the maturation of the immune system in early life, contributing to its homeostasis during life. Alterations of the intestinal microbiota can occur by changes in composition(dysbiosis), function, or microbiota-host interactions and they can be directly correlated with several diseases. The only disease in which a clear causal role of a dysbiotic microbiota has been demonstrated is the case of Clostridium difficile infections. Nonetheless, alterations in composition and function of the microbiota have been associated with several gastrointestinal diseases(inflammatory bowel disease, colorectal cancer, or irritable bowel syndrome), as well as extra-intestinal pathologies, such as those affecting the liver, or the respiratory tract(e.g., allergy, bronchial asthma, and cystic fibrosis), among others. Species of Bifidobacterium genus are the normal inhabitants of a healthy human gut and alterations in number and composition of their populations is one of the most frequent features present in these diseases. The use of probiotics, including bifidobacteria strains, in preventive medicine to maintain a healthy intestinal function is well documented. Probiotics are also proposed as therapeutic agents for gastrointestinal disorders and other pathologies. The World Gastroenterology Organization recently published potential clinical applications for several probiotic formulations, in which species of lactobacilli are predominant. This review is focused on probiotic preparations containing Bifidobacterium strains, alone or in combination with other bacteria, which have been tested in human clinical studies. In spite of extensive literature on and research into this topic, the degree of scientific evidence of the effectiveness of probiotics is still insufficient in most cases. More effort need to be made to design and conduct accurate human studies demonstrating the efficacy of probiotics in the prevention, alleviation, or treatment of different pathologies. | Rafael Tojo Adolfo Suárez Marta G Clemente Clara G de los Reyes-Gavilán Abelardo Margolles Miguel Gueimonde Patricia Ruas-Madiedo | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，41： | 33 |
| 6 | 双歧三联活菌胶囊对腹泻型肠易激综合征患者肠道菌群的影响及疗效观察显示文摘目的探讨双歧三联活菌胶囊对腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)患者肠道菌群的影响及疗效观察。方法将IBS-D患者70例随机分为观察组和对照组。两组患者均予以调整饮食、胃肠解痉药和止泻药等常规治疗。观察组患者予以口服双歧杆菌三联活菌胶囊420 mg,3次/d,温开水送服,连用4周。观察两组患者治疗前后肠道菌群的变化,并比较其临床疗效。结果治疗4周后,观察组患者双歧杆菌、乳酸杆菌数量较前增加,肠杆菌、肠球菌、酵母菌数量较前减少(P<0.05),但对照组治疗前后无明显变化(P>0.05);同时观察组患者临床总有效率(94.29%)明显优于对照组(74.29%)(χ2=5.29,P<0.05)。结论双歧三联活菌胶囊治疗IBS-D疗效较好,作用于其能调节患者肠道菌群紊乱,重建肠道微生态平衡密切相关。 | 吴银伟 | 2014 | 中国微生态学杂志2014，26，4： | 22 |
| 7 | 肠道菌群与肠易激综合征相关研究进展显示文摘肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)是一种功能性肠病,目前已有研究表明IBS的致病机制、症状的产生和持续时间可能与肠道菌群失调有关,且不同IBS亚型患者体内的肠道菌群种类有差异。IBS的发病机制尚不完全清楚,临床表现存在较大的个体差异。IBS的诊断和治疗尚未形成统一的标准。但已经有较多研究提示IBS可能与胃肠道动力、内脏高敏感性、肠道免疫反应和模式识别受体等密切相关,并且可以通过益生菌、益生元、抗生素、粪菌移植和饮食习惯等调节肠道菌群的失调,从而改善IBS的症状。这也为未来治疗IBS提供了新的思路。本文就肠道菌群的概况、IBS患者肠道菌群的特点、肠道菌群失衡导致IBS发病的可能机制以及IBS肠道菌群的相关治疗方法的研究进展作一综述。 | 何佳璨 周桂荣 李欣欣 宋兆辉 缪兴龙 刘丽芳 何毅 | 2020 | 中国微生态学杂志2020，32，1： | 23 |
| 8 | 肠道菌群与功能性便秘的研究进展显示文摘目的:探讨肠道菌群与功能性便秘的关系,并对其进行评价。结果:肠道菌群失调导致FC发病的机制可能为益生菌减少、肠-脑轴失调;运用益生菌治疗FC的机制可能为改善肠道微环境、缩短结肠传输时间。结论:笔者从正常肠道菌群与FC患者肠道菌群改变出发,说明肠道菌群属于功能性便秘的发病机制之一,并进一步说明其内在机制及益生菌对于FC的作用机制进行系统的回顾及评论,以期为功能性便秘的研究提供帮助。 | 刘炼 刘春强 | 2017 | 辽宁中医杂志2017，44，3： | 20 |
| 9 | Irritable bowel syndrome: A microbiome-gut-brain axis disorder?显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is an extremely prevalent but poorly understood gastrointestinal disorder. Consequently, there are no clear diagnostic markers to help diagnose the disorder and treatment options are limited to management of the symptoms. The concept of a dysregulated gut-brain axis has been adopted as a suitable model for the disorder. The gut microbiome may play an important role in the onset and exacerbation of symptoms in the disorder and has been extensively studied in this context. Although a causal role cannot yet be inferred from the clinical studies which have attempted to characterise the gut microbiota in IBS, they do confirm alterations in both community stability and diversity. Moreover, it has been reliably demonstrated that manipulation of the microbiota can influence the key symptoms, including abdominal pain and bowel habit, and other prominent features of IBS. A variety of strategies have been taken to study these interactions, including probiotics, antibiotics, faecal transplantations and the use of germ-free animals. There are clear mechanisms through which the microbiota can produce these effects, both humoral and neural. Taken together, these findings firmly establish the microbiota as a critical node in the gut-brain axis and one which is amenable to therapeutic interventions. | Paul J Kennedy John F Cryan Timothy G Dinan Gerard Clarke | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，39： | 20 |
| 10 | 分子生物学技术在肠道菌群研究中的进展显示文摘人的肠道中栖息着大量微生物,这些微生物与宿主形成一个相互依赖且相互制约的微生态系统。肠道菌群结构与遗传、饮食、疾病、环境等因素存在千丝万缕的联系,其地位与作用相当于一个后天获得的'器官',对人体的消化、营养吸收、能量供应、脂肪代谢、免疫调节、抗病等诸多方面有不可替代的作用,因此,研究人的肠道菌群具有十分重要的意义和作用。本综述着重论述荧光原位杂交(FISH)、基于聚合酶链式反应的变性梯度凝胶电泳(Polymerase chain reaction denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis,PCR-DGGE)技术、实时荧光定量PCR(Real-time polymerase chain reaction)技术、基因芯片(Gene chip)技术及以焦磷酸测序平台为代表的第二代测序技术等多种分子生物学技术在肠道菌群研究方面的应用,并对未来肠道菌群方面的研究进行展望。 | 黄卫强 张和平 | 2014 | 微生物学通报2014，41，6： | 14 |
| 11 | 双歧三联活菌胶囊联合参苓白术散对腹泻型IBS患者血浆SS和NPY水平影响及疗效观察显示文摘目的探讨双歧三联活菌胶囊联合参苓白术散对腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS)患者血浆生长抑素(SS)和神经肽Y(NPY)水平影响及疗效观察。方法选择64例腹泻型IBS患者,随机分为观察组与对照组。两组患者均予以双歧三联活菌胶囊3粒/次,2次/d。观察组在此治疗基础上加用中药方参苓白术散,1剂/d,两组疗程均为6周。观察并比较治疗前后血浆SS和NPY水平的变化,并分析治疗后临床效果及不良反应。结果治疗6周后,两组患者血浆SS水平较治疗前明显下降(P<0.05和P<0.01),NPY水平较治疗前明显上升(P<0.05和P<0.01),观察组下降或上升幅度明显大于对照组(P<0.05);观察组治疗总有效率高于对照组(χ2=4.27,P<0.05),观察组患者治疗期间发生3例药物不良反应,对照组发生1例,症状均较轻,两组比较差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.27,P>0.05)。结论双歧三联活菌胶囊联合参苓白术散治疗腹泻型IBS效果良好,安全性较好,其机制可能与其降低血浆SS水平,升高血浆NPY水平密切相关。 | 朱创键 | 2015 | 中国微生态学杂志2015，27，5： | 12 |
| 12 | 肠道菌群与肠易激综合征关系的研究进展显示文摘人体内存在数量庞大的肠道菌群,在肠易激综合征(IBS)等多种疾病的发病机制中起着重要的作用。近年来,以宏基因组学为代表的培养非依赖性技术方法为全面准确地分析肠道菌群提供了有力的工具。肠道菌群在IBS发病中的作用已逐渐被阐明,益生菌干预成为调节肠道菌群的重要手段。此文对上述研究进展作一综述。 | 周晓艳 李铭 李延青 | 2014 | 国际消化病杂志2014，34，4： | 10 |
| 13 | Methodological issues in the study of intestinal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) is an intestinal functional disorder with the highest prevalence in the industrialized world. The intestinal microbiota(IM) plays a role in the pathogenesis of IBS and is not merely a consequence of this disorder. Previous research efforts have not revealed unequivocal microbiological signatures of IBS, and the experimental results are contradictory. The experimental methodologies adopted to investigate the complex intestinal ecosystem drastically impact the quality and significance of the results. Therefore, to consider the methodological aspects of the research on IM in IBS, we reviewed 29 relevant original research articles identified through a PubMed search using three combinations of keywords: 'irritable bowel syndrome + microflora', 'irritable bowel syndrome + microbiota' and 'irritable bowel syndrome + microbiome'. For each study, we reviewed the quality and significance of the scientific evidence obtained with respect to the experimental method adopted. The data obtained from each study were compared with all considered publications to identify potential inconsistencies and explain contradictory results. The analytical revision of the studies referenced in the present review has contributed to the identification of microbial groups whose relative abundance significantly alters IBS, suggesting that these microbial groups could be IM signatures for this syndrome. The identification of microbial biomarkers in the IM can be advantageous for the development of new diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic strategies for the treatment of different subtypes of IBS. | Valentina Taverniti Simone Guglielmetti | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，27： | 10 |
| 14 | 胆汁酸-肠道菌群与腹泻型肠易激综合征的研究进展显示文摘肠易激综合征(IBS)是最常见的功能性肠病,其中腹泻型肠易激综合征(IBS-D)为我国最常见的IBS分型。IBS致病原因众多,其中胆汁酸代谢异常及肠道菌群紊乱为主要的致病因素。IBS-D患者存在胆汁酸代谢异常及肠道菌群紊乱。肠道菌群在胆汁酸合成调控中十分关键,肠道菌群紊乱可能会导致胆汁酸代谢异常。胆汁酸通路(FXR)激动剂可通过调控受体胆汁酸代谢及肠道菌群而缓解IBS-D症状。该文就胆汁酸-肠道菌群与IBS-D的相互作用及其作用机制进行综述。 | 李进鹏 刘真真 申高飞 朱飞 郑君仪 黄蕊 | 2021 | 解放军医学杂志2021，46，12： | 8 |
| 15 | 白族成年人肠道菌群多样性研究显示文摘【目的】通过研究云南白族成年人肠道菌群群落结构,探索肠道菌群结构与云南白族人健康长寿的相互关系。【方法】以43份采自云南省昆明市(Urban)和大理白族自治州洱源县农村(Rural)成年白族志愿者的粪便样品为研究对象,通过种属特异性聚合酶链式反应(定性PCR)和基于聚合酶链式反应的变性梯度凝胶电泳(PCR-DGGE)对其中的优势菌群进行了分析,并测定样品中短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)含量。【结果】短链脂肪酸(SCFAs)含量测定结果显示,Rural和Urban志愿者的短链脂肪酸含量差异不显著;定性PCR结果显示Rural志愿者肠道内的乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属的多样性明显区别于Urban志愿者;依据泳道轨迹光密度的不同对16S r RNA基因V3区PCR-DGGE图谱进行基于非加权平均距离聚类分析(Unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means,UPGMA),显示两组样品按照组别明显地聚为两簇,多样性指数分析也呈现Rural志愿者肠道菌群多样性大于Urban的趋势;进一步对Rural谱带回收克隆测序,并构建系统发育树图,结果显示样品中双歧杆菌属、肠杆菌属和肠球菌属具有较高的多样性,是Rural健康成年志愿者肠道中的优势菌群。【结论】综合上述分析,昆明城市志愿者和大理白族自治州洱源县农村志愿者肠道菌群群落结构呈现区分趋势,多样性差异不显著。该研究为后续探索宿主肠道菌群与健康长寿的相互关系提供了数据基础。 | 黄卫强 张家超 郑艺 乔健敏 张和平 | 2015 | 微生物学通报2015，42，3： | 7 |
| 16 | 小肠菌群与肠道及代谢性疾病显示文摘肠道菌群对人类健康与疾病有重要作用.结肠菌群因丰度高且标本易于获取而研究较为深入.小肠是营养物质消化、吸收的主要场所,聚居在其中的微生物也具有不容忽视的功能.但因小肠菌群标本难以获取而不易研究.近年来,有研究表明,小肠菌群参与机体调节能量存储、肠内分泌、促进肠道免疫系统发育等,小肠菌群与结肠菌群存在明显差异.小肠菌群已越来越受研究者关注,本文就小肠菌群与相关疾病关系研究进展进行综述. | 秦会平 王学红 | 2016 | 世界华人消化杂志2016，24，3： | 7 |
| 17 | 基础研究在慢性便秘临床疗效提高中的推进作用显示文摘慢性便秘发病率逐年增高,但对患者健康的影响往往被低估。慢性顽固性便秘临床诊治较棘手,与其临床表现的多样性、发病机制不明有关。基础研究有望在未来明确顽固性便秘的病理生理机制.以提出终极解决方案的途径,提高临床疗效。目前较受关注的基础研究方向包括肠神经系统(如肠神经细胞、肠神经递质、肠道感觉神经调控机制等相关研究)、肠道平滑肌细胞、Cajal间质细胞和骶神经调节术以及肠道微生态相关研究。目前基础研究仍然很初步,但已经为临床新药开发和新技术应用奠定了基础。 | 王李 童卫东 | 2017 | 中华胃肠外科杂志2017，20，12： | 7 |
| 18 | 双歧杆菌与肠易激综合征的研究进展显示文摘肠易激综合征(irritable bowel syndrome,IBS)通常由肠道功能异常引发,是一种常见的功能性肠胃道紊乱疾病,其发病机制目前尚不清楚.IBS一般不会威胁患者的生命安全,但会严重干扰患者的日常生活.目前,随着高通量测序技术的发展,大量研究发现肠道菌失衡,特别是双歧杆菌失衡,在IBS的发生发展中具有重要作用.双歧杆菌能够抵抗肠道病原菌的定植和入侵、增强肠道上皮的屏障作用,其代谢产物还能够增强肠道的防御作用.在IBS患者肠道内,双歧杆菌通常明显减少,这提示增加肠道双歧杆菌数量可能在治疗IBS中具有积极作用.本文综述了双歧杆菌与IBS的关系,探讨了双歧杆菌在辅助治疗IBS的作用,以期为后续研究奠定基础. | 吴彬彬 杨莉丽 梁岩 | 2016 | 世界华人消化杂志2016，24，2： | 6 |
| 19 | 双歧杆菌四联活菌片对肠易激综合征患者血清白介素-8和肿瘤坏死因子-α水平的影响及疗效观察显示文摘目的:探讨双歧杆菌四联活菌片对肠易激综合征(IBS)患者血清白介素-8(IL-8)和肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)水平的影响及疗效。方法:84例IBS患者随机分为观察组和对照组各42例。两组患者均予以调整饮食、胃肠解痉药和止泻药等常规治疗。在此基础上观察组患者加用双歧杆菌四联活菌片1.5 g,po tid。8周后观察两组患者治疗前后血清IL-8和TNF-α水平变化,比较两组临床疗效和药品不良反应。结果:治疗8周后,两组患者血清IL-8和TNF-α水平均较前下降(P<0.05或0.01),且观察组下降幅度明显大于对照组(P<0.05);观察组患者临床总有效率为92.86%,明显高于对照组的76.19%(P<0.05);两组不良反应发生率比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:双歧杆菌四联活菌片治疗IBS具有较好的临床疗效,安全性好,作用机制与其能抑制IL-8和TNF-α的表达,降低血清IL-8和TNF-α水平,减轻局部炎症反应密切相关。 | 王友多 陈华 | 2014 | 药物流行病学杂志2014，23，6： | 6 |
| 20 | 肠易激综合征与肠道菌群显示文摘人体肠道是一个庞大而复杂的以专性厌氧菌为主的微生态系统,约400种细菌定植在肠道内,仅类杆菌和双歧杆菌就占细菌总数的90%以上。肠道菌群根据定植部位的不同可进一步分为肠腔菌群和黏膜菌群两类,肠腔菌群占主要部分,参与对肠道食物的分解消化过程。黏膜菌群则形成肠黏膜屏障,调节肠道免疫状态。在健康状况良好的情况下,机体与正常菌群之间保持着生态平衡,各微生物之间维持着稳定的比例,并作为机体的屏障,拮抗外来致病微生物的入侵。一旦这种平衡受到破坏,机体就会容易发生变化而导致肠道疾病的出现。 | 于岩波 李延青 | 2011 | 临床消化病杂志2011，23，2： | 5 |
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