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| 1 | Development of a New Index for Integrating Landscape Patterns with Ecological Processes at Watershed Scale显示文摘Understanding the relationship between landscape patterns and ecological processes has been a central yet challenging research theme in landscape ecology. Over the past decades,many landscape metrics have been proposed but few directly incorporated ecological processes. In this paper,we developed a landscape index,namely,location-weighted landscape index(LWLI) to highlight the role of landscape type in ecological processes,such as nutrient losses and soil erosion. Within the framework of the Lorenz curve theory,we develop this index by integrating landscape pattern and point-based measurements at a watershed scale. The index can be used to characterize the contribution of landscape pattern to ecological processes(e.g. nutrient losses) with respect to a specific monitoring point in a watershed. Through a case study on nutrient losses in an agricultural area in northeastern China,we found that nutrient losses tended to be higher for a watershed with a higher LWLI value,and vice versa. It implied that LWLI can be used to evaluate the potential risk of nutrient losses or soil erosion by comparing their values across watersheds. In addition,this index can be extended to characterize ecological processes,such as the effect of landscape pattern on wildlife inhabitation and urban heat island effect. Finally,we discuss several problems that should be paid attention to when applying this index to a heterogeneous landscape site. | CHEN Liding TIAN Huiying FU Bojie ZHAO Xinfeng | 2009 | Chinese Geographical Science2009，19，1： | 38 |
| 2 | A proposal for the theoretical analysis of the interactive coupled effects between urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations显示文摘Mega-urban agglomerations are strategic core areas for national economic development and the main regions of new urbanization. They also have important roles in shifting the global economic center of gravity to China. However, the development of mega-urban agglomerations has triggered the interactive coercion between resources and the eco-environment. The interactive coupled effects between urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations represent frontier and high-priority research topics in the field of Earth system science over the next decade. In this paper, we carried out systematic theoretical analysis of the interactive coupling mechanisms and coercing effects between urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations. In detail, we analyzed the nonlinear-coupled relationships and the coupling characteristics between natural and human elements in mega-urban agglomerations. We also investigated the interactive coercion intensities between internal and external elements, and the mechanisms and patterns of local couplings and telecouplings in mega-urban agglomeration systems, which are affected by key internal and external control elements. In addition, we proposed the interactive coupling theory on urbanization and the eco-environment in mega-urban agglomerations. Furthermore, we established a spatiotemporal dynamic coupling model with multi-element, multi-scale, multi-scenario, multi-module and multi-agent integrations, which can be used to develop an intelligent decision support system for sustainable development of mega-urban agglomerations. In general, our research may provide theoretical guidance and method support to solve problems related to mega-urban agglomerations and maintain their sustainable development. | FANG Chuanglin ZHOU Chenghu GU Chaolin CHEN Liding LI Shuangcheng | 2017 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2017，27，12： | 36 |
| 3 | The effect of land use structure on the distribution of soil nutrients in the hilly area of the Loess Plateau,China显示文摘The irrational land use is one of the main reasons for the soil erosion and nutrient loss in the loess hilly area of China. In this project, 4 types of typical land use structure of sustain ment for about 15 years in the loess hill slope are selected to study the effect of land use structure on the distribution of soil nutrients. From hill bottom to hill top, the patterns of land use types are:, grassland-slope farmland-forest, slope farmland-grassland-forest, terrace-grassland-forest and slope farmland-forest-grassland. By measuring the contents of the total N, total P, available N, available P and organic matter of soils, the results show that the land use structure types of slope farmland-grassland-forest and terrace-grassland-forest have a better capacity to maintain the soil nutrients. | Bojie Fu Keming Ma Huafeng Zhou Liding Chen | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，8： | 32 |
| 4 | A MULTISCALE SOIL LOSS EVALUATION INDEX显示文摘Exploring the relationships between land use and soil erosion at different scales is a fron-tier research field and a hot spot topic in contempo-rary physical geography. Based on the scale-pattern-process theory in landscape ecology and with consideration of such influential factors as land use, topography, soil and rainfall, this paper ap-plies the scale transition method to establishing a soil loss evaluation index at different scales and puts forward a research path and methodology for mul-tiscale soil loss evaluation indices. The multiscale soil loss evaluation index is applied to the evaluation of relationships between land use and soil erosion and the research of soil erosion evaluation at multiple scales. It provides a new method for optimizing the design of regional land use patterns and integrated multiscale research. | FU Bojie ZHAO Wenwu CHEN Liding Lü Yihe WANG De | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，4： | 22 |
| 5 | Soil contamination with antibiotics in a typical peri-urban area in eastern China: Seasonal variation, risk assessment, and microbial responses显示文摘The prevalence and persistence of antibiotics in soils has become an emerging environmental issue and an increasing threat to soil security and global public health. The problem is more severe in areas undergoing rapid urbanization; however, the ecological risks of antibiotics,seasonal variability, and associated soil microbial responses in peri-urban soils have not been well-explored. The seasonal soil sampling campaigns were conducted in a typical peri-urban watershed in eastern China to investigate distribution of antibiotics. The results demonstrated higher mean concentrations of most antibiotic compounds in winter than in summer in periurban soils. The seasonal variations of norfloxacin, enrofloxacin, and ciprofloxacin were more significant than those of other antibiotics, due to their higher migration ability and bioavailability.An ecological risk assessment demonstrated that chlortetracycline, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline,and ofloxacin can pose high risks to soil microorganisms. Furthermore, the coexistence of multiple antibiotics obviously poses higher risks than individual compounds. A redundancy analysis demonstrated that tetracyclines mainly showed negative correlations with Firmicutes and Chloroflexi, and quinolones showed obviously negative correlations with Acidobacteria,Gemmatimonadetes, and Nitrospirae, suggesting potential inhibition from antibiotics on biological activities or biodegradation processes. However, the persistence of antibiotics in soil results in a significant decrease in bacterial diversity and a change in dominant species.Our results provide an overview of the seasonal variability of antibiotics and the associated effects on bacterial communities in peri-urban soils. The results can provide scientific guidance on decreasing soil contamination with antibiotics to enhance soil security in similar areas. | Fangkai Zhao Lei Yang Liding Chen Qian Xiang Shoujuan Li Long Sun Xinwei Yu Li Fang | 2019 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2019，31，5： | 19 |
| 6 | Identification on threshold and efficiency of rainfall replenishment to soil water in semi-arid loess hilly areas显示文摘As one critical source of water for maintaining ecosystems in arid and semi-arid regions, rainfall replenishment to soil water can determine vegetation growth and ecosystem functions. However, the limited rainfall resources were often not used effectively in the semi-arid loess hilly areas due to random temporal and spatial distribution of rainfall and specific vegetation features. Thus, it is highly significant to determine the threshold and efficiency of rainfall replenishment to soil water under different vegetation types. The threshold and efficiency can offer scientific evidence for rehabilitating vegetation and improving efficiency of using rainfall resources. In this study, the efficiency and threshold of rainfall replenishment to soil water were determined under natural grassland, wheat, artificial grassland, sea buckthorn shrubland and Chinese pine forestland based on consecutive measurements. The results indicated that the lag-time, rate, efficiency of rainfall replenishment to soil water were closely related to vegetation type, with significant differences existing among different vegetation types. The lag-time for natural grassland in the soil horizon of 20 cm was the shortest one(26.4 h), followed by wheat(27.8 h), sea buckthorn(41.8 h), artificial grassland(50.0 h) and Chinese pine(81.8 h).The value of replenishment rate, followed the order of wheat(0.40 mm h^(-1))> natural grassland(0.30 mm h(-1))> sea buckthorn(0.17 mm h(-1))> artificial grassland(0.14 mm h(-1))> Chinese pine(0.09 mm h(-1)). As for the efficiency of rainfall replenishment to soil water, natural grassland was the most efficient one(35.1%), followed by wheat(29.2%), sea buckthorn(16.8%), artificial grassland(11.5%), Chinese pine(4.2%). At last, it was found that wheat had the lowest threshold(6.8 mm) of rainfall replenishment to soil water, which was followed by natural grassland(10.5 mm), sea buckthorn(20.5 mm), artificial grassland(22.6 mm) and Chinese pine(26.4 mm). These results implied that soil water in natural grassland was sensitive to rainfall and easily to be replenished, while soil water in Chinese pine was harder to be replenished by rainfall compared to other vegetation types. | Lei YANG Handan ZHANG Liding CHEN | 2018 | Science China Earth Sciences2018，61，3： | 17 |
| 7 | The seasonal variations of δ^(18)O , Cl^- , Na^+ ,NO_3^- and Ca^(2+) in the snow and firn recovered from Princess Elizabeth Land, Antarctica显示文摘Snow and firn samples recovered from two snow pits (2.5 and 4.5m deep) and one 50-m firn core along the route of the 1996/1997 Chinese First Antarctic Inland Traverse Expedition in Princess Elizabeth Land, East Antarctica, have been measured for chemical composition and oxygen isotope ratio. In the two snow pits, the variations of NO3- are partly in phase with that of δ18O, while the variations of Cl- and Na+ are in inverse phase with that of δ18O. | LI Zhongqin, ZHANG Mingjun, QIN Dahe, XIAO Cunde, TIAN Lide KANG Jiancheng and LI Jun Lanzhou Institute of Glaciology and Geocryology , Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China Chinese Institute of Polar Research, Shanghai 200129, China Antarctic CRC and Australian Antarctic Division , Hobart, Australia Corresponding author | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，24： | 17 |
| 8 | Recent area and ice volume change of Kangwure Glacier in the middle of Himalayas显示文摘This paper calculated and evaluated the area and ice volume changes of Kangwure Glacier in Mt.Xixiabangma,middle of Himalayas in the past 3 decades,based on the field survey of glacier boundary position by differential GPS and glacier depth by Ground Penetrating Radar(GPR),together with the topographic map and remote sense data.The studied data showed that the Kangwure Glacier has experienced significant mass deficit since the 1970s,with 34.2%of area loss,48.2%ofice volume loss and 7.5 m of average thickness decrease.This result revealed that the ice volume loss of Himalayan glaciers was more serious than expected.Analysis of meteorological data from two weather stations in the region of Mt.Xixiabangma,shows that the air temperature of this region has risen from the middle of the 20th century to the beginning of the 21st century.Significant retreat of Himalayas glacier driven by climatic warming will have a remarkable impact on hydrology and ecosystem. | MA LingLong TIAN LiDe PU JianChen WANG PengLing | 2010 | Chinese Science Bulletin2010，55，20： | 17 |
| 9 | Relationship between显示文摘 | TIAN Lide | 2001 | Science China Earth Sciences2001，44，9： | 15 |
| 10 | Glucagon-like peptide-1 activates endothelial nitric oxide synthase in human umbilical vein endothelial cells显示文摘目的: 在 endothelial 上调查象 glucagon 一样 peptide-1 (GLP-1 ) 的效果在人的脐的静脉 endothelial 房间(HUVEC ) 的没有 synthase (eNOS ) ,并且阐明 GLP-1 受体(GLP-1R ) 和 GLP-1 (9-36 ) 是否涉及这些,完成。 | LiDing JinZhang | 2012 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2012，33，1： | 15 |
| 11 | Atmospheric Pb variations in Central Asia since 1955 from Muztagata ice core record, eastern Pamirs显示文摘A Muztagata ice core recovered at 7010 m altitude in East Pamirs provides a Pb concentration record from 1955 to 2000. The result reveals in- creasing Pb concentrations from 1955 to 1993, with two Pb concentration peaks in 1980 and 1993. After 1993, Pb concentrations in ice core show an obvi- ously declining trend. Analysis shows that the lead in the Muztagata ice core mainly came from anthropo- genic emissions from countries in Central Asia, while the local emission had little contribution. | LI Zhen YAO Tandong TIAN Lide XU Baiqing LI Yuefang | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，16： | 12 |
| 12 | Oxygen isotope variation in the water cycle of the Yamzho Lake Basin in southern Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Given the potential use of stable isotope in the paleoclimate reconstruction from lacustrine records as well as in the local hydrology cycle, it is crucial to understand the processes of stable isotope evolution in catchment in the Tibetan Plateau region. Here we present a detailed study on the water oxygen isotope based on 2 years observation including precipitation, river water and lake water in the Yamzho Lake, south of the Tibetan Plateau. Temporal variation of local precipitation δ18O shows an apparent 'monsoon cycle'. In monsoon season, δ18O in waters is lower. In non-monsoon season, δ18O in precipitation and lake water is higher and higher river δ18O exists in spring, probably reflecting the effect of land surface evaporation, together with the higher δ18O values in spring precipitation. It is also found that the surface lake water δ18O varies seasonally and annually. The lower lake water δ18O in the late summer is apparently related to the summer monsoon precipitation. The mean δ18O value of lake water in 2007 is 1.2‰ higher than that in 2004, probably due to the less monsoon precipitation in summer of 2007, as can be confirmed from the precipitation data at the Langkazi meteorological data. It is also found that an obvious shift of vertical lake water δ18O reflects the fast mixture of lake water. δ18O values of lake water are over 10‰ higher than those of precipitation and river water in this region due to the evaporation fractionation. The modeled results show that the evaporation process of the lake water is sensitive to relative humidity, and the present lake water δ18O reflects a relative humidity of 51% in the Yamzho Lake. It shows that the lake will take 30.5 years to reach present lake water δ18O given a large shift in the input water δ18O. The modeled results also reveal that surface lake water temperature and inflow δ18O have slight effect on the isotopic balance process of lake water in the Yamzho Lake. | GAO Jing TIAN LiDe LIU YongQin GONG TongLiang | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，16： | 12 |
| 13 | The altitude effect of ^(18)δO in precipitation and river water in the Southern Himalayas显示文摘The lapse rate of water isotopes is used in the study of the hydrologic cycle as well as in the estimation of uplift of the Tibetan Plateau.The greater elevation contrast in the Southern Himalayas allows for a detailed discussion about this lapse rate.We analyze variations of 18δO in precipitation and river water between 1320 m and 6700 m elevations in the Southern Himalayas,and calculate the specific lapse rate of water 18δO.The results show that the multi-year average lapse rate in precipitation over this region is 0.15‰/100 m.The one-year average lapse rate is 0.17‰/100 m from three sites along the Southern Himalayas.The two results agree,but are much lower than the global average of 0.28‰/100 m.This work also shows that there is a difference in precipitation 18δO lapse rate between the monsoon and non-monsoon seasons.The calculated precipitation lapse rate is much lower than that in surface water. | WEN Rong TIAN LiDe WENG YongBiao LIU ZhongFang ZHAO ZhongPing | 2012 | Chinese Science Bulletin2012，57，14： | 11 |
| 14 | Major advances in studies of the physical geography and living environment of China during the past 70 years and future prospects显示文摘The natural environment provides material essentials for human survival and development. The characteristics,processes, regional differentiation and forcing mechanisms of the elements of the natural environment(e.g. geomorphology,climate, hydrology, soil, etc.) are the main objects of research in physical geography. China has a complex natural environment and huge regional differentiation and therefore it provides outstanding reserach opportunities in physical geography. This review summarizes the most important developments and the main contributions of research in the physical geography and human living environment in China during the past 70 years. The major topics addressed are the uplift of the Tibetan Plateau and the evolution of its cryosphere, the development of fluvial systems, the acidification of the vast arid region of the Asian interior, variations in the monsoon and westerly climate systems on multiple timescales, the development of lakes and wetlands, the watershed system model, soil erosion, past human-environment interactions, biogeography, and physical geographic zonality. After briefly introducing international research developments, we review the history of research in physical geography in China, focusing on the major achievements and major academic debates, and finally we summarize the status of current research and the future prospects. We propose that in the context of the national demand for the construction of an ecological civilization, we should make full use of the research findings of physical geography, and determine the patterns and mechanisms of natural environmental processes in order to continue to promote the continued contribution of physical geography to national development strategies, and to further contribute to the theory of physical geography from a global perspective. | Fahu CHEN Bojie FU Jun XIA Duo WU Shaohong WU Yili ZHANG Hang SUN Yu LIU Xiaomin FANG Boqiang QIN Xin LI Tingjun ZHANG Baoyuan LIU Zhibao DONG Shugui HOU Lide TIAN Baiqing XU Guanghui DONG Jingyun ZHENG Wei YANG Xin WANG Zaijun LI Fei Wang Zhenbo HU Jie WANG Jianbao LIU Jianhui CHEN Wei HUANG Juzhi HOU Qiufang CAI Hao LONG Ming JIANG Yaxian HU Xiaoming FENG Xingguo MO Xiaoyan YANG Dongju ZHANG Xiuhong WANG Yunhe YIN Xiaochen LIU | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，11： | 11 |
| 15 | Seasonal variations of stable isotope in precipitation and moisture transport at Yushu,eastern Tibetan Plateau显示文摘Precipitation δ 18O at Yushu, eastern Tibetan Plateau, shows strong fluctuation and lack of clear seasonality. The seasonal pattern of precipitation stable isotope at Yushu is apparently different from either that of the southwest monsoon region to the south or that of the inland region to the north. This different seasonal pattern probably reflects the shift of different moisture sources. In this paper, we present the spatial comparison of the seasonal patterns of precipitation δ 18O, and calculate the moisture transport flux by using the NCAR/NCEP reanalysis data. This allows us to discuss the relation between moisture transport flux and precipitation δ 18O. This study shows that both the southwest monsoon from south and inland air mass transport from north affected the seasonal precipitation δ 18O at Yushu, eastern Tibetan Plateau. Southwest monsoon brings the main part of the moisture, but southwest transport flux is weaker than in the southern part of the Tibetan Plateau. However, contribution of the inland moisture from north or local evaporation moisture is enhanced. The combined effect is the strong fluctuation of summer precipitation δ 18O at Yushu and comparatively poor seasonality. | TIAN LiDe MA LingLong YU WuSheng LIU ZhongFang YIN ChangLiang ZHAO ZhongPing TANG Wei WANG Yu | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，8： | 9 |
| 16 | Controlled Growth of One-Dimensional Oxide Nanomaterials显示文摘这篇文章在控制生长考察最近的开发 ofone 维(1D ) 氧化物 nanomaterials 包括 ZnO, SnO_2, In_2O_3, Ga_2O_3, SiO_x, MgO, andAl_2O_3。1D 氧化物 nanomaterials 的生长在简单化学蒸汽运输和冷凝作用系统被执行。这篇文章将以许多研究人员完成的纳米技术和 1Dnanomaterials 的调查开始,然后主要与他们改变试验性的参数控制的形态学,尺寸,作文,和微观结构在 1Doxide nanomaterials 的控制生长上讨论,例如在原始资料和底层的温度,在试管炉子,全部的反应时间,炉子的加热的率,煤气的流动率,和开始的材料的温度坡度。他们在各种各样的形态学的形成的角色被分析并且讨论。最后,这评论将在这个区域的未来研究方向上与个人观点被结束。 | Xiaosheng FANG Lide ZHANG | 2006 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2006，22，1： | 8 |
| 17 | Editor’s note显示文摘In 1961, the Global Network Isotopes in Precipitation (GNIP) was operated by the IAEA in collaboration with WMO, and over 500 stations across the globe participated in this program. The initial objective of this program was the sys- | YAO TanDong & TIAN LiDe Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes, Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Sciences, Cold and Arid Regions Environment and Engineering Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China | 2009 | Chinese Science Bulletin2009，54，16： | 8 |
| 18 | Isotopic composition of atmospheric water vapor before and after the monsoon's end in the Nagqu River Basin显示文摘Atmospheric water vapor samples were col-lected in the Nagqu River Basin in the middle of Tibetan Plateau between August and October in 2004. Results show that there exist some fluctuations of the δ 18O of atmospheric water vapor, especially before and after the monsoon’s end. Moreover, the variety trend of the δ 18O of atmospheric water vapor inverse correlates with that of dew point. Precipitation events make an important effect upon the variation of δ 18O of atmospheric water vapor. During the whole sampling pe-riod, the δ 18O values of atmospheric water vapor are low while precipitation events occurred. The moisture origins also contribute to the variation of δ 18O of atmospheric water vapor. The oceanic moisture transported by the southwest monsoon results in lower δ18O of atmospheric water vapor in the Nagqu River Basin. Compared with the influence of the oceanic moisture, the δ 18O values, however, appear high re-sulting from the effect of the continental air mass in this re-gion. | YU Wusheng YAO Tandong TIAN Lide WANG Yu YIN Changliang | 2005 | Chinese Science Bulletin2005，50，23： | 7 |
| 19 | A new type of ice formation zone found in the Himalayas显示文摘Ice formation was studied on the Dasuopu Glacier located in the Mount Xixabangma (28°23’ N, 85°43’E) in the Himalayas. Snow pits and shallow ice cores are analyzed to reveal ice formation process. The results show that the ice formation process, or in other words, the process of densitification, on the col (7 000 m a.s.l. ) of the Dasuopu Glacier is a stable, slow and gradual process. The snow-ice transformation on the glacier is estimated to be 30—40 m below the surface. The temperature on the Dasuopu Glacier is very low (~ - 14℃ at 10 m) and similar to that in polar type ice cap. We,therefore, speculate that the process of snow-ice transformation is undertaken under snow pressure,and that there is a percolation zone on the Dasuopu Glacier. The high altitude of the col and monsoon snow fall accompnied by heavy cloud and high albedo favorite the percolation zone formation. | Tandong Yao Jianchen Pu Ninlian Wang Lide Tian | 1999 | Chinese Science Bulletin1999，44，5： | 7 |
| 20 | Fractionation mechanism of stable isotope in evaporating water body显示文摘Under Rayleigh equilibrium condition, stable isotopic ratio in residual water increases with the decrease of the residual water proportion f exponentially, and the fractionation rate of stable isotopes is inversely proportional to temperature. However, under kinetic evaporation condition, the fractionation of stable isotopes is not only related to the phase temperature but also influenced by the atmospheric humidity and the mass exchange between liquid and vapor phases. The ratio δin residual water will not change with f after undergoing evaporation of a long time for great relative humidity. The rate that the evaporating water body reaches isotopic steady state is mainly dependent on the relative humidity in atmosphere. The analysis shows that the actual mean linear variety rates, about -30.0, of the δ18O in residual water versus the residual water proportion at Nagqu and Amdo stations are consistent with the simulated process under temperature of 20 oC and relative humidity of 50%. The distillation line simulated under Rayleigh equilibrium condition is analogous to the global meteoric water line (MWL) as the temperature is about 20 oC. Under non-equilibrium condition, the slope and constant values of distillation line are directly proportional to temperature and relative humidity. According to the basic data, the simulated distillation line is very consistent with the actual distillation line of Qinghai Lake. | ZHANG Xinping TIAN Lide LIU Jingmiao | 2005 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2005，15，3： | 7 |
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