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| 1 | Transmission Dynamics of an Outbreak of the COVID-19 Delta Variant B.1.617.2——Guangdong Province,China,May-June 2021显示文摘On May 21,2021,a local case of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)was confirmed in a 75-year-old woman(experienced onset of symptoms on May 18)in Liwan District,Guangzhou City,Guangdong Province,China.The number of infections has increased in the following 10 days and led to 5 generations of transmission. | Meng Zhang Jianpeng Xiao Aiping Deng Yingtao Zhang Yali Zhuang Ting Hu Jiansen Li Hongwei Tu Bosheng Li Yan Zhou Jun Yuan Lei Luo Zimian Liang Youzhi Huang Guoqiang Ye Mingwei Cai Gongli Li Bo Yang Bin Xu Ximing Huang Yazun Cui Dongsheng Ren Yanping Zhang Min Kang Yan Li | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，27： | 51 |
| 2 | Possible early Neoproterozoic magmatism associated with slab window in the Pingshui segment of the Jiangshan-Shaoxing suture zone: Evidence from zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb geochronology and geochemistry显示文摘We report here geochemical data, U-Pb zircon ages, and Hf isotopes for the high-Mg diorites (HMDs), Nb-enriched basaltic porphyrys (NEBPs) and plagiogranites (PLAGs) in the Pingshui segment of the Jiangshan-Shaoxing suture zone. The HMDs are characterized by high Mg# (>60), high Na and LREE contents, depletion of HREE and HFSE, and pronounced positive εNd(t) values of 7.0 to 7.7, similar to some adakitic high-Mg andesites. The NEBPs are relatively Na-rich (Na2O/K2O>6) and display high abundances of P2O5 (~1.00%), TiO2 (~3.08%) and HFSE (e.g., Nb=9.53-10.27 ppm). Their Nd isotopic compositions (εNd(t)=6.8-8.0) are comparable to those of the HMDs. The PLAGs are metaluminous (A/CNK=0.84-0.89) and sodic (Na2O/K2O>10). Their depletion in HFSE (e.g., Nb, Ta) is consistent with 'SSZ-type' plagiogranite. Zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb dating yields an age of 932±7 Ma for the HMD, 916±6 Ma for the NEBP, and 902±5 Ma for the PLAG, respectively, indicating that they were products of early Neoproterozoic magmatism. The PLAGs exhibit relatively high zircon Hf isotopes and positive εHf(t) values of 11.0 to 16.2, consistent with their Nd isotopic data (εNd(t)=7.5-8.4). Such features are similar to those of oceanic plagiogranites in ophiolites and distinct from those of crust-derived granites. The PLAGs were most likely derived from partial melting of subducted oceanic crust in an active continental margin. Considering these results in the context of the regional geology, we suggest that a slab window in the subducting oceanic crust between the Yangtze Block and Cathaysia Block was possibly the principal cause for the unique arc magmatism in the area. The upwelling asthenosphere below the slab window may have provided significant thermodynamic conditions. | CHEN ZhiHong GUO KunYi DONG YongGuan CHEN Rong LI LongMing LIANG YiHong LI ChunHai YU XiMing ZHAO Ling XING GuangFu | 2009 | Science China Earth Sciences2009，52，7： | 26 |
| 3 | Influence of moisture on the growth and biomass allocation in Haloxylon ammodendron and Tamarix ramosissima seedlings in the shelterbelt along the Tarim Desert Highway, Xinjiang, China显示文摘The authors studied the effects using three different levels of irrigation on the growth and biomass allocation in H. ammodendron and T. ramosissima seedlings in the shelterbelt along the Tarim Desert Highway. The three irrigation amounts were 35 (CK), 24.5 (treatment 1), and 14 (treatment 2) kg·ind. plant-1·once-1, respectively. The results show that (1) the vertical depth of the two seedlings’ root increased with lower levels of irrigation showing that the two species adapted to decreased irrigation by root elongation in the hinterland of the Taklimakan Desert, and the vertical root depth of H. ammodendron under treatment 2 was notably higher than CK. (2) Compared with CK, the belowground biomass of treatment 1 and 2 both showed a significant increase as follows: H. ammodendron seedlings in- creased by 14.51% and 37.03% under treatment 1 and 2, respectively, while T. ramosissima seedlings increased by 68.19% and 25.78% under treatment 1 and 2, respectively. This means that H. ammoden- dron seedlings were more adapted to the conditions in treatment 2 while T. ramosissima seedlings were better adapted to treatment 1 conditions. (3) When compared with CK, the fine root bomass of these two species all exhibited some increase under both treatments, and ANOVA analysis showed that the biomass of deep layer root of the two species under treatment 2 was notably higher than CK and treatment 1. This should help seedlings to more effectively absorb soil water from deep layers during dry conditions. (4) The root-shoot ratio was different for these two species. For H. ammodendron seed- lings, the root-shoot ratio was less than 1, while for T. ramosissim seedlings it was larger than 1. The root-shoot ratio of H. ammodendron seedlings increased with decreasing levels of irrigation, and that of T. ramosissim seedlings also increased under treatment 2. (5) With decreasing levels of irrigation, due to the difference of species, the growth variation of aboveground indexes was also different, while compared with CK, it was not significant. | SHAN LiShan ZHANG XiMing WANG YouKe WANG Hui YAN HaiNong WEI Jiang XU Hao | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，S2： | 15 |
| 4 | Regulation of the water status in three co-occurring phreatophytes at the southern fringe of the Taklamakan Desert显示文摘Aims We investigated the regulation of the water status in three predominant perennial C3 phreatophytes(Alhagi sparsifolia,Populus euphratica,Tamarix ramosissima)at typical sites of their occurrence at the southern fringe of the hyperarid Taklamakan Desert(north-west China).Methods In the foreland of the river oasis of Qira(Cele),we determined meteorological variables,plant biomass production,plant water potentials(WL)and the water flux through the plants.We calculated the hydraulic conductance on the flow path from the soil to the leaves(kSL)and tested the effects of kSL,WL and the leaf-to-air difference in the partial pressure of water vapour(Dw)on stomatal regulation using regression analyses.Important Findings Despite high values of plant water potential at the point of turgor loss,all plants sustained WL at levels that were high enough to maintain transpiration throughout the growing season.In A.sparsifolia,stomatal resistance(rs;related to leaf area or leaf mass)was most closely correlated with kSL;whereas in P.euphratica,~70%of the variation in rs was explained by Dw.In T.ramosissima,leaf area-related rs was significantly correlated with WL and kSL.The regulation mechanisms are in accordance with the growth patterns and the occurrence of the species in relation to their distance to the ground water. | Frank M.Thomas Andrea Foetzki Dirk Gries Helge Bruelheide Xiangyi Li Fanjiang Zeng Ximing Zhang | 2008 | Journal of Plant Ecology2008，1，4： | 13 |
| 5 | Effect of annealing treatment on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of Al-doped ZnO thin films显示文摘Highly conductive and transparent Al-doped ZnO (AZO) thin films were prepared from a zinc target containing Al (1.5 wt.%) by direct current (DC) and radio frequency (RF) reactive magnetron sputtering. The structural, optical, and electrical properties of AZO films as-deposited and submitted to annealing treatment (at 300 and 400°C, respectively) were characterized using various techniques. The experimental results show that the properties of AZO thin films can be further improved by annealing treatment. The crystallinity of ZnO films improves after annealing treatment. The transmittances of the AZO thin films prepared by DC and RF reactive magnetron sputtering are up to 80% and 85% in the visible region, re- spectively. The electrical resistivity of AZO thin films prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering can be as low as 8.06 × 10?4 ??cm after annealing treatment. It was also found that AZO thin films prepared by RF reactive magnetron sput- tering have better structural and optical properties than that prepared by DC reactive magnetron sputtering. | LI Li FANG Liang CHEN Ximing LIU Gaobin LIU Jun YANG Fengfan FU Guangzong KONG Chunyang | 2007 | Rare Metals2007，26，3： | 11 |
| 6 | CT image fusion in the evaluation of radiation treatment planning for non-small cell lung cancer显示文摘Objective: We studied the application of CT image fusion in the evaluation of radiation treatment planning for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods: Eleven patients with NSCLC, who were treated with three-dimensional con-formal radiation therapy, were studied. Each patient underwent twice sequential planning CT scan, i.e., at pre-treatment, and at mid-treatment for field reduction planning. Three treatment plans were established in each patient: treatment plan A was based on the pre-treatment planning CT scans for the first course of treatment, plan B on the mid-treatment planning CT scans for the second course of treatment, and treatment plan F on the fused images for the whole treatment. The irradiation doses received by organs at risk in the whole treatment with treatment A and B plans were estimated by the plus of the parameters in treatment plan A and B, assuming that the parameters involve the different tissues (i.e. V20=AV20+BV20), or the same tissues within an organ (i.e. Dmax=ADmax+BDmax). The assessment parameters in the treatment plan F were calculated on the basis of the DVH of the whole treatment. Then the above assessment results were compared. Results: There were marked differ-ences between the assessment results derived from the plus of assessment parameters in treatment plan A and B, and the ones derived from treatment plan F. Conclusion: When a treatment plan is altered during the course of radiation treatment, image fusion technique should be performed in the establishment of a new one. The estimation of the assessment parameters for the whole treatment with treatment plan A and B by simple plus, is inaccurate. | WeiGe Guangjin Yuan Changhu Li Yaogui Wu Yanyan Zhang Ximing Xu | 2008 | The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology2008，7，6： | 10 |
| 7 | Endovascular treatment with or without intravenous alteplase for acute ischaemic stroke due to basilar artery occlusion显示文摘Background and purpose It remains controversial if endovascular treatment(EVT)can improve the outcome of patients with acute basilar artery occlusion(BAO).This study aims to compare the functional outcomes between EVT with and without intravenous thrombolysis(IVT)first in patients who had acute ischaemic stroke(AIS)due to BAO.Methods Patients who had AIS with BAO who underwent EVT within 24 hours of onset were enrolled in this multicentre cohort study,and the efficacy and safety were compared between IVT+EVT and direct EVT.The primary outcome was 90-day functional independence.All outcomes were assessed with adjusted OR(aOR)from the multivariable logistic regression.In addition,a meta-analysis was performed on all recently published pivotal studies on functional independence after EVT in patients with BAO.Results Of 310 enrolled patients with BAO,241(78%)were treated with direct EVT and 69(22%)with IVT+EVT.Direct EVT was associated with a worse functional outcome(aOR,0.46(95%CI 0.24 to 0.85),p=0.01).IVT+EVT was associated with a lower percentage of patients who needed≥3 passes of stent retriever(10.14%vs 20.75%).The meta-analysis regression revealed a potential positive correlation between bridging with IVT first and functional independence(r=0.14(95%CI 0.05 to 0.24),p<0.01).Conclusions This study showed that compared with direct EVT,EVT with IVT first was associated with better functional outcomes in patients with BAO treated within 24 hours of onset.The meta-analysis demonstrated similar favourable efficacy of IVT first followed by EVT in patients with BAO. | Ximing Nie David Wang Yuehua Pu Yufei Wei Qixuan Lu Hongyi Yan Xin Liu Lina Zheng Jingyi Liu Xinxuan Yang Yarong Ding Dacheng Liu Wanying Duan Zhe Zhang Zhonghua Yang Miao Wen Weibin Gu Xinyi Hou Xinyi Leng Yuesong Pan Zhongrong Miao Liping Liu | 2022 | Stroke & Vascular Neurology2022，7，3： | 10 |
| 8 | Characteristics and dynamics analysis of Populus euphratica populations in the middle reaches of Tarim River显示文摘Populus euphratica Oliv. is widely distributed along the Tarim River. Maintaining stability of P. euphratica population is important to local development. This study explored the static life table, survivorship curves and four function curves (survival rate, cumulative mortality rate, mortality density, and hazard rate), and development index of P. euphratica population in the middle reaches of Tarim River. The results indicated that the age structure of P. euphratica population belonged to positive pyramidal type, which meant young age-class individuals occupied most populations. The number ofⅠ-Ⅱage classes accounted for 66.2% of whole population, and this indicated that there were abundant subsequent seedlings resources to support the growth of P. euphratica population in the middle reaches of Tarim River. The survivorship curve of P. euphratica belonged to the Deevey Ⅲ (concave-type) and the development index was 47.72%. Four function curves revealed that the individuals of P. euphratica sharply decreased at the initial stage and then leveled off at the late stage of survival curve. Time sequence prediction models predicted that the number of midlife individuals would increase in future 10, 20, 30 years, and P. euphratica population grew steadily as a result of rich saplings. | Wu, JunXia Zhang, XiMing Deng, ChaoZhou Liu, GuoJun Li, Hong | 2010 | Journal of Arid Land2010，2，4： | 9 |
| 9 | Multi-quasiparticle rotational bands in neutron-rich erbium isotopes显示文摘Multi-quasiparticle states and rotational bands in neutron-rich erbium isotopes have been investigated by the configuration-constrained pairing-deformation-frequency self-consistent total-Routhian-surface (TRS) method with particle-number-conserved pairing. Specifically, the recently observed Kn=4-bands in 168,170,172 Er have been found to experience a configuration change in our calculation. Some other multi-quasiparticle states with uncertain configuration assignments have been reinvestigated by calculating their collective rotations. The configuration-constrained TRS calculation can reproduce experimental data consistently. | FU XiMing JIAO ChangFeng XU FuRong ZHANG ZhenHua | 2013 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2013，56，8： | 8 |
| 10 | Gα_s Relays Sphingosine-1-Phosphate Receptor 1 Signaling to Stabilize Vascular Endothelial-Cadherin at Endothelial Junctions to Control Mouse Embryonic Vascular Integrity显示文摘Sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1(S1PR1),a G protein-coupled receptor(GPCR),controls vascular stability by stabilizing vascular endothelial(VE)-cadherin junctional localization and inhibiting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2(VEGFR2) signaling.However,the molecular mechanisms that link S 1PR1 signaling to intracellular effectors remain unknown,In this study,we demonstrate that the heterotrimeric G protein subfamily member Gα_s,encoded by GNAS,acts as a relay mediator of S1PR1 signaling to control vascular integrity by stabilizing VE-cadherin at endothelial junctions.The endothelial cell-specific deletion of Gαs in mice causes early embryonic lethality with massive hemorrhage and a disorganized vasculature.The immunostalning results revealed that Gα_s deletion remarkably reduces the junctional localization of VE-cadherin,whereas the mural cell coverage of the vessels is not impaired.In addition,we found that Gαs depletion blocks the S1PRl-activation induced VE-cadherin stabilization at junctions,supporting that Gα_s acts downstream of S1PR1 signaling,Thus,our results demonstrate that Gα_s is an essential mediator to relay S1PR1 signaling and maintain vascular integrity. | Ximing Shao Ke Liu Yi Fan Zhihao Ding Min Chen Minyan Zhu Lee S.Weinstein Hongchang Li Huashun Li | 2015 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2015，42，11： | 8 |
| 11 | Influence of filler-bitumen ratio on performance of modified asphalt mortar by additive显示文摘When the filler-bitumen ratio of asphalt mortar changes, its adhesion and viscoelasticity will also change, as well as its performance at the high and low temperatures, fatigue durability, and ductility. Thus, the appropriate filler- bitumen ratio directly affects the asphalt mortar's performance. This paper tested the physical indexes of the No. 70 matrix asphalt mortar modified by additive Sasobit (SB) and Sasowam (SW) through dynamic shear rheometer and bending beam rheometer under different temperature conditions, and comprehensively analyzed the high-temperature anti-rutting and fatigue performance, low-temperature crack resistance performance, and ductility of asphalt mortar. The results show that ore powder not only can increase the antirutting factor but also can increase the aging resistance of asphalt. SB has better performances than SW at high temperatures. As for the filler-bitumen ratio of asphalt mortar with additive SB, the recommended value is between 0.8 and 1.2, and the value may be a little larger for that with SW. | Hongsheng Qiu Ximing Tan Shu Shi Heng Zhang | 2013 | Journal of Modern Transportation2013，21，1： | 7 |
| 12 | A potential red-emitting phosphors scheelite-like triple molybdates LiKGd_2(MoO_4)_4:Eu^(3+) for white light emitting diode applications显示文摘A series of novel red-emitting phosphors scheelite-like triple molybdates LiKGd2-xEux(MoO4)4(0.1 ≤ x ≤ 1.9) were synthesized by solid state reaction method and their photoluminescence properties were investigated. The photoluminescence results show that all samples can be excited efficiently by UV (396 nm) light and blue (466 nm) light and emit red (615 nm) light with line spectra,which are coupled well with the characteristic emission from UV-LED and blue LED,respectively. The experimental results and their analysis suggest that the energy transfer occurs due to dipole-dipole interactions among Eu3+ ions in LiKGd2-xEux(MoO4)4. Compared with Ca0.8MoO4: Eu 30+.2,the emission intensity of LiKGd0.9(MoO4)4: Eu 13.+1 is about 1.4 times higher and the CIE chromaticity coordinates are as close to the National Television System Committee (NTSC) standard values as those of Ca0.8MoO4: Eu 30+.2. The optical properties suggest that LiKGd0.9(MoO4)4: Eu 13.+1 is an efficient red-emitting phosphor for white LEDs applications. | XIE An YUAN XiMing WANG FengXiang | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，1： | 7 |
| 13 | SAD2 in Arabidopsis Functions in Trichome Initiation through Mediating GL3 Function and Regulating GL1,TTG1 and GL2 Expression显示文摘Most genes identified that control Arabidopsis trichome initiation and formation are transcription factors or regulatory com- ponents in transcriptional networks and include GLABROUS1 (GL1), GLABRA2 (GL2), GLABRA3 (GL3) and TRANSPARENT TESTA GLABRA1 (TTG1). Herein, we report that an importin β-like protein, SENSITIVE TO ABA AND DROUGHT2 (SAD2), is required for trichome initiation. Mutations in SAD2 disrupted trichome initiation resulting in reduced trichome number, but had no effect on trichome development or root hair number and development. Expression levels of GL1, MYB23, GL2 and TTG1 were reduced in shoots of sad2 mutants while expression levels of GL3 and ENHANCER OF GLABRA3 (EGL3) were enhanced. Overexpression of GL3 increased trichome numbers in wild type but not in sad2 mutants, indicating that the function of the GL3 protein is altered in the sad2 mutants. In contrast, overexpression of GFP-GL1 decreased trichome number in both wild type and sad2. Double mutant analysis of gl1 sad2 and gl3 sad2 indicated that SAD2 functions genetically, at least in part, in the same pathway with these two genes. Co-immunoprecipitation indicated that the sad2 mutation does not disrupt formation of the TTG1-GL3-GL1 complex. Analysis of GFP fusions of GL1, GL2, GL3 and TTG1 suggested that these proteins are most likely not direct cargo of SAD2. Our data suggest that SAD2 is involved in trichome initiation by regulating these nuclear genes. | Ying Gao Ximing Gong Wanhong Cao Jinfeng Zhao Liqin Fu XuechenWang Karen S. Schumaker Yan Guo | 2008 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2008，50，7： | 7 |
| 14 | Quantitative Trait Loci for Panicle Layer Uniformity Identified in Doubled Haploid Lines of Rice in Two Environments显示文摘Uniformity of stem height in rice directly affects crop yield potential and appearance,and has become a vital index for rice improvement.In the present study,a doubled haploid(DH) population,derived from a cross between japonica rice Chunjiang 06 and indica rice TN1 was used to analyze the quantitative trait locus(QTL) for three related traits of paniclelayer-uniformity;that is,the tallest panicle height,the lowest panicle height and panicle layer disuniformity in two locations:Hangzhou(HZ) and Hainan(HN).A total of 16 QTLs for three traits distributed on eight chromosomes were detected in two different environments.Two QTLs,qTPH-4 and qTPH-8 were co-located with the QTLs for qLPH-4 and qLPH-8,which were only significant in the HZ environment,whereas the qTPH-6 and qLPH-6 located at the same interval were only significant in the HN environment.Two QTLs,qPLD-10-1 and qPLD-10-2,were closely linked to qTPH-10,and they might have been at the same locus.One QTL,qPLD-3,was detected in both environments,explaining more than 23% of the phenotypic variations.The CJ06 allele of qPLD-3 could increase the panicle layer disuniformity by 9.23 and 4.74 cm in the HZ and HN environments.Except for qPLD-3,almost all other QTLs for the same trait were detected only in one environment,indicating that these three traits were dramatically affected by environmental factors.The results may be useful for elucidation of the molecular mechanism of panicle-layer-uniformity and marker assisted breeding for super-rice. | Liangyong Ma Jinsong Bao Longbiao Guo Dali Zeng Ximing Li Zhijuan Ji Yingwu Xia Changdeng Yang Qian Qian | 2009 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2009，51，9： | 7 |
| 15 | Epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancermetastasis显示文摘上皮间充质的转变(EMT ) 开始在哺乳动物,以及维持重要身体的稳定性的一个基本生物事件的 embryogenesis 期间被看作生理的现象。最近的研究显示 EMT 在各种各样的肿瘤前进,上皮的癌症通过入侵并且转移起一个关键作用。房间特征在 EMT,房间在失去房间房间和房间矩阵相互作用和顶端的极性期间被改变,重新组织他们的细胞骨架,并且变得孤立,对 anoikis 能动,以及抵抗,然后成为塑造锭子的间充质的房间。这评论在关于 EMT 学习房间形态发生,制造者和分子的机制规定上放强调,讨论在 EMT 和癌症发展和转移之间的关系。 | Junjian Deng Ximing Xu | 2011 | The Chinese-German Journal of Clinical Oncology2011，10，3： | 7 |
| 16 | Realization of quantum discrete Fourier transform with NMR显示文摘The pulse sequences of the logic operations used in quantum discrete Fourier transform are designed for the experiment of nuclear magnetic resonance(NMR), and 2-qubit discrete Fourier transforms are implemented experimentally with NMR. The experimental errors are examined and methods for reducing the errors are proposed. | FANG Ximing ZHU Xiwen FENG Mang MAO Xi’an DU Fei | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，12： | 7 |
| 17 | Synthesis and photoluminescence property of red phosphors LiEu_(1-x)Y_x(WO_4)_(0.5)(MoO_4)_(1.5) for white LED显示文摘A series of novel red phosphors LiEu1-xYx(WO4)0.5(MoO4)1.5 (x=0, 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.8) were synthesized by conventional solid state reaction method with the starting materials: WO3, MoO3, Eu2O3, Li2CO3 and Y2O3. The spectrum and the crystal structure of the phosphors were characterized by F-4500 and XRD respectively. Meanwhile the effects of flux and Y3+ concentration on the crystal structure and luminescent properties of the phosphors were investigated. The results showed that the optimal content of flux (WAlF3/WH3BO3=1/1) was 1 wt% and the optimal doping concentration of Y3+ was 0.5 mol. The emission spectrum showed the most intense peak was located at 615 nm, which corresponds to the 5D0→7F2 transition of Eu3+ and that Eu3+ occupied the lattice site of noncentrosymmetric environment in the scheelite phases. The excitation spectrum displayed that these phosphors could be effectively excited by ultraviolet (UV) (396 nm) and blue (466 nm) light, nicely in correspondence with the widely ap- plied output wavelengths of ultraviolet or blue LED chips. The influence of flux on the luminescent properties of LiEu0.5Y0.5(WO4)0.5(MoO4)1.5 phosphor was analyzed. The XRD spectra indicated that the flux could help to crystallize the phosphor, and no other phases were formed except the tetragonal. When adding flux, the relative intensity of LiEu0.5Y0.5(WO4)0.5(MoO4)1.5 became much stronger and the average particle size of the phosphor decreased. | XIE An, YUAN XiMing, WANG JuanJuan & WANG Feng Engineering Research Center of Nano-Mineral Materials and Application, Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China | 2009 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2009，52，7： | 7 |
| 18 | Decision support for integrated river basin management—Scientific research challenges显示文摘Integrated River Basin Management(IRBM)has been a long discussed way to sustainably manage water and land resources;yet,very few examples of effective IRBM are found because there is a lack of sufficient scientific support,as well as institutional accommodation,to successfully implement it.This paper overviews the major challenges with IRBM,the promising scientific approaches for the implementation of IRBM,and the areas of needed research,with considerable issues and experiences from China.It is expected that novel research will draw together disparate disciplines into an integrated scientific framework,upon which better modeling tools,stakeholder involvement,and decision-making support can be built.Cutting-edge new technologies will bring ideas of IRBM forward to theory and finally to practice.The paper will prompt scientists to undertake research to fill in the gaps in the current IRBM knowledge base and provide practitioners guidance on how to incorporate scientifically based information within the IRBM decision process. | CAI XiMing Landon MARSTON GE YingChun | 2015 | Science China Earth Sciences2015，58，1： | 7 |
| 19 | Effects of deficit irrigation on daily and seasonal variations of trunk sap flow and its growth in Calligonum arborescens显示文摘Water deficit in arid and semiarid regions affects whole-plant sap flow and leaf-level water relations. The objectives of this study were to clarify how sap flow of Calligonum arborescens responds to different drought stress conditions and to understand its acclimation mechanism to drought environments. A field experiment was conducted for C. arborescens during the growing season to evaluate the effects of deficit irrigation on the daily and seasonal variations of trunk sap flow in the shelterbelt along the Tarim Desert Highway, Xinjiang, China. Three different water regimes (2,380, 1,960 and 1,225 m3 /hm2 ) were applied at different stages of plant growth. From 1 May to 30 October 2007, a heat-balance stem flow gauge was used to monitor the sap flow dynamics of C. arborescens under different water regimes. Atmospheric evaporation demand and soil moisture conditions for differentially irrigated C. arborescens were also monitored. The result showed that sap flow exhibited a clear diurnal pattern regardless of treatments; the diurnal patterns of sap flow and vapour pressure deficit were very similar under different water regimes and growing seasons, while the slope of the linear regression of this correlation confirmed an increasing water regime. The sap flow decreased under reduced water regimes and there was nocturnal sap flow regardless of water regimes, which was mainly contributed to nocturnal transpiration and water recharge. The sap flow peaked before midnight and dropped afterwards with obviously higher values in summer than in other seasons. It is speculated that the water consumption of C. arborescens during the day can be supplemented through the sap flow at night, which increased with increasing irrigation amount. Net radiation was the most significant correlated factor that influenced sap flow velocity and transpiration under different water regimes (R2 >0.719). Compared with the commonly practiced water regime, the growth of C. arborescens was significantly slower in the stress deficit irrigation, but not significantly different from that in the moderate deficit irrigation. The moderate deficit irrigation would not affect the stability of the shelterbelt and was a more efficient use of water resources compared with the current watering amount. | LiShan SHAN Yi LI RuiFeng ZHAO XiMing ZHANG | 2013 | Journal of Arid Land2013，5，2： | 6 |
| 20 | Genetic dissection of a thousand-grain weight quantitative trait locus on rice chromosome 1显示文摘Thousand-grain weight (TGWT) is an important factor affecting grain yield as well as grain quality in rice. A quantitative trait locus (QTL) qTGWT1-1 for TGWT was detected previously near DNA marker RG532 on the short arm of chromosome 1 in a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the indica-indica rice cross Zhengshan97B (ZS97B)/Milyang46 (MY46). In this study, two residual het-erozygous lines (RHLs), Ch1 and Ch2, derived from the ZS97B/MY46 RIL F7 population, were used to develop two F6 populations, RIL-1 and RIL-2. The genome of Ch1 and Ch2 contains a heterozygous region flanked by RM1―RM3746 and RM151―RM243 on the short arm of chromosome 1, respectively, but is homozygous in other regions. Two tightly linked QTLs, Gw1-1 and Gw1-2, with the same additive direction and similar effect on TGWT, were detected in the region of QTL qTGWT1-1 in population RIL-2. No QTL was detected in the population RIL-1. Four individual RHLs from the population RIL-2 carrying heterozygous segments flanked by RM151―RM10404, RM10381―RM243, RM10435―RM259 and RM10398―RM5359, respectively, were chosen to develop four F2 populations. Ten maternal homozy-gotes and 10 paternal homozygotes were selected from each of the four F2 populations derived from the four RHLs. The four sets of near isogenic lines (NILs) were grown for phenotyping of TGWT and delimitation of Gw1-1 and Gw1-2. Results showed that Gw1-1 and Gw1-2 were located in the intervals RM10376―RM10398 and RM10404―RM1344 which cover 392.9 and 308.5 kb regions, respectively. The enhancing alleles were from ZS97B at both loci, and no significant interactions were detected. Genetic dissection of Gw1-1 and Gw1-2 has laid a foundation for their cloning and molecular breeding of grain yield and quality in rice. | YU ShouWu YANG ChangDeng FAN YeYang ZHUANG JieYun LI XiMing | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，15： | 5 |
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