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| 1 | 阿尔金断裂带对青藏高原北部生长、隆升的制约显示文摘大量的同位素年代学证据表明(古)阿尔金断裂带可能形成于三叠纪,后又经历了侏罗纪、白垩纪的强烈左旋走滑活动,自印度板块与欧亚大陆碰撞后阿尔金断裂再次活动。主要的走滑活动发生在:(1)245~220Ma;(2)180~140Ma;(3)120~100Ma;(4)90~80Ma;(5)60~45Ma(6)渐新世至中新世;(7)上新世至更新世以及(8)全新世。沿阿尔金断裂带,伴随左旋走滑活动形成一系列的逆冲断裂和正断裂,反映走滑过程中伴随隆升作用的存在,并且形成自北向南包括祁连山、大雪山、党河南山、柴北缘山、祁漫塔格山和昆仑山,表明阿尔金断裂带制约着青藏高原北部的生长和隆升。阿尔金断裂带东、西两端的白垩纪和新生代火山活动是断裂走滑活动的响应。 | 李海兵 杨经绥 许志琴 孙知明 Paul TAPPONNIER Jerome VAN DER WOERD Anne-Sophie MERIAUX | 2006 | 地学前缘2006，13，4： | 148 |
| 2 | 世界胃肠病学组织(WGO-OMGE)临床指南——发展中国家幽门螺杆菌感染显示文摘我非常高兴向大家推荐这份发展中国家幽门螺杆菌(H.priori)临床指南。该指南的编译是由数位在该领域具有丰富临床经验的世界知名专家共同完成的。 | Hunt RH Xiao SD Megraud F Leon-Barua R Bazzoli F Van der Merwe S vaz Coelho LG Fock KM Fedail S Cohen H Malfertheiner P Vakil N Hamid S Goh KL Wong BC Krabshuis JH 杜颖 丛衍群 戴宁 | 2007 | 胃肠病学2007，12，1： | 85 |
| 3 | 汶川地震(Ms8.0)地表破裂及其同震右旋斜向逆冲作用显示文摘2008年5月12日14时28分,青藏高原东缘龙门山地区发生了震惊世界的汶川地震(MS8.0),地震不仅造成巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失,并形成了迄今为止空间上分布最为复杂、长度最大的逆冲型同震地表破裂带。通过多次野外考查表明,汶川地震(MS8.0)在龙门山断裂带上至少使两条NE走向、倾向NW的映秀-北川断裂和灌县-安县断裂同时发生地表破裂,并沿映秀-北川断裂产生的地表破裂带长度约275km,以逆冲运动伴随右旋走滑为其破裂特征,最大垂直位移量约11m,最大右旋走滑位移量至少约12m;沿灌县-安县断裂产生的地表破裂带长度约80km,表现为纯逆冲运动的破裂特征,最大垂直位移量约4m;另外发育一条长约6km呈NW走向连接于映秀-北川破裂带和汉旺破裂带的小鱼洞破裂带,以左旋走滑兼有逆冲运动为特征。地表破裂基本沿袭早先活动断裂带上,并使早先抬高的地貌更加抬高,表明龙门山地区地震在同一断裂带上重复发生过,并且无数次地震活动(包括类似汶川MS8.0地震的强震)的累积,逐渐形成了现今的龙门山。根据同震断裂面以及断裂面上的擦痕分析表明,汶川地震是由两次破裂事件叠加而成,初期破裂以逆冲运动为主,后期破裂以右旋走滑为主,这种破裂过程与地震波数据反演结果(陈运泰等,2008;Ji,2008;王为民等,2008)一致。在地表破裂带南段(映秀—清平段)叠加了两次不同性质的破裂过程,北段(北川—南坝段)只反映了第二次破裂事件的过程。利用长期滑移速率与汶川地震同震位移对比,估算出在龙门山断裂带上类似汶川地震(MS8.0)的强震复发周期为3000~6000a。通过对比研究,西昆仑山、阿尔金山和东昆仑山与龙门山具有很相似的转换挤压构造特征,斜向逆冲作用是青藏高原周缘山脉快速崛起的主要机制。 | 李海兵 付小方 Jerome VAN DER WOERD 司家亮 王宗秀 侯立玮 邱祝礼 李宁 吴富晓 许志琴 Paul TAPPONNIER | 2008 | 地质学报2008，82，12： | 146 |
| 4 | Diffusion weighted imaging in the liver显示文摘Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is an imaging technique which provides tissue contrast by the measurement of diffusion properties of water molecules within tissues. Diffusion is expressed in an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), which reflects the diffusion properties unique to each type of tissue. DWI has been originally used in neuroradiology. More recently, DWI has increasingly been used in addition to conventional unenhanced and enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in other parts of the body. The reason for this delay was a number of technical problems inherent to the technique, making DWI very sensitive to artifacts, which had to be overcome. With assessment of ADC values, DWI proved to be helpful in characterization of focal liver lesions. However, DWI should always be used in conjunction to conventional MRI since there is considerable overlap between ADC values of benign and malignant lesions. DWI is useful in the detection of hepatocellular carcinoma in the cirrhotic liver and detection of liver metastases in oncological patients. In addition, DWI is a promising tool in the prediction of tumor responsiveness to chemotherapy and the follow-up of oncological patients after treatment, as DWI may be capable of detecting recurrent disease earlier than conventional imaging.This review focuses on the most common applications of DWI in the liver. | Petra G Kele Eric J van der Jagt | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，13： | 48 |
| 5 | PBL:教育实践和研究的未来挑战显示文摘本文是一篇有关PBL的评论性研究,根据现代学习理论,作者论述了四个有关学习的原则,解释了这些原则在PBL中的应用,并对已进行的研究进行了评议。 | Diana HJM Dolmans Willem De Grave Ineke HAP Wolfhagen Cees PM van der Vleuten 梅人朗 | 2008 | 复旦教育论坛2008，6，1： | 44 |
| 6 | Late Quaternary sinistral slip rate along the Altyn Tagh fault and its structural transformation model显示文摘Based on technical processing of high-resolution SPOT images and aerophotos, detailed mapping of offset landforms in combination with field examination and displacement measurement, and dating of offset geomorphic surfaces by using carbon fourteen (14C), cos- mogenic nuclides (10Be+26Al) and thermoluminescence (TL) methods, the Holocene sinistral slip rates on different segments of the Altyn Tagh Fault (ATF) are obtained. The slip rates reach 17.5 ±2 mm/a on the central and western segments west of Aksay Town, 11±3.5 mm/a on the Subei-Shibaocheng segment, 4.8±1.0 mm/a on the Sulehe segment and only 2.2±0.2 mm/a on the Kuantanshan segment, an easternmost segment of the ATF. The sudden change points for loss of sinistral slip rates are located at the Subei, Shibaocheng and Shulehe triple junctions where NW-trending active thrust faults splay from the ATF and propagate southeastward. Slip vector analyses indicate that the loss of the sinistral slip rates from west to east across a triple junction has structurally transformed into local crustal shortening perpendicular to the active thrust faults and strong uplifting of the thrust sheets to form the NW-trending Danghe Nanshan, Daxueshan and Qilianshan Ranges. Therefore, the eastward extrusion of the northern Qing- hai-Tibetan Plateau is limited and this is in accord with “the imbricated thrusting transforma- tion-limited extrusion model”. | P. Tapponnier J. Van Der Woerd F. J. Ryerson A.S. Meriaux | 2005 | Science China Earth Sciences2005，48，3： | 32 |
| 7 | 西昆仑山前冲断带晚新生代构造地貌特征显示文摘在卫片解译、DEM数据处理、地形图分析与剖面制作的基础上,结合野外构造地貌考察与观测,对西昆仑山前冲断带的构造地貌特征进行了定量、半定量的研究。沿山前发育系统的水系变化、冲积扇变化、不对称背斜、大规模正断裂、不对称河流阶地等典型的构造地貌,表明这条由南向北逆冲的冲断带在扩展过程中存在着由西向东迁移的特征。冲断带的东西分段以桑株河为界,以西发育固满背斜,其构造样式为向北的逆冲伴随向南的反冲;以东发育一系列不对称的背斜,表现出明显的由南向北逆冲的特征,地表无明显的反冲构造出现。利用生长地层和河流阶地估算了西昆仑山的隆升速率:晚上新世—早更新世以来的最低隆升速率为0.21~0.25mm/a,100ka以来的隆升速率为1.5mm/a。 | 潘家伟 李海兵 Jerome Van Der Woerd 孙知明 裴军令 Laurie Barrier 司家亮 | 2007 | 地质通报2007，26，10： | 33 |
| 8 | Lower Bifidobacteria counts in both duodenal mucosa-associated and fecal microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome patients显示文摘AIM: To determine the composition of both fecal and duodenal mucosa-associated microbiota in irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients and healthy subjects using molecular-based techniques. METHODS: Fecal and duodenal mucosa brush samples were obtained from 41 IBS patients and 26 healthy subjects. Fecal samples were analyzed for the composition of the total microbiota using fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) and both fecal and duodenal brush samples were analyzed for the composition of bif idobacteria using real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS: The FISH analysis of fecal samples revealed a 2-fold decrease in the level of bifidobacteria (4.2 ± 1.3 vs 8.3 ± 1.9, P < 0.01) in IBS patients compared to healthy subjects, whereas no major differences in other bacterial groups were observed. At the species level, Bifidobacterium catenulatum levels were significantly lower (6 ± 0.6 vs 19 ± 2.5, P < 0.001) in the IBS patients in both fecal and duodenal brush samples than in healthy subjects.CONCLUSION: Decreased bifidobacteria levels in both fecal and duodenal brush samples of IBS patients compared to healthy subjects indicate a role for microbiotic composition in IBS pathophysiology. | Angèle PM Kerckhoffs Melvin Samsom Michel E van der Rest Joris de Vogel Jan Knol Kaouther Ben-Amor Louis MA Akkermans | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，23： | 33 |
| 9 | 高速公路汽车辅助驾驶安全换道模型显示文摘为解决高速公路行车危险状态下驾驶员有意识换道过程中发生的车辆碰撞等交通事故问题,在前期研究车道偏离预警的基础上.针对确立的典型换道场景,建立了更加符合实际的基于换道过程中车辆加速行为的安全换道模型,并借助Matlab软件开发的仿真程序对建立的模型进行了仿真分析。结果表明,本文建立的模型具有较好的实用性,可为进一步建立车辆安全换道辅助系统奠定基础。 | 金立生 Bartvan Arem 杨双宾 Mascha van der Voort Martijn Tideman | 2009 | 吉林大学学报(工学版)2009，39，3： | 27 |
| 10 | 青藏高原西北缘晚新生代的隆升特征——来自西昆仑山前盆地的沉积学证据显示文摘对西昆仑北缘山前盆地新生代沉积特征的研究结果表明,沿西昆仑山前发育的各沉积序列的垂向特征相似:古新世—中新世早期为石膏层、含瓣腮化石的石灰岩和紫红色较细粒的碎屑岩沉积,指示了海相和海陆过渡相较平静的沉积环境;中新世晚期—上新世初期开始出现陆相磨拉石,指示了陆相非平静的沉积环境,砾石的直径由下至上呈增大趋势,可能反映了西昆仑山体不断隆升,其间相对稳定的层段可能是构造运动间歇期或平稳期的沉积,指示了脉动式的隆升模式;磨拉石底部砾石的成分以沉积岩为主,向上火成岩和变质岩砾石逐渐增多,表明剥蚀程度不断加深。根据磨拉石建造的特征,判断剥蚀量和剥蚀强度自西向东有减小和变弱的趋势,可能暗示了西昆仑山晚新生代隆升有自西向东由强变弱的过渡特征。该结论与本区构造地貌学的研究结果一致。 | 司家亮 李海兵 Laurie BARRIER Jerome VAN DER WOERD 孙知明 裴军令 潘家伟 | 2007 | 地质通报2007，26，10： | 28 |
| 11 | 世界胃肠病学组织全球指南——发展中国家幽门螺杆菌感染显示文摘世界上有一半人口感染幽门螺杆菌(H.pylori),其感染率因地理位置、种族、年龄和社会经济状况不同而存在很大差异.在发展中国家较高.发达国家较低。但总体而言,近年世界许多地区的H.pylori感染率均呈下降趋势。 | Hunt RH Xiao SD Megraud F Leon-Barua R Bazzoli F van der Merwe S Vaz Coelho LG Fock M Fedail S Cohen H Malfertheiner P Vakil N Hamid S Goh KL Wong BCY Krabshuis J Le Mair A 杜颖 戴宁 | 2011 | 胃肠病学2011，16，7： | 27 |
| 12 | The effect of the substrate on the Raman and photoluminescence emission of single-layer MoS2显示文摘 | Michele Buscema Gary A. Steele Herre S. J. van der Zant &ndres Castellanos-Gomez | 2014 | Nano Research2014，7，4： | 28 |
| 13 | Drug resistance and new therapies in colorectal cancer显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage when tumor cell dissemination has taken place. Chemo-and targeted therapies provide only a limited increase of overall survival for these patients. The major reason for clinical outcome finds its origin in therapy resistance. Escape mechanisms to both chemo-and targeted therapy remain the main culprits. Here, we evaluate major resistant mechanisms and elaborate on potential new therapies. Amongst promising therapies is α-amanitin antibodydrug conjugate targeting hemizygous p53 loss. It becomes clear that a dynamic interaction with the tumor microenvironment exists and that this dictates therapeutic outcome. In addition, CRC displays a limited response to checkpoint inhibitors, as only a minority of patients with microsatellite instable high tumors is susceptible. In this review, we highlight new developments with clinical potentials to augment responses to checkpoint inhibitors. | Kevin Van der Jeught Han-Chen Xu Yu-Jing Li Xiong-Bin Lu Guang Ji | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，34： | 21 |
| 14 | 应用振型叠加方法研究1997年11月8日中国西藏玛尼地震震源机制显示文摘利用包括长周期体波、Rayleigh波和Love波在内的三分向波形记录,根据PREM模型应用自由振荡振型叠加方法计算理论地震图,反演1997年11月8日西藏玛尼Ms7.9地震的矩张量.获得的最佳双力偶的节面解为:NP1(走向343°,倾角76°,滑动角-177°),NP2(走向252°,倾角87°,滑动角-13°);地震矩为1.43×1020 Nm,Mw为7.4.其结果与哈佛大学的CMT解较一致.地震的发震断层面为北东东近东西方向,断层性质主要为左旋走滑断层,与地质背景、应力场特征相符合.研究使用的是适用于区域性地震的矩张量快速确定的方法,可以用来对区域性的地震活动给出准确而快速的监测. | 高原 Suzan Van Der Lee Domenico Giardini Jochen Braunmiller 郑斯华 | 2001 | 地球物理学报2001，44，z1： | 19 |
| 15 | 氧化磷酸化与糖酵解:精子以何种途径获取能量?显示文摘精子为高度特异性的细胞,提供精子重要功能的主要能源一一三磷酸腺苷(ATP)主要通过两种代谢途径形成,即糖酵解和氧化磷酸化(OXPHOS)。ATP除了在精子的头部和鞭毛的主段通过糖酵解的方式产生外,在线粒体主要通过OXPHOS的方式产生。然而,在精子成功受精的过程中主要以何种方式产生ATP具有很大的差异性。与糖酵解相比,线粒体呼吸被认为是一种更有效的ATP合成代谢过程。然而,研究表明ATP从线粒体到精子鞭毛末端的扩散电位不足以支持精子的运动,这表明糖酵解是精子尾部区域主要的获能方式。多项研究表明虽然糖酵解是鞭毛产生ATP的主要方式,但是,精子运动所需要的能量主要还是来自于线粒体的呼吸。有些研究表明当糖酵解受到抑制的时候,精子仍能维持其正常的运动和功能,虽然目前尚未明确这种运动是否能持续足够长的时间,是否能够达到有效受精。本文主要目的是对哺乳动物精子能量的代谢进行综述,分析人类精子在受精的过程中以何种ATP代谢途径作为主要的能量供应方式。 | Stefan S du Plessis Ashok Agarwal Gayatri Mohanty Michelle van der Linde | 2015 | Asian Journal of Andrology2015，17，2： | 19 |
| 16 | Global and Regional Surface Nitrogen Balances in Intensive Agricultural Production Systems for the Period 1970-2030显示文摘Global nitrogen (N) budgets for intensive agricultural systems were compiled for a 0.5 by 0.5 degree resolution. These budgets include N inputs (N fertilizer, animal manure, biological N fixation and atmospheric N deposition) and outputs (N removal from the field in harvested crops and grass and grass consumption by grazing animals, ammonia volatilization,denitrification and leaching). Data for the historical years 1970 and 1995 and a projection for 2030 were used to study changes in the recovery of N and the different loss terms for intensive agricultural systems. The results indicate that the overall system N recovery and fertilizer use efficiency slowly increased in the industrialized countries between 1970 and 1995, the values for developing countries have decreased in the same period. For the coming three decades our results indicate a rapid increase in both the industrialized and developing countries. High values of > 80% for fertilizer use efficiency may be related to surface N balance deficits, implying a depletion of soil N and loss of soil fertility. The projected intensification in most developing countries will cause a gradual shift from deficits to surpluses in the coming decades.The projected fast growth of crop and livestock production, and intensification and associated increase in fertilizer inputs will cause a major increase in the surface N balance surplus in the coming three decades. This implies increasing losses of N compounds to air (ammonia, nitrous oxide and nitric oxide), and groundwater and surface water (nitrate). | A. F. BOUWMAN G.Van DRECHT K. W. Van der HOEK | 2005 | Pedosphere2005，15，2： | 17 |
| 17 | 大地测量观测和相对海平面联合约束的冰川均衡调整模型显示文摘利用大地测量和历史相对海平面变化数据,结合地震剪切波层析模型,联合确定了新的末次冰期冰川均衡调整(GIA)模型,其中地慢黏滞度不仅沿径向而且沿横向变化.研究思路是,先尝试性地选择比例系数β,利用与地震剪切波速异常的线性关系,计算地幔黏滞度横向扰动,并与横向均匀的黏滞度参考模型叠加给出3D地慢黏滞度模型;再利用耦合拉普拉斯方程的有限元法算法进行GIA预测;然后,重复该过程,直到预测与观测之间的吻合满意为止.主要结论有:(1)给出了横向非均匀的地幔黏滞度模型(RF3L20(β=0.4)),发现了黏滞度显著的横向非均匀性和其对GIA预测的显著影响,指出横向非均匀不完全是由热效应引起的,可能还与化学组分等其他因素有关,该模型可用于地慢动力学研究.(2)给出了全球现今多种GIA预测速率,可为板块运动、陆地水储量、海水质量变化和冰川冰雪质量非平衡监测提供重要的改正. | 汪汉胜 WU Patrick van der Wal Wouter 贾路路 胡波 王志勇 | 2009 | 地球物理学报2009，52，10： | 17 |
| 18 | Laparoscopic versus open surgery for rectal cancer (COLOR II): short-term outcomes of a randomised, phase 3 trial显示文摘 | Martijn HGM van der Pas Eva Haglind Miguel A Cuesta Alois Fürst Antonio M Lacy Wim CJ Hop Hendrik Jaap Bonjer | 2013 | Lancet Oncology2013，，： | 17 |
| 19 | Evolving management of colorectal cancer显示文摘This article reviews recent advances in surgical techniques and adjuvant therapies for colorectal cancer, including total mesorectal excision, the resection of liver and lung metastasis and advances in chemoradiation and foreshadows some interventions that may lie just beyond the frontier. In particular, little is known about the intracellular and extracellular cascades that may influence colorectal cancer cell adhesion and metastasis. Although the phosphorylation of focal adhesion kinases and focal adhesion associated proteins in response to integrin-mediated cell matrix binding ('outside in integrin signaling') is well described, the stimulation of cell adhesion by intracellular signals activated by pressure prior to adhesion represents a different signal paradigm. However, several studies have suggested that increased pressure and shear stress activate cancer cell adhesion. Further studies of the pathways that regulate integrin-driven cancer cell adhesion may identify ways to disrupt these signals or block integrin-mediated adhesion so that adhesion and eventual metastasis can be prevented in the future. | Jochem van der Voort van Zijp Harald J Hoekstra Marc D Basson | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，25： | 16 |
| 20 | Two-fluid modeling of Geldart A particles in gas-fluidized beds显示文摘We have investigated the effect of cohesion and drag models on the bed hydrodynamics of Geldart A particles based on the two-fluid (TF) model. For a high gas velocity U0 = 0.03 m/s, we found a transition from the homogeneous fluidization to bubbling fluidization with an increase of the coefficient C1, which is used to account for the contribution of cohesion to the excess compressibility. Thus cohesion can play a role in the bed expansion of Geldart A particles. Apart from cohesion, we have also investigated the influence of the drag models. When using the Wen and Yu drag correlation with an exponent n = 4.65, we find an under-prediction of the bed expansion at low gas velocities (U0 = 0.009 m/s). When using a larger exponent (n = 9.6), as reported in experimental studies of gas-fluidization, a much better agreement with the experimental bed expansion is obtained. These findings suggest that at low gas velocity, a scale-down of the commonly used drag model is required. On the other hand, a scale-up of the commonly used drag model is necessary at high gas velocity (U0 = 0.2 and 0.06 m/s). We therefore conclude that scaling the drag force represent only an ad hoc way of repairing the deficiencies of the TF model, and that a far more detailed study is required into the origin of the failure of the TF model for simulating fluidized beds of fine powders. | M.A. van der Hoef J.A.M. Kuipers | 2008 | Particuology2008，6，6： | 16 |
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