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| 1 | 过去2000年中国气候变化研究的新进展显示文摘回顾过去2000年中国气候变化的研究历史,总结了本领域在最近10年的新成果,并对未来研究动向进行了展望。主要内容包括:代用证据采集、过去2000年温度序列重建与冷暖期辨识、降水及干湿序列重建与变化特征分析、过去千年气候变化模拟与机制诊断、历史气候变化影响分析等。主要进展体现在:加密了中国气候变化代用资料的空间覆盖度,提升了2000年气候变化序列重建、资料分析和影响辨识等研究的定量化程度,深化了对中国过去2000年气候在年代—百年尺度的变化特征及其形成机制与影响的认识。为进一步揭示地球系统的变化规律,特别是更深入认识中国气候的时空变化规律提供了更好的基础。 | 葛全胜 郑景云 郝志新 张学珍 方修琦 王欢 闫军辉 | 2014 | 地理学报2014，69，9： | 101 |
| 2 | Characteristics of decadal-centennial-scale changes in East Asian summer monsoon circulation and precipitation during the Medieval Warm Period and Little Ice Age and in the present day显示文摘Using meteorological observations, proxies of precipitation and temperature, and climate simulation outputs, we synthetically analyzed the regularities of decadal-centennial-scale changes in the summer thermal contrast between land and ocean and summer precipitation over the East Asian monsoon region during the past millennium; compared the basic characteristics of the East Asian summer monsoon (EASM) circulation and precipitation in the present day, the Little Ice Age (LIA) and the Medieval Warm Period (MWP); and explored their links with solar irradiance and global climate change. The results indicate that over the last 150 years, the EASM circulation and precipitation, indicated by the temperature contrast between the East Asian mainland and adjacent oceans, had a significant decadal perturbation and have been weaker during the period of rapid global warming over the past 50 years. On the centennial time scale, the EASM in the MWP was strongest over the past 1000 years. Over the past 1000 years, the EASM was weakest in 1450-1570. When the EASM circulation was weaker, the monsoon rain belt over eastern China was generally located more southward, with there being less precipitation in North China and more precipitation in the Yangtze River valley; therefore, there was an anomalous pattern of southern flood/northern drought. From the 1900s to 1920s, precipitation had a pat- tern opposite to that of the southern flood/northern drought, with there being less precipitation in the Yangtze River valley and more precipitation in North China. Compared with the case for the MWP, there was a longer-time-scale southern flood/northern drought phenomenon in 1400-1600. Moreover, the EASM circulation and precipitation did not synchronously vary with the trend of global temperature. During the last 150 years, although the annual mean surface temperature around the world and in China has increased, the EASM circulation and precipitation did not have strengthening or weakening trends. Over the past 1000 years, the weakest EASM occurred ahead of the lowest Northern Hemispheric temperature and corresponded to the weakest solar irradiance. | ZHOU XiuJi ZHAO Ping LIU Ge ZHOU TianJun | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，28： | 33 |
| 3 | 过去2000年亚洲气候变化(PAGES-Asia2k)集成研究进展及展望显示文摘介绍了国际过去全球变化研究计划(PAGES)过去2000年气候变化研究网络的设立背景、研究目的及亚洲在其中的独特性;总结了过去2000年亚洲气候变化(PAGES-Asia2k)集成研究的主要进展及中国的贡献,分析了当前在亚洲区域开展该项研究的主要问题及难点,并对未来研究进行了展望。亚洲历史悠久,高分辨率的代用资料丰富,是开展过去2000年气候变化研究的理想区域,但目前尚处于起步阶段。已有进展表明:在过去1200年中,亚洲830-1220年相对温暖,1340-1880年明显寒冷,20世纪则快速增暖;但亚洲气候类型多、变化过程复杂、区域差异大。因此,发展气候序列重建的新技术方法,提高重建序列的时、空分辨率、空间覆盖度和重建结果的精度,建立亚洲过去2000年气候代用资料数据库,集成重建过去2000年区域温度变化序列及干湿变化空间型,进而开展区域气候变化驱动机制与气候变化影响及适应研究,是该计划下一步的研究重点。 | 葛全胜 郑景云 郝志新 | 2015 | 地理学报2015，70，3： | 25 |
| 4 | Preliminary multiproxy surface air temperature field reconstruction for China over the past millennium显示文摘We present the first millennial-length gridded field reconstruction of annual temperature for China, and analyze the reconstruction for spatiotemporal changes and associated uncertainties, based on a network of 415 well-distributed and accurately dated climatic proxy series.The new reconstruction method is a modified form of the point-by-point regression (PPR) approach.The main difference is the incorporation of the 'composite plus scale' (CPS) and 'Regularized errors-in-variables' (EIV) algorithms to allow for the assimilation of various types of the proxy data.Furthermore, the search radius is restricted to a grid size; this restriction helps effectively exclude proxy data possibly correlated with temperature but belonging to a different climate region.The results indicate that: 1) the past temperature record in China is spatially heterogenic, with variable correlations between cells in time; 2) the late 20th century warming in China probably exceeds mean temperature levels at any period of the past 1000 years, but the temperature anomalies of some grids in eastern China during the Medieval climate anomaly period are warmer than during the modern warming; 3) the climatic variability in the eastern and western regions of China was not synchronous during much of the last millennium, probably due to the influence of the Tibetan Plateau.Our temperature reconstruction may serve as a reference to test simulation results over the past millennium, and help to finely analyze the spatial characteristics and the driving mechanism of the past temperature variability.However, the lower reconstruction skill scores for some grid points underline that the present set of available proxy data series is not yet sufficient to accurately reconstruct the heterogeneous climate of China in all regions, and that there is the need for more highly resolved temperature proxies, particularly in the Tibetan Plateau. | SHI Feng YANG Bao Lucien Von GUNTEN | 2012 | Science China Earth Sciences2012，55，12： | 18 |
| 5 | General characteristics of climate changes during the past 2000 years in China显示文摘The general characteristics of climate changes over the past 2000 years in China,regional differences and uncertainties were analyzed based on the recently peer-reviewed high time-resolution climatic reconstructions.The results showed that there exists four warm periods of the temperature variation in China since the Qin Dynasty,including the western and eastern Han Dynasties(200 BC-AD 180),the Sui and Tang dynasties(541-810),the Song and Yuan dynasties(931-1320),and the 20th century,and three cold phases involving the Wei,Jin,and North-South Dynasties(181-540),the late Tang Dynasty(811-930),and the Ming and Qing dynasties(1321-1920).The Song and Yuan warm period is consistent with the Medieval Warm Period over the Northern Hemisphere,and the cold phases of the North-South Dynasties and the Ming and Qing dynasties are paralleled to the Dark Ages Cold Period and the Little Ice Age,respectively.The 13th-15th century could be a shift to the wet condition of the climate,and the low precipitation variability is exhibited in western China prior to 1500.In the context of the climate warming,the pattern of the drought in north and flood in south is prevalent over the eastern China.In addition,the published reconstructions have a high level of confidence for the past 500 years,but large uncertainties exist prior to the 16th century. | GE QuanSheng ZHENG JingYun HAO ZhiXin LIU HaoLong | 2013 | Science China Earth Sciences2013，56，2： | 15 |
| 6 | 古气候演化特征、驱动与反馈及对现代气候变化研究的启示意义显示文摘古气候与现代气候变化研究如何有效结合,特别是古气候研究如何为理解现代气候变化过程提供背景条件、边界约束和理论框架,值得深入探讨。文章以现代、历史时期、全新世、晚第四纪和新生代为时间基线,回顾阐述了过去气候演变特征、成因机制及其对现代气候变化研究的启示意义,探讨了过去与现代气候变化融合研究中存在的不确定性。过去气候演化过程的研究,加深了人们对地球气候系统运行机制的理解。研究表明,各个时期中,地球气候经历了不同相位、幅度和速率的变化,气候系统各分量之间发生了复杂的相互作用,以地表温度为代表的地球表面热力环境演化是各不同阶段气候变化的基本表现形式。全球温度变化不仅受到太阳输出辐射、地球轨道参数和地球构造运动等的影响,而且与地球表层水圈中的海洋、冰冻圈中的大陆冰盖、生物圈中的海洋浮游生物和陆地植被,以及大气圈中的温室气体、粉尘气溶胶、水汽和云等活跃组分之间,存在着多尺度复杂反馈作用。在同一时间尺度上,气候系统分量的互馈通路可能是同向的、可比的,各分量之间的对应关系或具有一致性,研究结论对于预估未来气候变化有借鉴意义;但在不同时间尺度上,气候系统各分量之间的相互联系机制可能难有一致性和可比性,古今互鉴,就需要慎重。 | 任国玉 姜大膀 燕青 | 2021 | 第四纪研究2021，41，3： | 15 |
| 7 | 陕西定边地区2400cal.aB.P.以来高分辨率的花粉记录及环境变化显示文摘通过对位于黄土/沙漠过渡带定边地区苟池剖面的高分辨率的花粉分析,基于9个 ^(14)C年代数据重建了2400cal.aB.P.以来定边的植被与气候变化,结果表明2400~1 740cal.aB.P.地带性植被为以栎为主的森林草原,气候较温暖湿润;1740~1610cal.aB.P.森林退化,草原发育,气候变干;1610~1240cal.aB.P.乔水成分增加,植被类型为疏林草原,气候较温和湿润;1240~1010cal.aB.P.森林退缩,草原发育,气候变干;1010~690ca1.aB.P.草原进一步发育,气候干旱;690~500cal.aB.P.阔叶树成分增加,气候略温湿;500~190cal.aB.P.草原发育,气候干旱;190~Ocal.aB.P.乔木成分增加,气候变湿。本区花粉记录的植被和气候变化可与区域的世纪初前后(秦汉)暖期、隋唐暖期、中世纪暖期和小冰期等事件对比。 | 蒙红卫 马玉贞 王维 桑艳礼 | 2009 | 第四纪研究2009，29，5： | 15 |
| 8 | 晚全新世以来福建仙山泥炭钻孔的正构烷烃记录显示文摘通过对福建仙山泥炭钻孔中正构烷烃的分析,探讨了研究区近千年以来的气候特征。分析显示:正构烷烃分布范围主要为C16~C35,且以奇碳链为主,奇偶优势明显。正构烷烃与有机质含量(TOC)密切相关,在典型的泥炭层,TOC含量高,长碳链的C27,C29和C31正构烷烃占优势,揭示有机质主要来源于草本或木本等高等植物,盆地处于相对干的沉积环境;在非泥炭层,TOC含量低,钻孔中多含粗砂或粉砂,中碳链的C21或C23正构烷烃占优势,揭示有机质主要来源于水生植物或苔藓植物,表明相对较湿的沉积环境。钻孔中正构烷烃C23/C27比值与前人提出的C23/C29和P等参数呈同向变化,可以作为区域干一湿变化的代用指标。结合地层的年代序列,利用正构烷烃重建了区域距今1400年以来的植被演化和气候变化历史。结果显示,福建仙山地区气候存在3次相对湿润和4次相对较干的时段。在钻孔358—280cm(约公元600—910年),气候相对较干,在280~40cm(约公元910~1640年),降水较多,气候湿润,但中间存在两次变干的阶段;在40-0cm(约公元1640年至今),降水相对较少,气候转干。TOC含量和正构烷烃C23/C27序列与南方旱涝频率序列、石笋和硅藻记录对比显示,研究区在中世纪暖期气候相对较干,而小冰期则相对湿润,揭示出仙山泥炭沉积记录的气候信息具有区域一致性,为认识季风在短时间尺度的变化特征提供了依据。 | 朱芸 雷国良 姜修洋 李志忠 靳建辉 | 2013 | 第四纪研究2013，33，6： | 13 |
| 9 | Regional-scale Surface Air Temperature and East Asian Summer Monsoon Changes during the Last Millennium Simulated by the FGOALS-gl Climate System Model显示文摘The spatial patterns and regional-scale surface air temperature(SAT) changes during the last millennium, as well as the variability of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) were simulated with a low-resolution version of Flexible Global Ocean–Atmosphere–Land–Sea-ice(FGOALS-gl) model. The model was driven by both natural and anthropogenic forcing agents. Major features of the simulated past millennial Northern Hemisphere(NH) mean SAT variations, including the Medieval Climate Anomaly(MCA), the Little Ice Age(LIA) and the 20th Century Warming(20CW), were generally consistent with the reconstructions. The simulated MCA showed a global cooling pattern with reference to the 1961–90 mean conditions, indicating the 20CW to be unprecedented over the last millennium in the simulation. The LIA was characterized by pronounced coldness over the continental extratropical NH in both the reconstruction and the simulation. The simulated global mean SAT difference between the MCA and LIA was 0.14°C, with enhanced warming over high-latitude NH continental regions. Consistencies between the simulation and the reconstruction on regional scales were lower than those on hemispheric scales. The major features agreed well between the simulated and reconstructed SAT variations over the Chinese domain, despite some inconsistency in details among different reconstructions. The EASM circulation during the MCA was stronger than that during the LIA The corresponding rainfall anomalies exhibited excessive rainfall in the north but deficient rainfall in the south. Both the zonal and meridional thermal contrast were enhanced during the MCA. This temperature anomaly pattern favored a stronger monsoon circulation. | MAN Wenmin ZHOU Tianjun | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，4： | 12 |
| 10 | Decadal-centennial-scale change in Asian-Pacific summer thermal contrast and solar activity显示文摘To study the temporally varying features of summer thermal contrast between the Asian continent and the adjacent ocean on decadal-centennial time scales and the links between thermal contrast and solar irradiance, we used a time series of the reconstructed Asian-Pacific oscillation index and solar irradiance over the past millennium. The results showed that thermal contrast in the Asian monsoon region has quasi-90-year, 10-13-year, and 3-7-year periods. On the centennial time scale, thermal contrast showed three abrupt changes, occurring in 1305-1315, 1420-1430, and 1625-1635. There is a significant positive correlation between thermal contrast and solar irradiance, which is particularly strong at 250-year, 120-160-year, 60-70-year, and quasi-15-year periods. The three abrupt changes in thermal contrast corresponded to a significantly weakening or strengthening of solar irradiance, lagging 12-22 years behind the solar irradiance, which possibly reflects an effect of solar irradiance on the abrupt change in Asian monsoon climate on the centennial time scale. On the decadal time scale, the abrupt change in the thermal contrast was not closely associated with solar irradiance, which implies that solar activity may not be a major factor affecting the decadal abrupt change in Asian-Pacific thermal contrast. Relative to thermal contrast, the decadal abrupt change in Northern Hemispheric annual mean surface temperature is more closely associated with solar activity, while its centennial abrupt change has a weaker relationship with solar | ZHAO Ping ZHOU XiuJi LIU Ge | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，28： | 9 |
| 11 | 过去2000年中国气候重建与极端事件研究最新进展(英文)显示文摘China is distinguished by a prominent monsoonal climate in the east of the country, a continental arid climate in the northwest and a highland cold climate on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Because of the long history of Chinese civilization, there are abundant and well-dated documentary records for climate variation over the whole of the country as well as many natural archives(e.g., tree-rings, ice cores, stalagmites, varved lake sediments and corals) that enable high-resolution paleoclimatic reconstruction. In this paper, we review recent advances in the reconstruction of climate and extreme events over the last 2000 years in China. In the last 10 years, many new reconstructions, based on multi-proxies with wide spatial coverage, have been published in China. These reconstructions enable us to understand the characteristics of climate change across the country as well as the uncertainties of regional reconstructions. Synthesized reconstructed temperature results show that warm intervals over the last 2000 years occurred in AD 1–200, AD 551–760, AD 951–1320, and after AD 1921, and also show that cold intervals were in AD 201–350, AD 441–530, AD 781–950, and AD 1321–1920. Extreme cold winters, seen between 1500 and 1900, were more frequent than those after 1950. The intensity of regional heat waves, in the context of recent global warming, may not in fact exceed natural climate variability seen over the last 2000 years. In the eastern monsoonal region of China, decadal, multi-decadal and centennial oscillations are seen in rainfall variability. While the ensemble mean for drought/flood spatial patterns across all cold periods shows a meridional distribution, there is a tri-pole pattern with respect to droughts south of 25°N, floods between 25° and 30°N, and droughts north of 30°N for all warm periods. Data show that extreme drought events were most frequent in the periods AD 301–400, AD 751–800, AD 1051–1150, AD 1501–1550, and AD 1601–1650, while extreme flood events were frequent in the periods AD 101–150, AD 251–300, AD 951–1000, AD 1701–1750, AD 1801–1850, and AD 1901–1950. Between AD 1551–1600, extreme droughts and flood events occurred frequently. In arid northwest China, climate was characterized by dry conditions in AD 1000–1350, wet conditions in AD 1500–1850, and has tended to be wet over recent decades. On the northeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, centennial-scale oscillations in precipitation have occurred over the last 1000 years, interrupted by several multidecadal-scale severe drought events. Of these, the most severe were in the 1480 s and 1710 s. In southwest China, extreme droughts as severe as those seen in Sichuan and Chongqing in 2006 are known to have occurred during historical times. | 葛全胜 郑景云 郝志新 刘洋 李明启 | 2016 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2016，26，7： | 8 |
| 12 | Effect of China's rapid development on its iconic giant panda显示文摘Anthropogenic factors affect biodiversity and have led to the contraction or extinction of animal populations worldwide.Here,we use historical demographic data,spanning the past 300 years,to show that a rapid distributional contraction of giant pandas took place during the 18th and 19th centuries alongside the increase in human population.Land-use also underwent a significant change across the areas where giant pandas were found because of government agricultural policy and the introduction of new crops.The impact of social development on giant pandas includes habitat loss and fragmentation,and range reductions.Our findings would facilitate the design of effective conservation strategies that seek to conserve and increase current habitats of this iconic species,especially in areas that our analysis has identified as places where pandas have suffered from high human pressure. | ZHU LiFeng HU YiBo ZHANG ZeJun WEI FuWen | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，17： | 8 |
| 13 | 青藏高原地区近千年气候变化的时空特征显示文摘研究青藏高原地区过去千年气候变化的时空特征,对预测未来气候情景下该地区冰冻圈的变化及其水文-生态效应具有重要科学意义。基于15条反映青藏高原地区近千年气候变化的高分辨率重建序列,通过综合分析及经验正交函数(EOF)方法,进一步探讨了青藏高原地区过去千年气候变化的时空特征。综合重建序列显示:整体而言,青藏高原地区中世纪暖期(MWP)约持续到1450s,小冰期(LIA)约发生于1450—1870s,此后近百年来的温度在波动中逐渐升高;对比分析表明青藏高原地区MWP与20世纪前半叶的温暖幅度可比、也与其他北半球温度序列中同时期的气候特征相似,LIA较之我国中东部地区相对温暖。EOF分析结果揭示了过去千年典型气候特征(MWP、LIA及20世纪暖期等)在青藏高原的区域差异:对于MWP,其在高原东北部、中北部及西部地区约持续至1450s(其中约1250—1300s为冷波动),在喀喇昆仑及高原中东部地区约至13世纪初,高原南部诸多代用资料间接表明MWP约发生于11—15世纪(而在反映高原南部地区气候信息的第三主分量中MWP特征并不明显);对于LIA,高原东北部及西部地区的冷波动约为1450—1520s、1650—1750s、1780—1850s,喀喇昆仑地区的冷波动约为1450—1650s、1740—1780s、1820—1850s,高原南部、中东部及中北部地区的冷波动约为1580—1650s、1740—1780s(其中1670—1730s为相对暖期,并在喀喇昆仑地区也有所体现);对于近百年的全球显著升温过程,高原大部分地区均有记录,而南部与中东部地区的部分树轮年表则显示近几十年来夏季温度存在一定的下降趋势,这可能与全球变暖过程中不同季节(冬夏季节)温度变化的不一致性有关。 | 张彦成 侯书贵 庞洪喜 | 2012 | 海洋地质与第四纪地质2012，32，3： | 8 |
| 14 | Simulated analysis of summer climate on centennial time scale in eastern China during the last millennium显示文摘Using Lanczos filtered simulation results from the ECHO-G coupled ocean-atmosphere model,this study analyzes the spatiotemporal structure of temperature and precipitation on centennial time scale to examine how climate change in eastern China responded to external forcing during the last millennium.The conclusions are (1) eastern China experienced a warm-cold-warm climate transition,and the transition from the warm period to the cold period was slower than the cold to warm transition which followed it.There was more rainfall in the warm periods,and the transitional peak and valley of precipitation lag those of temperature.The effective solar radiation and solar irradiance have significant impacts on the temporal variation of both temperature and precipitation.Volcanic activity plays an important role in the sudden drop of temperature before the Present Warm Period (PWP).There is a positive correlation between precipitation and volcanic activity before 1400 A.D.,and a negative relationship between the two thereafter.The concentration of greenhouse gases increases in the PWP,and the temperature and precipitation increase accordingly.(2) The spatial pattern of the first leading empirical orthogonal function (EOF) mode of temperature on centennial time scale is consistent with that on the inter-annual/inter-decadal (IA-ID) time scales;namely,the entirety of eastern China is of the same sign.This pattern has good coherence with effective solar radiation and the concentrations of greenhouse gases.The first leading EOF mode of precipitation on centennial time scale is totally different from that on the IA-ID time scales.The first leading mode of centennial time scale changes consistently over the entirety of eastern China,while the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze and Yellow Rivers are the opposite to the rest of eastern China is the leading spatial pattern on IA-ID time scale.The distribution of precipitation on centennial time scale is affected by solar irradiance and greenhouse gas concentrations. | WANG HongLi LIU Jian WANG ZhiYuan WANG SuMin KUANG XueYuan | 2011 | Chinese Science Bulletin2011，56，21： | 6 |
| 15 | 过去500年华南地区冷暖变化记录及其对冬季温度变化的定量指示意义显示文摘摘要整编了历史文献中记载的1400年以来华南地区霜冻灾害及冰冻灾害南界、降雪南界及日数和初/终霜冻灾害日期记录;并结合1951年以来器测气温序列,分析了各类记录与华南地区11~2月平均气温的相关性,揭示其对温度变化的定量指示意义。结果表明:华南地区的霜冻灾害南界、冰冻灾害南界、降雪南界和降雪日数可较好地指示该区域的温度变化;且24。N以南地区(包括广东、广西、台湾中南部和海南)的最早与最晚霜冻灾害日期对华南地区温度变化亦具有指示作用。其中霜冻灾害南界、冰冻灾害南界、降雪南界向南推进1个纬度,华南11~2月平均气温分别约低0.23℃、0.41℃和0.40℃;南岭两侧50km范围内的降雪日数每多(少)i0天,华南11~2月平均气温约低(高)0.22℃。受原始记载缺失及距今越近、记录数量越多等的影响,1400~1500年间有记录的年份只有7年,而1501~1950年间有记录的年份则有309年。1951年以来,冰冻灾害和降雪南界从未到海南,霜冻灾害南界到海南岛的年份有8年;而1501~1950年间,冰冻灾害南界虽也从未到达海南岛,但降雪南界有5年、霜冻灾害南界有22年到达海南岛,且整个区域的初(终)霜冻灾害平均日期也早(晚)于1951年以后。这为下一步重建这一地区更长时段的年分辨率温度序列提供厂重要依据。 | 郑景云 刘洋 郝志新 葛全胜 | 2016 | 第四纪研究2016，36，3： | 4 |
| 16 | 基于杭州偏晚终雪记录的南宋(1131-1270年)气候再推断显示文摘本文整理、考订了南宋时期杭州偏晚终雪记录,诊断了此类资料的气候指示意义,进行了各年代不同数量终雪日期值至对应年代平均终雪日期值的转换,进而分析了重建序列所指示的温度变化特征与其他文献证据、气候变化重建结果之间的一致性。结果表明:(1)史料记述的杭州偏晚终雪现象系以惊蛰以后为标准,且不包括霰和冰粒类微量降雪类型,其有着明确的气候指示意义(-0.34oC/10d,R2=0.37,P<0.001),可有效用于温度重建。(2)基于非线性的波尔兹曼函数,以不同样本量偏晚终雪日期值可有效估算10年平均终雪日期,其外推结果较之线性函数和二项式函数具有更小的不确定性。(3)南宋时期杭州春季的平均温暖程度大致相当于1951-1980年,该时期在百年尺度上可划分为1131-1170年的寒冷期和1171-1270年的温暖期。其中,后一阶段有1181-1200年和1221-1240年两个亚冷期。(4)南宋时期杭州10年平均终雪日期的变化与中国其他地区温度变化的代用证据和重建结果具有较好的一致性,并与太平洋十年涛动的冷暖位相变化比较吻合,这可能说明了中世纪暖期太平洋十年涛动对中国大部分地区气候所具有的共同影响。本文为更深入认识12-13世纪中国东部季风区的气候变化特征提供了新的证据。 | 刘浩龙 戴君虎 闫军辉 何凡能 葛全胜 牟重行 | 2017 | 地理学报2017，72，3： | 4 |
| 17 | 历史时期人类侵蚀对大熊猫种群的影响显示文摘人为因素影响生物多样性,并已导致世界各地许多动物种群的缩小与灭绝.本文通过对近300年来人口统计数据进行分析,发现人口爆发期间(18~19世纪)大熊猫分布区发生了快速收缩.同时,在大熊猫历史分布区,由于政府农业政策和引进新作物的推动,土地利用方式发生了显著变化.历史时期的社会发展导致了大熊猫栖息地的急剧丧失和破碎化.本研究结果将有助于制定有效的大熊猫保护策略,即应积极保护和增加这个标志性物种的栖息地,尤其是已确定为高人类压力的分布区. | 朱立峰 胡义波 张泽钧 魏辅文 | 2013 | 科学通报2013，58，16： | 3 |
| 18 | 熔剂法制备SiCp/ZA27复合材料的凝固特性研究显示文摘研究了熔法制备SiCp/ZA27复合材料的凝固特性。指出熔剂通过改变颗粒表面物理结构和化学特性,引起反应润湿,造成熔体的成分起伏并优化结晶条件,使得复合材料宏观上仍以糊状方式凝固,但在颗粒微区内,凝固方式从颗粒表层至熔体中心由中间凝固,甚至逐层凝固,向糊状凝固方式过渡,经凝固过程固液界面行为分析,提出颗粒花瓣式生长模型、颗粒吞没模型和颗粒推移模型;并证实,控制合适的熔剂层厚度和配比能够实现颗粒吞没机制,使颗粒处于晶内,此时颗粒分布均匀、组织致密、界面结合强。 | 周明 蒋宗宇 赵玉涛 | 2000 | 铸造设备研究2000，，1： | 1 |
| 19 | 中国中世纪气候异常期温度的多尺度变化特征及区域差异显示文摘The Medieval Climate Anomaly(MCA,AD950-1250)is the most recent warm period lasting for several hundred years and is regarded as a reference scenario when studying the impact of and adaptation to global and regional warming.In this study,we investigated the characteristics of temperature variations on decadal-centennial scales during the MCA for four regions(Northeast,Northwest,Central-east,and Tibetan Plateau)in China,based on high-resolution temperature reconstructions and related warm-cold records from historical documents.The ensemble empirical mode decomposition method is used to analyze the time series.The results showed that for China as a whole,the longest warm period during the last 2000 years occurred in the 10th-13th centuries,although there were multi-decadal cold intervals in the middle to late 12th century.However,in the beginning and ending decades,warm peaks and phases on the decadal scale of the MCA for different regions were not consistent with each other.On the inter-decadal scale,regional temperature variations were similar from 950 to 1130;moreover,their amplitudes became smaller,and the phases did not agree well from 1130 to 1250.On the multi-decadal to centennial scale,all four regions began to warm in the early 10th century and experienced two cold intervals during the MCA.However,the Northwest and Central-east China were in step with each other while the warm periods in the Northeast China and Tibetan Plateau ended about 40-50 years earlier.On the multi-centennial scale,the mean temperature difference between the MCA and Little Ice Age was significant in Northeast and Central-east China but not in the Northwest China and Tibetan Plateau.Compared to the mean temperature of the 20th century,a comparable warmth in the MCA was found in the Central-east China,but there was a little cooling in Northeast China;meanwhile,there were significantly lower temperatures in Northwest China and Tibetan Plateau. | 郝志新 吴茂炜 刘洋 张学珍 郑景云 | 2020 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2020，30，1： | 1 |
| 20 | 981~1040年开封牡丹观赏记录及其对北宋气候冷暖变化的指示显示文摘丰富的历史文献是我国过去全球变化研究的优势条件,然在'中世纪暖期'前期,中国东部地区此类别资料中客观而具有高置信度的物候信息仍有深入挖掘的余地。为弥补这一缺憾,根据5种历史文献记载的河南开封、洛阳地区981~1040年的38条赏花日期记录,重建了这60年间开封牡丹盛花期的变化,并将其与其他文献证据、温度重建序列所反映的气候冷暖变化特征进行了对比,检验了资料的准确性。结果显示:1)开封981~1040年的气候可能略暖于现今,牡丹盛花期的均值4月21日比现今早1.0天;2)当时开封牡丹盛花期的变幅(4月11~30日)基本上未超过现代;3)牡丹盛花期呈现出0.4天/10年的微弱提前趋势,说明当时气候虽然总体上偏暖,但增温趋势不明显;4)牡丹盛花期的年代际变化可划分为平均比现今晚1.6天的981~994年、早2.8天的995~1016年、晚2.9天的1017~1030年和早6.0天的1031~1040年这4个阶段,说明当时总体上略比现今温暖的气候并不是持续温暖的;5)序列与夏秋税征收日期、水稻种植范围、柑橘分布北界、植物二次开花与再实、冬雷等其他文献证据所指示的期内各阶段气候状况比较吻合,也与中国东部及邻近地区的其他温度重建序列在冷暖变化过程上异同互现。该结果有助于更为准确地诊断中国东部'中世纪暖期'的阶段性气候变化特征,为下一步集成重建中国东部地区在'中世纪暖期'时段更长、结果不确定性更小的温度序列以及定量分析当时气候变化与社会经济兴衰之间的关系提供重要依据。 | 刘浩龙 葛全胜 周宇 戴君虎 郝志新 闫军辉 | 2021 | 第四纪研究2021，41，3： | 1 |
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