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| 1 | Clinical relevance and public health significance of hepatitis B virus genomic variations显示文摘Ten hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes (A-J) and 34 HBV subgenotypes have been identified so far. HBV genotypes and subgenotypes have distinct geographical distributions, and have been shown to differ with regard to clinical outcome, prognosis, and response to interferon treatment. Infection with subgenotype A2 is frequently associated with high viral load, resulting in acute infection via horizontal transmission. Genotypes A and B are more sensitive to interferon treatment than genotypes D and C, respectively. Genotype B is more frequent in acute hepatitis than genotype C, whereas genotype C (C2) is more frequently associated with an increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), mostly cirrhotic, as compared with genotype B (B2). Genotype mixture is associated with high viral load and worse outcome of HBV infection. HBV mutations in the S genes, especially amino acids substitution at position 145 (G145R), are associated with immune escape, whereas mutations in the PreS or S genes which impair HBsAg secretion could present a risk to blood safety. HBV variants harboring mutations in the viral polymerase gene that confer resistance to nucleoside analogs may be selected during antiviral therapy. Different genotypes have distinct mutation patterns in the PreS and EnhⅡ/BCP/Precore regions.associated HBV mutants may not transmit via mother tochild transmission,and are likely generated during HBV-induced pathogenesis.Examination of HBV muta tions alone or in combination and host genetic suscep tibility will be helpful in classifying the HBV-infected subjects who will develop HCC and need active anti viral treatments. | Guang-Wen Cao | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，46： | 53 |
| 2 | 乙型肝炎病毒基因型及其临床意义的研究进展显示文摘乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)基因型的研究是目前乙型肝炎国内外研究的热点.HBV基因分型比血清亚型更能准确地反映原型病毒株之间的自然异质性,HBV基因分型方法有多种,以全基因测序为HBV基因分型的金标准,基于全基因核苷酸序列比较,HBV可分为A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H 8个基因型.HBV基因型呈地理区域性分布,且不同基因型致病性不同,HBV基因型与乙型肝炎病情的进展、临床表现、治疗、预后有密切的关系.本文就近几年HBV基因型及其临床意义的研究进展作一综述. | 游晶 庄林 陈红英 杨海秋 唐宝璋 黄梦玲 | 2007 | 世界华人消化杂志2007，15，9： | 18 |
| 3 | Hepatitis B virus genotypes and lamivudine resistance mutations in Jordan显示文摘AIM:To investigate and identify prevalent hepatitis B virus(HBV) genotypes and to explore lamivudine-resistant mutations among treated and untreated patients in Jordan.METHODS:A total of 107 cases with chronic hepatitis B were recruited from different medical centers in Jordan.Serological tests were preformed for all cases using a microparticle enzyme immunoassay.HBV Genotyping was performed for 70 cases using Line probe genotyping assay.The YMDD mutations were explored for 20 cases(4 were lamivudine naive) using the INNO-LiPA HBV DR assay.RESULTS:Genotype D was the only detected genotype.A total of 6 YMDD mutations were detected in 5 treated patients(31%) while one mutation was detected in the naive patients.Seventeen percent of cases were positive for HBeAg and had statistically significant higher levels of serum aminotransferases.CONCLUSION:HBV genotype D appears to be the only circulating type in Jordanian patients.The YMDD mutations were detected in 31% of lamivudine-treated cases with similar patterns to those found in the literature.We also found a relatively low prevalence of HBeAg expression among examined cases(17%).Awareness of these serologic,genotypic and resistance patterns might help in the formulation of management plans and for predicting clinical outcomes.Further larger scale studies are needed to confirm our results and to examine possible associations among clinical,serologic,and genetic patterns of HBV infections in Jordan. | Hani A Masaadeh Wail A Hayajneh Enayat A Alqudah | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，47： | 10 |
| 4 | Profile, spectrum and significance of hepatitisB virus genotypes in chronic HBV-infected patients in Yunnan, China显示文摘BACKGROUND: There are significant variations in the geographical distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes throughout the world, and some genotypes are associated with different clinical outcomes. Eight genotypes of human HBV (designated A-H) have been reported. The present study was designed to examine the distribution of HBV genotypes among patients at various stages of chronic type B liver disease in Yunnan Province, China, and to explore its significance and the relationship of HBV genotype with gender and age, clinical spectrum of chronic HBV infection, and viral replicative activity. METHODS: Serum samples from 126 patients with chronic HBV infection from Yunnan Province, including 26 chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers (ASC), 61 patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB) (21 mild, 30 moderate and 10 severe), 20 patients with chronic fulminant hepatic failure (CFHF), 12 patients with HBV-related liver cirrhosis (LC) and 7 patients with HBV-related hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were analyzed using reverse dot blot (RDB) methodology, which is based on the reverse hybridization principle for HBV genotyping. The relations of HBV genotype with gender and age,clinical patterns, and serological data of the patients were analyzed. RESULTS: In this series, genotypes A, B, C, and D were found. 38.1% patients (48/126) belonged to B, 54.8% (69/126) to C, 0.8% (1/126) to D, 1.6% (2/126) to a mixture of B and C, and 1.6% (2/126) to a mixture of A and C. 3.2% patients (4/126) had unknown genotypes. No other genotypes (E, F, G, and H) were found. Genotypes B and C were predominant. There was a statistically significant difference in the distributions of genotypes C and B (χ2=7.04, P=0.008), and C was the dominant genotype in all patient categories. The rate of genotype B in the mild CHB group was significantly higher than that in the moderate and severe groups (χ2=12.16, P=0.0001; χ2=11.98, P=0.001, respectively), the ASC group (χ2=5.46, P=0.02), the CFHF group (χ2=5.53, P=0.019), and the LC/HCC group (χ2=12.13, P=0.001). The rate of genotype C in the LC/HCC group and the severe CHB group were significantly higher than that in the mild group (χ2=9.95, P=0.002; χ2=8.78, P=0.003, respectively). HBV DNA positivity and HBeAg positivity were higher in genotype C than in genotype B (χ2=9.81, P=0.002; χ2=3.85, P=0.05, respectively). The prevalence of genotype C showed an increasing trend in lowest-, middle- and highest-level groups of HBV replication (25.0%, 70.0%, and 55.6%, respectively); in contrast, the prevalence of genotype B showed an opposite trend in the same order (62.5%, 30.0%, and 37.0%, respectively). The rate of genotype C in the highest-level group of HBV replication was higher than genotype B (χ2=7.45, P=0.006). The rate of genotype C in the over-30 age group was higher than that in the below-30 age group (χ2=3.7, P=0.05). There was no difference between the sexes (P>0.05). More severe liver damage was found in genotype C than in genotype B (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The predominant HBV genotypes in chronic HBV-infected patients are B and C, and C is the most prevalent genotype in Yunnan Province, China. HBV genotype C is associated with the development of more severe liver disease and a higher level of HBV viral replication, and genotype B has a relatively good progress. | Hutcha Sriplung Virasakdi Chongsuvivatwong Alan Geater | 2008 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2008，7，3： | 9 |
| 5 | 乙型肝炎病毒耐药基因研究进展显示文摘核苷(酸)类似物抗病毒药物的开发和应用,为慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)的治疗带来了极大的帮助。然而在临床治疗的过程中,乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)耐药变异地产生增加了治疗失败的风险。近年来,在全球范围内对HBV耐药变异毒株的研究正在大规模的进行。该文将围绕HBV耐药基因的特点、HBV基因分型与耐药、检测耐药基因的技术和方法等方面的研究进展进行综述。 | 何超 张朝霞 | 2011 | 现代检验医学杂志2011，26，3： | 2 |
| 6 | 上海市金山地区乙型肝炎病毒基因型分布及其与临床的关系显示文摘目的了解上海金山地区乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)感染者基因型分布及其与临床的关系。方法401例HBV DNA阳性患者采用聚合酶链反应(PCR)-酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)进行HBV DNA定量、微流基因芯片法进行基因分型、ELISA检测e抗原(HBeAg)及肝功能检查后进行综合分析。结果B型198例(49.38%),C型169例(42.14%),B/C混合型20例(4.99%),未分型14例(3.49%),未发现其他基因型。B型在慢性乙型重度肝炎(CSHB)患者中的比例显著低于无症状携带者(ASC)和慢性乙型轻、中度肝炎(CMHB)(P<0.01),而C型在CSHB患者中的比例显著高于ASC和CMHB(P<0.01)。ASC中B型患者的HBV DNA水平最低。C型患者的丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和γ-谷氨酰基转移酶(GGT)水平均高于B型。结论上海金山地区HBV感染者基因型以B型为主,C型次之,少量B/C混合型,C型与重肝病关系比B型密切。 | 肖春海 顾宾峰 顾应嘉 代二娜 周演武 杜玉珍 | 2008 | 检验医学2008，23，6： | 1 |
| 7 | First multicenter study for risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma development in North Africa显示文摘AIM:To assess the role of the major risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) development in the western part of North Africa.METHODS:A multicenter case control study was conducted in Tunisia,Morocco and Algeria in collaboration with Pasteur Institutes in these countries.A total of 164 patients with HCC and 250 control subjects without hepatic diseases were included.Prevalences of HBsAg,anti-hepatitis C virus(HCV)and diabetes were assessed.HCV and HBV genotyping were performed for anti-HCV and HBsAg positive patients.RESULTS:The mean age of patients was 62±10 years old for a 1.5 M:F sex ratio.Sixty percent of HCC patients were positive for anti-HCV and 17.9% for HBsAg.Diabetes was detected in 18% of cases.Odd ratio(OR)and 95% confidence intervals(CI) were 32.0(15.8-65.0),7.2(3.2-16.1) and 8.0(3.1 -20.0)for anti-HCV,HBsAg and diabetes respectively.Multivariate analysis indicated that the three studied factors were independent.1b HCV genotype and D HBV genotype were predominant in HCC patients.HCV was the only risk factor significantly associated with an excess of cirrhosis(90% vs 68% for all other risk factors collectively,P=0.00168).Excessive alcohol consumption was reliably established for 19(17.6%) cases among the 108 HCC patients for whom data is available.CONCLUSION:HCV and HBV infections and diabetes are the main determinants of HCC development in North Africa.An active surveillance and secondary prevention programs for patients with chronic hepatitis and nutrition-associated metabolic liver diseases are the most important steps to reduce the risk of HCC in the region.Salah Berkane,Department of Gastroenterology BologhineUniversity Hospital,Bologhine 16090,Algiers。 | Olfa Bahri Sayeh Ezzikouri Nissaf Ben Alaya-Bouafif Fella Iguer Abdallah Essaid El Feydi Hafedh Mestiri Moustapha Benazzouz Tahar Khalfallah Rajaa Afifi Latifa Elkihal Salah Berkane Agnes Marchio Nabil Debzi Anne Dejean Pascal Pineau Hinda Triki Soumaya Benjelloun | 2011 | World Journal of Hepatology2011，3，1： | 0 |
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