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| 1 | Current characteristics of congenital coronary artery fistulas in adults:A decade of global experience显示文摘AIM:To describe the characteristics of coronary artery fistulas(CAFs) in adults,including donor vessels and whether termination was cameral or vascular. METHODS:A PubMed search was performed for articles between 2000 and 2010 to describe the current characteristics of congenital CAFs in adults.A group of 304 adults was collected.Clinical data,presentations,diagnostic modalities,angiographic fistula findings and treatment strategies were gathered and analyzed.With regard to CAF origin,the subjects were tabulated into unilateral,bilateral or multilateral fistulas and compared.The group was stratified into two major subsets according to the mode of termination;coronary-cameral fistulas(CCFs) and coronary-vascular fistulas(CVFs) . A comparison was made between the two subsets. Fistula-related major complications[aneurysm formation,infective endocarditis(IE) ,myocardial infarction(MI) ,rupture,pericardial effusion(PE) and tamponade] were described.Coronary artery-ventricular multiple micro-fistulas and acquired CAFs were excluded as well as anomalous origin of the coronary arteries from the pulmonary artery(PA) . RESULTS:A total of 304 adult subjects(47%male) with congenital CAFs were included.The mean age was51.4 years(range,18-86 years) ,with 20%older than 65 years of age.Dyspnea(31%) ,chest pain(23%) and angina pectoris(21%) were the prevalent clinical presentations.Continuous cardiac murmur was heard in 82%of the subjects.Of the applied diagnostic modalities,chest X-ray showed an abnormal shadow in 4%of the subjects.The cornerstone in establishing the diagnosis was echocardiography(68%) ,and conventional contrast coronary angiography(97%) .However,multislice detector computed tomography was performed in 16%.The unilateral fistula originated from the left in 69%and from the right coronary artery in 31%of the subjects.Most patients(80%) had unilateral fistulas,18%presented with bilateral fistulas and 2%with multilateral fistulas.Termination into the PA was reported in unilateral(44%) ,bilateral(73%) and multilateral(75%) fistulas.Fistulas with multiple origins(bilateral and multilateral) terminated more frequently into the PA(29%) than into other sites(10.6%)(P=0.000) . Aneurysmal formation was found in 14%of all subjects.Spontaneous rupture,PE and tamponade were reported in 2%of all subjects.In CCFs,the mean age was 46.2 years whereas in CVFs mean age was 55.6 years(P=0.003) .IE(4%) was exclusively associated with CCFs,while MI(2%) was only found in subjects with CVFs.Surgical ligation was frequently chosen for unilateral(57%) ,bilateral(51%) and multilateral fistulas(66%) ,but percutaneous therapeutic embolization(PTE) was increasingly reported(23%,17%and 17%,respectively) . CONCLUSION:Congenital CAFs are currently detected in elderly patients.Bilateral fistulas are more frequently reported and PTE is more frequently applied as a therapeutic strategy in adults. | Salah AM Said | 2011 | World Journal of Cardiology2011，3，8： | 17 |
| 2 | 冠状动脉瘘显示文摘冠状动脉瘘(coronary artery fistula,CAF)是一个或多个冠状动脉与心腔或大血管之间的异常通道,是一种少见的心血管畸形,确切的发生率尚不清楚,血管造影显示先天性CAF患病率为0.3%-0.8%,约占儿童冠状动脉畸形的50%。随着冠状动脉造影术的广泛开展,发现CAF的几率越来越高,笔者从病因、解剖、病理生理、临床特征、特殊检查和治疗方面对CAF进行综述。 | 党群 李永健 | 2010 | 中国心血管杂志2010，15，4： | 10 |
| 3 | Transcatheter closure of coronary artery fistula using Guglielmi detachable coil显示文摘BackgroundCoronary 动脉管(CAF ) 是一个稀罕异例。Transcatheter CAF 闭合用各种各样的材料被介绍了,但是仅仅很少数据在 Guglielmi 可拆卸的卷(GDC ) 上是可得到的。为 transcatheter CAF 闭合使用 GDC 的优点是更可控制的,因此安全得多什么时候与另外的卷相比。这份报告关于我们在用在我们的 hospital.Methods & 的 fibered GDC 的 CAF 的 transcatheter 闭合的经验;ResultsFrom 2002 到 2007,有有 CAF 的 10 个病人(年龄范围:28 ~ 56 27 岁的孩子, 7 男性) 经历了 transcatheter CAF 闭合。有发源从的 19 CAF 的一个总数恰好冠(n = 5 ) ,左降声调符号(n = 3 ) ,左前面的下降动脉(n = 10 ) 并且左主要箱子(n = 1 ) 。为每管的卷推广的中部的数字是 3 (范围:1 ~ 6 ) 。肺的动脉是 CAF 的远侧的通讯的最普通的地点(n = 14 ) ,由正确中庭列在后面(n = 3 ) ,左中庭(n = 1 ) 并且左室(n = 1 ) 。在 GDC 推广以后的立即的冠的 angiography 没在 12 揭示剩余分流(63.2%) CAF,在 5 的流动(26.3%) 的重要减小,当(10.5%) 2 不能由于小尺寸被关上时。九(90%) 病人们在 3 ~ 8 个月以内经历了重复 angiography。在 12 CAF 之中,那被堵塞立即推广以后,有有不足道的剩余流动的 2 CAF。在有显著地减少的流动的 6 CAF 之中立即推广以后, 2 在后续 angiography 完全被堵塞。总共, 12 (70.5%) CAF 完全被堵塞并且 5 (29.5%) CAF 仍然有不足道的剩余流动,它不需要任何另外的卷推广。在一个平均数期间列在后面在上面 4.3 ±0.7 年,所有病人仍然是症状和复杂并发症 free.ConclusionsThe fibered GDC 是为 CAF 的经皮的闭合的一个安全、有效的方法。 | Muhammad Munawar Bambang B. Siswanto Ganesha M. Harimurti Thach N. Nguyen | 2012 | Journal of Geriatric Cardiology2012，9，1： | 7 |
| 4 | Congenital coronary artery fistulas complicated with pulmonary hypertension: Analysis of 211 cases显示文摘AIM To compare the behavior of pulmonary hypertension(PHT) associated with coronary artery fistulas(CAFs) between the Asian and Caucasian subjects.METHODS CAFs may be complicated with PHT secondary to leftto-right shunt. Literature review limited to the English language. A total of 211 reviewed patients were collected. Of those, 111 were of Asian and 100 were of Caucasian ethnic origin. The mean age of the Asian and the Caucasian groups of patients were 48.9(range 19-83) and 49.9 years(range 16-85), respectively. In both groups, right heart catheterization was the most commonly(95%) used method for determining pulmonary artery pressure. RESULTS From all of the reviewed subjects, PHT was found in 49 patients(23%), of which 15 were Asian and 34 were Caucasian. In 75% of PHT subjects, mild to moderate PHT was reported and 76% of the fistulas had a vascular mode of termination. Treatment was surgical in 61%, followed by percutaneous therapeutic embolization(27%) and finally conservative medical management in 12% of PHT subjects. PHT was associated with a slight female gender predominance. The majority demonstrated mild to moderate PHT. PHT was reported more frequent in the Caucasian compared with the Asian ethnicity group. The majority of fistulas in patients with PHT had a vascular mode of termination. The results of this review are intended to be indicative and require cautious interpretation.CONCLUSION The likelihood for a CAF patient to develop PHT is presented when possessing the following features, with a Caucasian female having a fistula with a vascular mode of termination. | Salah AM Said | 2016 | World Journal of Cardiology2016，8，10： | 0 |
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