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| 1 | 全球气候变化对陆地植物碳氮磷生态化学计量学特征的影响显示文摘全球气候变化背景下生物地球化学循环的响应规律和陆地植物适应对策已受到广泛关注.本文在分析气候变暖和降水变化对不同生态系统植物C∶N∶P的影响、CO2浓度升高对不同光合途径物种元素的影响,以及氮沉降对土壤-植物元素影响的短期和长期效应等基础上,从植物生理特性和土壤有效营养元素变化等方面揭示了其可能存在的内在机理,以期为研究C、N、P化学元素在土壤-植物之间传递与调节机制、陆地生态系统结构和功能,以及生物地球化学元素循环对气候变化的响应提供理论依据.最后提出了该领域研究中存在的问题及对今后研究的展望. | 洪江涛 吴建波 王小丹 | 2013 | 应用生态学报2013，24，9： | 82 |
| 2 | 短期CO_2浓度升高和干旱胁迫对白羊草土壤碳氮和微生物根际效应的影响显示文摘采用人工气候室和盆栽控水试验研究黄土丘陵区典型草本植物白羊草在倍增CO_2浓度(800μmol·mol^(-1))下和充分供水(75%~80%的田间持水量)、轻度干旱胁迫(55%~60%的田间持水量)和重度干旱胁迫(35%~40%的田间持水量)下根际和非根际土壤碳氮含量和微生物群落结构及其根际效应.结果表明:CO_2浓度升高和干旱胁迫对白羊草根际和非根际土壤有机碳、全氮和水溶性有机碳(DOC)含量及其根际效应均无显著影响.轻度干旱胁迫下CO_2浓度升高显著促进了根际土壤水溶性有机氮(DON)的消耗,导致DOC/DON升高,提高了DON的负根际效应和DOC/DON的正根际效应.干旱胁迫和CO_2浓度升高对土壤总磷脂脂肪酸(总PLFA)和细菌PLFA的根际效应无显著影响.CO_2浓度升高条件下干旱胁迫显著提高了根际土壤G^+/G^-PLFA,降低了非根际土壤G^+/G^-PLFA,导致其根际效应显著提高,表明根际微生物群落由自养微生物群落向异养微生物群落的转变. | 肖列 刘国彬 李鹏 薛萐 | 2017 | 应用生态学报2017，28，10： | 10 |
| 3 | Effects of Elevated CO_2 and Drought on Plant Physiology, Soil Carbon and Soil Enzyme Activities显示文摘Global climate models have indicated high probability of drought occurrences in the coming future decades due to the impacts of climate change caused by a mass release of CO_2. Thus, climate change regarding elevated ambient CO_2 and drought may consequently affect the growth of crops. In this study, plant physiology, soil carbon, and soil enzyme activities were measured to investigate the impacts of elevated CO_2 and drought stress on a Stagnic Anthrosol planted with soybean(Glycine max). Treatments of two CO_2 levels, three soil moisture levels, and two soil cover types were established. The results indicated that elevated CO_2 and drought stress significantly affected plant physiology. The inhibition of plant physiology by drought stress was mediated via prompted photosynthesis and water use efficiency under elevated CO_2 conditions. Elevated CO_2 resulted in a longer retention time of dissolved organic carbon(DOC) in soil, probably by improving the soil water effectiveness for organic decomposition and mineralization. Drought stress significantly decreased C:N ratio and microbial biomass carbon(MBC), but the interactive effects of drought stress and CO_2 on them were not significant. Elevated CO_2 induced an increase in invertase and catalase activities through stimulated plant root exudation.These results suggested that drought stress had significant negative impacts on plant physiology, soil carbon, and soil enzyme activities,whereas elevated CO_2 and plant physiological feedbacks indirectly ameliorated these impacts. | WANG Yuhui YAN Denghua WANG Junfeng DING Yi SONG Xinshan | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，5： | 5 |
| 4 | Effect of Atmospheric CO_2 Enrichment on Soil Respiration in Winter Wheat Growing Seasons of a Rice-Wheat Rotation System显示文摘Studies on the efect of elevated CO2on C dynamics in cultivated croplands are critical to a better understanding of the C cycling in response to climate change in agroecosystems.To evaluate the efects of elevated CO2and diferent N fertilizer application levels on soil respiration,winter wheat(Triticum aestivum L.cv.Yangmai 14)plants were exposed to either ambient CO2or elevated CO2(ambient[CO2]+200μmol mol 1),under N fertilizer application levels of 112.5 and 225 kg N ha 1(as low N and normal N subtreatments,respectively),for two growing seasons(2006–2007 and 2007–2008)in a rice-winter wheat rotation system typical in China.A split-plot design was adopted.A root exclusion method was used to partition soil respiration(RS)into heterotrophic respiration(RH)and autotrophic respiration(RA).Atmospheric CO2enrichment increased seasonal cumulative RS by 11.8%at low N and 5.6%at normal N when averaged over two growing seasons.Elevated CO2significantly enhanced(P<0.05)RS(12.7%),mainly due to the increase in RH(caused by decomposition of larger amounts of rice residue under elevated CO2)during a relative dry season in 2007–2008.Higher N supply also enhanced RS under ambient and elevated CO2.In the 2007–2008 season,normal N treatment had a significant positive efect(P<0.01)on seasonal cumulative RS relative to low N treatment when averaged across CO2levels(16.3%).A significant increase in RA was mainly responsible for the enhanced RS under higher N supply.The correlation(r2)between RH and soil temperature was stronger(P<0.001)than that between RS and soil temperature when averaged across all treatments in both seasons.Seasonal patterns of RA may be more closely related to the plant phenology than soil temperature.The Q10(the multiplier to the respiration rate for a 10 C increase in soil temperature)values of RS and RH were not afected by elevated CO2or higher N supply.These results mainly suggested that the increase in RS at elevated CO2depended on the input of rice residue,and the increase in RS at higher N supply was due to stimulated root growth and concomitant increase in RA during the wheat growing portion of a rice-winter wheat rotation system. | SUN Hui-Feng ZHU Jian-Guo XIE Zu-Bin LIU Gang TANG Hao-Ye | 2013 | Pedosphere2013，23，6： | 4 |
| 5 | 外源碳氮对植物生态化学计量特征的影响研究进展显示文摘为了了解全球二氧化碳(CO_2)浓度升高和人为N沉降加重的环境条件对植物养分状况的影响,笔者分析了森林植物的碳(C)、氮(N)、磷(P)含量以及生态化学计量比对于外源C、N及其交互作用响应的国内外文献数据。结果表明:(1)CO_2浓度升高将提高植物对C的吸收,降低植物N含量,导致植物的C:N在大部分试验中表现为增加趋势,外源C、N对植物P含量的影响结果不一,从而使N:P在不同的试验中结果不同;(2)短期人为N沉降会增加植物的C、N含量,降低P含量,植物的C:N有所降低,而N:P却呈升高趋势;(3)在CO_2和N沉降二者交互作用下,植物N、P含量及其化学计量比的变化可能会出现'中和反应',在不同的试验可能会表现出升高、降低或不变的趋势。CO_2浓度升高和大气N沉降加重呈现出越来越明显的趋势,对生态系统结构和功能的影响也逐渐成为国内外生态学家研究的热点。本研究可为深入探讨外源C、N增加条件下的生态系统养分循环和生态化学计量特征提供参考依据,以便更好地提出CO_2浓度升高和N沉降加重的大气背景下植物生长的应对策略。 | 毛晋花 邢亚娟 王庆贵 | 2018 | 中国农学通报2018，34，5： | 1 |
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