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| 1 | CD28/CTLA-4/B7 and CD40/CD40L costimulation and activation of regulatory T cells显示文摘Costimulatory signals are crucial for T cell activation. Attempts to block costimulatory pathways have been effective in preventing unwanted immune reactions. In particular, blocking the CD28/cytotoxic T lymphocyte antigen(CTLA)-4/B7 interaction(using CTLA-4Ig) and the CD40/CD40 L interaction(using anti-CD40 L antibodies) prevents T cell mediated autoimmune diseases, transplant rejection and graft vs host disease in experimental models. Moreover, CTLA-4Ig is in clinical use to treat rheumatoid arthritis(abatacept) and to prevent rejection of renal transplants(belatacept). Under certain experimental conditions, this treatment can even result in tolerance. Surprisingly, the underlying mechanisms of immune modulation are still not completely understood. We here discuss the evidence that costimulation blockade differentially affects effector T cells(Teff) and regulatory T cells(Treg). The latter are required to control inappropriate and unwanted immune responses, and their activity often contributes to tolerance induction and maintenance. Unfortunately, our knowledge on the costimulatory requirements of Treg cells is very limited. We therefore summarize the current understanding ofthe costimulatory requirements of Treg cells, and elaborate on the effect of anti-CD40 L antibody and CTLA-4Ig treatment on Treg cell activity. In this context, we point out that the outcome of a treatment aiming at blocking the CD28/CTLA-4/B7 costimulatory interaction can vary with dosing, timing and underlying immunopathology. | Isabel T Vogel Stefaan W Van Gool Jan L Ceuppens | 2014 | World Journal of Immunology2014，4，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Clinical significance of small-intestinal microsporidiosis in HIV-1-infected individuals 显示文摘 | Eeftinck Schattenkerk JK van Gool T van Ketel RJ | 1991 | Lancet1991，337，8746： | 1 |
| 3 | Matching widely separated views based on affine invariant regions 显示文摘 | TUYTELAARS T Van GOOL L | 2004 | International Journal on Computer Vision2004，59，1： | 1 |
| 4 | High seroprevalence of Encephalitozoon species in immunocompetent subjects 显示文摘 | van Gool T Vetter JC Weinmayr B | 1997 | JInfect Dis1997，175，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Speeded-up robust features (SURF)显示文摘 | Bay H Tuytelaars T Van Gool L | 2008 | Computer Vision and Image Understanding2008，110，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Matching widely separated views based on affinely invariant neighbourhoods显示文摘 | TUYTELAARS T VAN GOOL L | 2004 | International Journal of Computer Vision2004，59，1： | 1 |
| 7 | SURF:Speededup robust features (SURF)显示文摘 | Bay H Ess A Tuytelaars T Van Gool L | | 0，，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Affine reconstruction from perspective image pairs with a relative object camera translation in between显示文摘 | Moons T Van Gool L Proesmans M Pauwels E | 1996 | IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence1996，18，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Matching widely separated views based on affineinvariant regions显示文摘 | TUYTELAARS T VAN Gool L | 2004 | International Journal of Computer Vision2004，59，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Matching widely separated views based on affine invariant regions显示文摘 | Tuytelaars T Luc Van Gool | 2004 | International Journal on Computer Vision2004，59，1： | 1 |
| 11 | SURF:speeded up robust features显示文摘 | Bay H Tuytelaars T Van Gool L | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 12 | SURF:Speeded up robust features显示文摘 | Bay H Tuytelars T Van Gool L | 2006 | In ECCV2006，，： | 1 |
| 13 | Matching widely separated views based on affinely invariant neighborhoods 显示文摘 | TUYTELAARS T VAN GOOL L | 2004 | International Journal of Computer Vision2004，59，1： | 1 |
| 14 | SURF: SpeededUp Robust Features 显示文摘 | H Bay T Tuytelaars L Van Gool | 2008 | Computer Vision and ImageUnderstanding2008，110，3： | 1 |
| 15 | SURF:speeded up robust features 显示文摘 | BAY H TUYTELAARS T Van GOOL L | 2008 | Computer Vision and Image Understanding2008，110，： | 1 |
| 16 | SURF: Speeded up robust features 显示文摘 | Bay H Tuytelaars T van Gool L | 2008 | Computer Vision and Image Un- derstanding2008，110，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Real-time range acquisi- tion by adaptive structured light显示文摘 | Koninckx T P Van Gool L | 2006 | Pattern Analy- sis and Machine Intelligence IEEE Transactions on2006，28，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Matching widely separated views based on affine invariant regions显示文摘 | Tuytelaars T Van Gool L | 2004 | Interna- tional Journal on Computer Vision2004，59，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Moment in- variants for recognition under changing viewpoint and illu- mination显示文摘 | Mindru F Tuytelaars T van Gool L et aI | 2004 | Computer Vision and Image Understanding2004，94，13： | 1 |
| 20 | Speeded - Up Robust Features(SURF) 显示文摘 | H Bay A Ess T Tuytelaars L Van Gool | 2008 | Computer Vision and Image Understanding2008，110，3： | 1 |
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