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| 1 | Effects of N Forms and Rates on Vegetable Growth and Nitrate Accumulation显示文摘Experiments were carried out on a vegetable field with Peking cabbage (Brassica pekinensis (Lour.)Rupr.), cabbage (Brassica chinensis var. Oleifera Makino and nemoto), green cabbage (Brassica chinensis L.), spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and rape (Brassica campestris L.) to study the effects of N forms and N rates on their growth and nitrate accumulation. The results indicated that application of ammonium chloride,ammonium nitrate, sodium nitrate and urea significantly increased the yields and nitrate concentrations of Peking cabbage and spinach. Although no significant difference was found in the yields after application of the 4 N forms, nitrate N increased nitrate accumulation in vegetables much more than ammonium N. The vegetable yields were not increased continuously with N rate increase, and oversupply of N reduced the plant growth, leading to a yield decline. This trend was also true for nitrate concentrations in some vegetables and at some sampling times. However, as a whole, the nitrate concentrations in vegetables were positively correlated with N rates. Thus, addition of N fertilizer to soil was the major cause for increases in nitrate concentrations in vegetables. Nitrate concentrations were much higher in roots, stems and petioles than in blades at any N rate. | WANG Zhao-Hui and LI Sheng-XiuCollege of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Northwestern Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100 (China). E-mail: w-zhaohui@263.net | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，4： | 54 |
| 2 | Nitrate Accumulation in Soil Profile of Dry Land Farming in Northwest China显示文摘A long-term fertilizer experiment on dry land of the Loess Plateau, northwest China, has been conducted since 1984 to study the distribution and accumulation of NO3-N down to a depth of 400 cm in the profile of a coarse-textured dark loessial soil after continuous winter wheat cropping. Thirteen fertilizer treatments consisted of four levels of N and P applied alone or in combination. Annual N and P (P2O5) rates were 0,45, 90, 135 and 180 kg ha-1. After 15 successive cropping cycles, the soil samples were taken from each treatment for analysis of NO3-N concentration. The results showed that NO3-N distribution in the soil profile was quite different among the treatments. The application of fertilizer N alone resulted in higher NO3-N concentration in the soil profile than the combined application of N and P, showing that application of P could greatly reduce the NO3-N accumulation. With an annual application of 180 kg N ha-1 alone, a peak in NO3-N accumulation occurred at 140 cm soil depth, and the maximum NO3-N concentration in the soils was 67.92 mg kg-1. The amount of NO3-N accumulated in the soil profile decreased as the cumulative N uptake by the winter wheat increased. Application of a large amount of N resulted in lower N recoveries in winter wheat and greater NO3-N accumulation in soil profile. NO3-N did not enter underground water in the study region; therefore, there is no danger of underground water pollution. Amount of NO3-N accumulation can be predicted by an equation according to annual N and P rates based on the results of this experiment. | FAN Jun, HAO Ming-De and SHAO Ming-AnState Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100 (China). | 2003 | Pedosphere2003，13，4： | 25 |
| 3 | Dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ) reduction characteristics of paddy soil extract cultures treated with glucose or fatty acids显示文摘Dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ) reduction is a universal process with irreplaceable biological and environmental importance in anoxic environments. Our knowledge about Fe(Ⅲ) reduction predominantly comes from pure cultures of dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ) reducing bacteria (DFRB). The objective of this study was to compare the effects of glucose and a selection of short organic acids (citrate, succinate, pyruvate, propionate, acetate, and formate) on Fe(Ⅲ) reduction via the anaerobic culture of three paddy soil solutions with Fe(OH)3 as the sole electron acceptor. The results showed significant differences in Fe(Ⅲ) reduction among the three paddy soil solutions and substrate types. Bacteria from the Sichuan paddy soil responded quickly to substrate supply and showed higher Fe(Ⅲ) reducing activity than the other two soil types. Bacteria in the Jiangxi paddy soil culture solution could not use propionate as a source of electrons for Fe(Ⅲ) reduction. Similarly, bacteria in the Jilin paddy soil culture could not use succinate effectively. Pyruvate was readily used by cultures from all three paddy soil solutions, thus indicating that there were some similarities in substrate utilization by bacteria for Fe(Ⅲ) reduction. The use of glucose and citrate as substrate for dissimilatory Fe(Ⅲ) reduction indicates important ecological implications for this type of anoxic respiration. | HE Jiangzhou1,2, QU Dong1, 1. College of Resources and Environment, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.2. Xinjiang Production & Construction Corps Key Laboratory of Protection and Utilization of Biological Resources in Tarim Basin, Tarim University, Alar, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang 843300, China | 2008 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2008，20，9： | 24 |
| 4 | Hydrogen peroxide-induced changes in intracellular pH of guard cells precede stomatal closure显示文摘Epidermal bioassay demonstrated that benzylamine, a membrane-permeable weak base, can mimick hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) to induce stomatal closure, and butyric acid, a membrane-permeable weak acid, can partly abolish the H2O2-induced stomatal closure. Confocal pH mapping with the probe 5-(and-6)- carboxy seminaphthorhodafluor- 1 - acetoxymethylester (SNARF-1-AM) revealed that H2O2 leads to rapid changes in cytoplasmic and vacuolar pH in guard cells of Viola faba L, i. e. alkalinization of cytoplasmic areas occur red in parallel with a decrease of the vacuolar pH, and that butyric acid pretreatment can abolish alkalinization of cytoplasmic areas and acidification of vacuolar areas of guard cells challenged with H2O2. These results imply that the alkalinization of cytoplasm via efflux of cytosol protons into the vacuole in guard cells challenged with H2O2 is important at an early stage in the signal cascade leading to stomatal closure. | ZHANG XIAO, FA CAI DONG, JUN FENG GAO, CHUN PENG SONG (Department of Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng 475001, China) (College of Life Sciences, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China) | 2001 | Cell Research2001，11，1： | 24 |
| 5 | Carbon isotope ratios of C_(4) plants in loess areas of North China显示文摘Carbon isotope ratios (δ 13C) of 89 C4 plant samples were determined from the loess area in North China. δ 13C values vary between –10.5‰ and –14.6‰ with a mean of –12.6‰. Along a pre-cipitation gradient from the semi-moist area to the semiarid area, then to the arid area, the δ 13C val-ues of C4 plants show a slight decreasing trend. The δ 13C values of C4 plants in the dry season are found lower than those in the wet season. These trends are opposite to those observed for C3 spe-cies. | WANG Guoan1,2,3, HAN Jiamao 2, ZHOU Liping3, XIONG Xiaogang4, TAN Ming2, WU Zhenhai5 & PENG Jun6 1. Department of Plant Nutrition, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China 2. Institute of Geology and Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China 3. College of Environmental Sciences, MOE Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China 4. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100093, China 5. Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China 6. Network Center, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，1： | 16 |
| 6 | Critical slope gradient for compulsory abandonment of farmland on the hilly Loess Plateau显示文摘Scientific evidence for the upper limit of farmland is proposed. Shallow gully erosion is one of erosion types distributed extensively on sloping farmland in the hilly regions of the Loess Plateau. Field observation and aerial photos interpretation, as well as laboratory experiments show that the shallow gully erosion occurring on the steeper farmland in the hilly regions of the Loess Plateau is an important factor leading to intensive erosion on slope, because of its extensive distribution and intensive runoff collection. The data on the formation, development and distribution of shallow gullies on sloping farmland indicate that critical slope gradient for shallow gully initiation ranges from 15 to 20 degrees with an average of 18.2 degrees. Therefore, it is suggested that critical slope gradient for compulsory abandonment of farmland on the hilly Loess Plateau should be kept within the critical slope gradient for shallow gully initiation to prevent shallow gully formation in order to control soil loss more effectively. But as the first step, the cultivation on the slopes with slope larger than 25 degrees where the maximum erosion occurs should be strictly forbidden. | TANG Keli+1, ZHANG Keli 1,2 and LEI Aling 1,3 1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100, China 2. Department of Hydraulic Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 3. Water Resources C | 1998 | Chinese Science Bulletin1998，43，5： | 16 |
| 7 | Quantitative analysis of soil pores under natural vegetation successions on the Loess Plateau显示文摘Soil pore is a key attribute of the soil structure that affects soil reservoir under natural vegetation recovery on the Loess Plateau.This study is to quantitatively analyze soil pore parameters,measured with Computed Tomography(CT) at 15-57 mm depths under five different vegetation succession stages using a concept of substituting 'space' for 'time' in the Ziwuling Forest Region of the Loess Plateau.The results showed that the soil pore parameters,such as pore number,porosity,circularity,and fractal dimension,increased significantly under the natural vegetation successions and varied with the pattern climax community stage>pioneering arbor community stage>scrub community stage>herbaceous community stage>abandoned farmland stage,indicating that natural vegetation recovery could remarkably improve soil pore characteristics.With the vegetation succession,this positive effect will be strengthened gradually,which means that the soil pore parameters may appear to be best at the climax community stage.Soil organic matter content increased linearly with the soil pore parameters(P<0.001).Increased organic matter accumulation was one of the major reasons for the changes in soil pore characteristics in natural vegetation succession. | ZHAO ShiWei1,ZHAO YongGang1,2 & WU JinShui3 1 State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University,Yangling 712100,China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China 3 Institute of Subtropical Agriculture,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Changsha 410125,China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，4： | 14 |
| 8 | Spatial distribution of surface rock fragment on hillslopes in a small catchment in wind-water erosion crisscross region of the Loess Plateau显示文摘The cover and size distributions of surface rock fragment in hillslopes were investigated by using digital photographing and treating technique in a small catchment in wind-water erosion crisscross region of the Loess Plateau. The results indicated that the maximal cover of rock fragment was pre-sented at mid-position in steep hillslope. Rock fragment presented a general decreasing-trend along the hillslope in gentle hillslope. Rock fragment cover was positively related to gradient, rock fragment size decreased generally along the hillslope, and the size reduced with the gradient. The mean size of rock fragment was at a range of 6―20 mm in the steep hillslope, rock fragment size > 50 mm was rarely presented. The covers of rock fragment at different positions were markedly related to the quantities of rock fragment < 40 mm. The area of rock fragment of 2―50 mm accounted for 60% or more of the total area, dominating the distribution of rock fragment in the hillslopes. | ZHU YuanJun1,2 & SHAO MingAn1 1 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China 2 Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，6： | 12 |
| 9 | Neural stem cells:mechanisms and modeling显示文摘In the adult brain,neural stem cells have been found in two major niches:the hippocampus and the olfactory bulb.Neurons derived from these stem cells contribute to learning,memory,and the autonomous repair of the brain under pathological conditions.Hence,the physi-ology of adult neural stem cells has become a signifi-cant component of research on synaptic plasticity and neuronal disorders.In addition,the recently developed induced pluripotent stem cell technique provides a powerful tool for researchers engaged in the patho-logical and pharmacological study of neuronal disor-ders.In this review,we briefly summarize the research progress in neural stem cells in the adult brain and in the neuropathological application of the induced pluripotent stem cell technique. | Jun Yao Yangling Mu Fred H.Gage | 2012 | Protein & Cell2012，3，4： | 12 |
| 10 | Run off-on-out method and models for soil infiltrability on hill-slope under rainfall conditions显示文摘The soil infiltrability of hill-slope is important to such studies and practices as hydrological process, crop water supply, irrigation practices, and soil erosion. A new method for measuring soil infiltrability on hill-slope under rainfall condition with run off-on-out was advanced. Based on water (mass) balance, the mathematic models for soil infiltrability estimated from the advances of runoff on soil surface and the water running out of the slope were derived. Experiments of 2 cases were con-ducted. Case I was done under a rainfall intensity of 20 mm/h, at a slope gradient of about 0° with a runoff/on length (area) ratio of 1 : 1. Case II was under a rainfall intensity of 60 mm/h and a slope of 20° with a runoff/on length (area) ratio of 1 : 1. Double ring method was also used to measure the infiltrability for comparison purposes. The experiments were done with soil moisture of 10%. Required data were collected from laboratory experiments. The infiltrability curves were computed from the experimental data. The results indicate that the method can well conceptually represent the transient infiltrability process, with capability to simulate the very high initial soil infiltrability. The rationalities of the method and the models were validated. The errors of the method for the two cases were 1.82%/1.39% and 4.49%/3.529% (Experimental/Model) respectively, as estimated by comparing the rainfall amount with the infiltrated volume, to demonstrate the accuracy of the method. The transient and steady infiltrability measured with double ring was much lower than those with this new method, due to water supply limit and soil aggregates breaking down at initial infiltration stage. The method can overcome the short backs of the traditional sprinkler method and double ring method for soil infil-traility. It can be used to measure the infiltrability of sloped surface under rainfall-runoff-erosion condi-tions, in the related studies. | LEI Tingwu1,2, LIU Han1, PAN Yinghua3, ZHAO Jun2, ZHAO Shiwei2 & YANG Yonghui2 1. The Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineer-ing, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China 2. State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau, Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Yangling 712100, China 3. Geographic and Resources Management College, Yantai Normal University, Yantai 264025, China | 2006 | Science China Earth Sciences2006，49，2： | 11 |
| 11 | Developmental Tendency of Dry Land Farming Technologies显示文摘The developmental tendency of dry land farming technologies in the semiarid area of China were reviewed based on the overview of recent progress in dry land farming researches from China and oversea. It was emphasized that conservation tillage, limited irrigation, genetic modification and chemical control are the important aspects for the dry land farming research and development of the future. In addition, some considerations and suggestions on above-mentioned aspects were proposed in this paper. | SHAN Lun(Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resources, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, P. R . China ) | 2002 | Agricultural Sciences in China2002，1，8： | 10 |
| 12 | STUDY ON THE DYNAMIC PROCESS OF RILL EROSION OF LOESS SLOPE SURFACE显示文摘Rill erosion is a dominant process of morphological evolution of the Loess Plateau in China, and deliveries much loess sediment to rivers. Data from two flume experiments conducted on the bare and glass-covered beds indicated that the till flow develops into a series of rolling waves. The shear stress on the rill bed distributes unevenly both spatially and temporally. A new method based on the energy conservation law is proposed in this study. Thus the relationship between the runoff energy consumption from the interaction of water flow and slope bed and soil detachment is formulated. The results showed that the data for the soil detachment rate on slope (Dr) and the energy consumption of runoff (E1) fitted well with newly-developed function. The till erosion occurs when the runoff energy consumption exceeds a critical value. | Zhanbin LI 1.2 Kexin LU2 and Wenfeng DING1 1 The State key Laboratory of Loess Plateau and Dry Land Farming, 712100, Yangling, Shaanxi, P.R.China. 2 Xi’an University of Technology, 710048, Xi’an, Shaanxi, P.R.China. | 2001 | International Journal of Sediment Research2001，16，2： | 9 |
| 13 | Assessing and regulating the impacts of climate change on water resources in the Heihe watershed on the Loess Plateau of China显示文摘Climate change can cause considerable changes in water resources and assessing the potential impacts can provide important information for regional sustainable development. The objectives were to evaluate the possible impacts of climate change during 2010-2039 on water resources (runoff, soil water content, and evapotranspiration) in the Heihe watershed on the Loess Plateau of China and to further explore adaptive measures to cope with the changes. Projections of four climate models (CCSR/NIES, CGCM2, CSIRO-Mk2, and HadCM3) under three emission scenarios (A2, B2, and GGa) were used to estimate future changes in precipitation, maximum and minimum temperature based on Change Factor method. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) was employed to simulate the hydrologic responses to climate changes. The CA-Markov model was used to develop land use scenarios. Compared with the present climate, the climate models predicted a -2.3% to 7.8% change in annual precipitation, 0.7 to 2.2°C rises in maximum temperature, and 1.2 to 2.8°C rises in minimum temperature. Without consideration of land use change, SWAT predicted a -19.8% to 37.0% change for runoff, -5.5% to 17.2% change for soil water content, and 0.1% to 5.9% increase for evapotranspiration during 2010–2039 under all climate scenarios. Though the change of hydrometeorolocial variables are complex, they would possibly increase with great probability, and the hydrological regime would be influenced such as a decrease in runoff in winter months. With land use changes, the projected land use of 2015 would increase soil water content by 4.0% and surface runoff by 5.7% while slightly decrease evapotranspiration by 0.6% compared with the 2000 land use. This result showed that adjustment of land use patterns was capable of regulating water resources and could be used to mitigate the adverse effects of climate change. | LI Zhi1,2, LIU WenZhao2, ZHANG XunChang3 & ZHENG FenLi2 1 College of Resources and Environment, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling 712100, China 2 Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Water Resources, Yangling 712100, China 3 USDA-ARS Grazinglands Research Laboratory, 73036, El Reno, Oklahoma, USA | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，5： | 9 |
| 14 | Effects of Ultra-drying on Viability and Physiological Characteristics of Platycladus orientalis Seed from Arid and Semiarid Areas of Northwest China显示文摘In order to supply quality seed for vegetation restoration in arid and semiarid areas of Northwest China, the effects of Platycladus orientalis seed storage under ultra-drying and accelerated aging were studied. The seeds were dried from 6.8% to 5.1%, 4.4%, 3.7% and 2.2% MC, respectively, in a desiccator with the silica gel. The germination energy, germination percentage, germination index and vigor index of the seed were investigated. After ultra-drying, groups of seeds were carried on the accelerated aging tests in an oven at 50 oC for 10, 20 and 30 d , respectively, and the physiological indexes, including relative conductivity, dehydrogenase activity and α-amylase activity were tested. The results show that the ultra-dried seeds with 3.7% MC have the highest germination energy, germination percentage, germination index and vigor index. After aging, the dehydrogenase activity and α-amylase activity of the group of seeds of 3.7% MC were higher than those of 6.8%, while the relative conductivity of the group of 3.7% is lower than that of 6.8%. It is feasible to ultra- dry the seeds with 3.7% MC. | HOU Longyu1,2 DUAN Xinfang2 Li Qingmei3 LIU Guangquan4 MA Fengyun1 1. Forestry College of Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271018, P.R. China 2. Research Institute of New Forestry Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P.R. China 3. Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, P.R. China 4. Northwest Agriculture and Forestry University, Yangling 712100, P.R. China | 2008 | Chinese Forestry Science and Technology2008，7，1： | 9 |
| 15 | Study on Wheat Cold Source and Its Characters显示文摘On the basis of tests and studies for many years, wheat cold source has been discovered in natural world. It is a donor material supplying a low temperature and causing stronger cooling effect, that is,the canopy temperature of its progeny can be descended universally and some non-cold type acceptor wheat can turn into cold type wheat having good metabolic functions under the condition of that acceptor wheat accepts the gamete of donor wheat supplying a low temperature. Contrast between wheat cold source and general wheat having no the ability of supplying a low temperature shows that second heat source temperature and plant temperature of wheat cold source not only are lower than those of general wheat but its root vigor, rate of awn etiolation, functional duration of leaf, chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, SOD activity, net photosynthetic rate, etc, are also more excellent than those of general wheat, and these all provide certain ecological and physiological bases for the distinction and selection of wheat cold source. | ZHANG Song-wu and WANG Chang-fa(Northwest Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100) | 2002 | Agricultural Sciences in China2002，1，2： | 8 |
| 16 | Crop Yield Response to Water and Fertilizer in Loess Tableland of China:A Field Research显示文摘CropYieldResponsetoWaterandFertilizerinLoessTablelandofChina:AFieldResearchLIUWEN-ZHAOandLIYU-SHAN(StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilEr... | LIU WEN-ZHAO and LI YU-SHAN(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erusion and Dryland Farming on Loess Plateau, Northwest Institute of Soiland Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Yangling 712100 (China) ) | 1995 | Pedosphere1995，5，3： | 7 |
| 17 | Effect of apple production base on regional water cycle in Weibei upland of the Loess Plateau显示文摘Weibei upland, located in southern part of the Loess Plateau, is a commercial apple production base in China. The enlargement of apple-planting area has a great impact on the regional water cycle. The effects of different land use on hydrological parameters are compared and studied in this paper. The main results are as follows: (1) The initial and steady infiltration rates in apple orchard are higher than those in other land use types such as grassland, idle land and farmland. Their initial rates of infiltration are 0.823 cm/min, 0.215 cm/min, 0.534 cm/min and 0.586 cm/min in apple orchard, grassland, idle land and farmland respectively. Their steady infiltration rates are 0.45 cm/min, 0.038 cm/min, 0.191 cm/min and 0.155 cm/min respectively. (2) There is no runoff generated in plot of apple orchard in all 8 storm events in observed natural rainfalls, while runoff is generated in winter wheat plot, corn plot and alfalfa plot with runoff coefficients of 2.39%, 1.58% and 0.31% respectively. (3) The transpiration of apple trees is strong and thus soil moisture is gradually depleted. The average soil water contents in 3-9 m soil profile in Changwu plots with apple trees of 14 and 32 years in age are 11.77% and 11.59% and in Luochuan plots with those of 15 and 28 years in age are 11.7% and 11.59% respectively, which are nearly 9.0% of wilting moisture of Changwu soil and 8.6% of wilting moisture of Luochuan soil. The pathway of rainfall percolating to groundwater is hindered by dry soil profile. | HUANG Ming-bin~1, HE Fu-hong~2, YANG Xin-min~1, LI Yu-shan~1 (1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, CAS, Yangling 712100, China 2. Northwest Sci-tech University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, China) | 2001 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2001，11，2： | 7 |
| 18 | Is prophylactic placement of drains necessary after subtotal gastrectomy?显示文摘AIM: To determine the evidence-based values of prophylactic drainage in gastric cancer surgery. METHODS: One hundred and eight patients, who underwent subtotal gastrectomy with D1 or D2 lymph node dissection for gastric cancer between January 2001 and December 2005, were divided into drain group or no-drain group. Surgical outcome and post-operative complications within four weeks were compared between the two groups. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed between the drain group and no-drain group in terms of operating time (171 ± 42 min vs 156 ± 39 min), number of post-operative days until passage of flatus (3.7 ± 0.5 d vs 3.5 ± 1.0 d), number of post-operative days until initiation of soft diet (4.9 ± 0.7 d vs 4.8 ± 0.8 d), length of post-operative hospital stay (9.3 ± 2.2 d vs 8.4 ± 2.4 d), mortality rate (5.4% vs 3.8%), and overall post- operative complication rate (21.4% vs 19.2%). CONCLUSION: Prophylactic drainage placement is not necessary after subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer since it does not offer additional benefits for the patients. | Manoj Kumarl Seung Bong Yangl Vijay Kumar Jaiswall Jay N Shahl Manish Shreshthal Rajesh Gongal | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，27： | 7 |
| 19 | 黄土高原植被建造优化模式显示文摘文章分析了黄土高原植被建设的现状,总结选择了适宜黄土高原植被建设的宏观、中观、微观模式和种植模式,对黄土高原植被建设具有指导意义。 | Wang Youke Wu Qinxiao Han Bin(Northwestern Institute of Soil ans Water Conservation,Academia Sinicaand Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling,Shaaxi,712100) | 1994 | 水土保持研究1994，1，3： | 6 |
| 20 | Study on Water-Preserving Effects of Mulching for Dryland Winter Wheat in Loess Tableland显示文摘Focused on the rainfall characteristics and the reality of agricultural production in the loess ta-bleland, and based on previous results, new patterns for dryland winter wheat production, in which the em-phasis was put on the film mulch with obvious water-preserving advantage, were designed to make effective useof rainfall. The results showed that the technique of the double mulch of film plus straw in summer fallow pe-riod can collect the rainfall in this period to the utmost extent and over 73.2 % of it can be stored in the soil,which is 108.4 mm more than that of conventional tillage. Furthermore, it can not only preserve water storedin soil in summer fallow, but also collect the rainfall in the growth period as much as possible by using thetechnique of making ridges plus film mulching and furrow sowing. So the patterns, which can greatly increaseboth the soil moisture and wheat yield, are the best choice for making full utilization of the rainfall and achie-ving a high and stable yield in the dryland wheat production of the loess tableland. | LIAO Yun-cheng, WEN Xiao-xia, HAN Si-ming and JIA Zhi-kuanCollege of Agronomy, Northwest Science and Technology University of Agriculture and Forestry, Yangling 712100, P. R. China | 2003 | Agricultural Sciences in China2003，2，4： | 6 |
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