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| 1 | Lake eutrophication and its ecosystem response显示文摘China is a country with many lakes,about one-third of which are freshwater mainly distributed in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.Currently most of the lakes are mesotrophic or eutrophic.Lake eutrophication has become one of the major ecological and environmental problems faced by lakes in China and can lead to a series of abnormal ecosystem responses,including extinction of submerged plants,frequent occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms,increased microbial biomass and productivity,decreased biodiversity,accelerated cycles,and a change in the efficient use of nutrients.With development of eutrophication,the whole lake ecosystem suffers decreased biodiversity,simplification of biotic community structure,instability of the ecosystem,and ultimately the clear-water,macrophyte-dominated ecosystem gradually shifts to a turbid-water,algae-dominated ecosystem.This ecosystem succession mechanism is speculated to be caused by different nutrient utilization efficiencies of macrophytes and phytoplankton.The ultimate ecosystem succession trend of seriously eutrophic lakes is that a phytoplankton-dominated autotrophic lake shifts to a heterotrophic lake dominated by micro-organisms,protozoans. | QIN BoQiang GAO Guang ZHU GuangWei ZHANG YunLin SONG YuZhi TANG XiangMing XU Hai DENG JianMing | 2013 | Chinese Science Bulletin2013，58，9： | 63 |
| 2 | Cancer metastases: challenges and opportunities显示文摘Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer morbidity and mortality, and accounts for about 90% of cancer deaths. Although cancer survival rate has been signi fi cantly improved over the years, the improvement is primarily due to early diagnosis and cancer growth inhibition. Limited progress has been made in the treatment of cancer metastasis due to various factors. Current treatments for cancer metastasis are mainly chemotherapy and radiotherapy, though the new generation anti-cancer drugs(predominantly neutralizing antibodies for growth factors and small molecule kinase inhibitors) do have the effects on cancer metastasis in addition to their effects on cancer growth. Cancer metastasis begins with detachment of metastatic cells from the primary tumor, travel of the cells to different sites through blood/lymphatic vessels, settlement and growth of the cells at a distal site. During the process, metastatic cells go through detachment, migration, invasion and adhesion. These four essential, metastatic steps are inter-related and affected by multi-biochemical events and parameters. Additionally, it is known that tumor microenvironment(such as extracellular matrix structure,growth factors, chemokines, matrix metalloproteinases) plays a signi fi cant role in cancer metastasis. The biochemical events and parameters involved in the metastatic process and tumor microenvironment have been targeted or can be potential targets for metastasis prevention and inhibition. This review provides an overview of these metastasis essential steps, related biochemical factors, and targets for intervention. | Xiangming Guan | 2015 | Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B2015，5，5： | 43 |
| 3 | 退耕还林还草工程对黄土高原植被总初级生产力的影响显示文摘采用Landsat解译的2000年和2015年土地利用/覆盖数据和VPM模型(Vegetation Photosynthesis Model)模拟的2000~2016年总初级生产力(Gross Primary Productivity,GPP)数据,识别出了近16 a黄土高原退耕还林还草的空间范围,并估算了GPP的年际变化趋势。在此基础上,对比分析了退耕区和未退耕区GPP年际变化的差异,从而揭示退耕还林还草工程对GPP年际变化的影响。结果显示,2000~2015年,黄土高原退耕还林还草面积约3.5万km2,占2000年耕地面积的16.8%。期间,GPP呈增加趋势,GPP显著上升区域占全区面积的67.3%,平均增速24.1 g/(m^2·a)(以C计,下同)。虽然退耕区多年平均GPP低于未退耕区,但退耕区GPP年际增速和相对变化率明显高于未退耕区,分别提高了5.9 g/(m^2·a)和1.5%。 | 尤南山 董金玮 肖桐 刘纪远 Xiao Xiangming | 2020 | 地理科学2020，40，2： | 31 |
| 4 | A review of lithium-ion battery safety concerns:The issues,strategies,and testing standards显示文摘Efficient and reliable energy storage systems are crucial for our modern society.Lithium-ion batteries(LIBs)with excellent performance are widely used in portable electronics and electric vehicles(EVs),but frequent fires and explosions limit their further and more widespread applications.This review summarizes aspects of LIB safety and discusses the related issues,strategies,and testing standards.Specifically,it begins with a brief introduction to LIB working principles and cell structures,and then provides an overview of the notorious thermal runaway,with an emphasis on the effects of mechanical,electrical,and thermal abuse.The following sections examine strategies for improving cell safety,including approaches through cell chemistry,cooling,and balancing,afterwards describing current safety standards and corresponding tests.The review concludes with insights into potential future developments and the prospects for safer LIBs. | Yuqing Chen Yuqiong Kang Yun Zhao Li Wang Jilei Liu Yanxi Li Zheng Liang Xiangming He Xing Li Naser Tavajohi Baohua Li | 2021 | Journal of Energy Chemistry2021，30，8： | 29 |
| 5 | Modulation of dragon's blood on tetrodotoxin-resistant sodium currents in dorsal root ganglion neurons and identification of its material basis for efficacy显示文摘To clarify the modulation of dragon's blood on the tetrodotoxin-resistant (TTX-R) sodium currents in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons and explore its corresponding material basis for the efficacy, using whole-cell patch clamp technique, the effects of dragon's blood and the combined effects of three components (cochinchinenin A, cochinchinenin B, and loureirin B) extracted from dragon's blood on the TTX-R sodium currents in acute-isolated DRG neurons of rats were observed. According to the operational definition of material basis for the efficacy of TCM established, the material basis of the modulation on the TTX-R sodium currents in DRG neurons of dragon's blood was judged from the experimental results. The drug interaction equation of Greco et al. was used to assess the interaction of the three components extracted from dragon's blood. This investigation demonstrated that dragon's blood suppressed the peak TTX-R sodium currents in a dose-dependent way and affected the activations of TTX-R sodium currents. The effects of the combination of cochinchinenin A, cochinchinenin B, and loureirin B were in good agreement with those of dragon's blood. Although the three components used alone could modulate TTX-R sodium currents, the concentrations of the three components used alone were respectively higher than those used in combination when the inhibition rates on the TTX-R sodium currents of them used alone and in combination were the same. The combined effects of the three components were synergistic. These results suggested that the interference with pain messages caused by the modulation of dragon's blood on TTX-R sodium currents in DRG neurons may explain some of the analgesic effect of dragon's blood and the corresponding material basis for the efficacy is the combination of cochinchinenin A, cochinchinenin B, and loureirin B. | LIU Xiangming CHEN Su ZHANG Yuxia ZHANG Fan | 2006 | Science China(Life Sciences)2006，49，3： | 22 |
| 6 | Changes in rice cropping systems in the Poyang Lake Region, China during 2004-2010显示文摘Rice cropping systems not only characterize comprehensive utilization intensity of agricultural resources but also serve as the basis to enhance the provision services of agro-ecosystems.Yet,it is always affected by external factors,like agricultural policies.Since 2004,seven consecutive No.1 Central Documents issued by the Central Government have focused on agricultural development in China.So far,few studies have investigated the ef-fects of these policies on the rice cropping systems.In this study,based upon the long-term field survey information on paddy rice fields,we proposed a method to discriminate the rice cropping systems with Landsat data and quantified the spatial variations of rice cropping systems in the Poyang Lake Region(PLR),China.The results revealed that:(1) from 2004 to 2010,the decrement of paddy rice field was 46.76 km2 due to the land use change.(2) The temporal dynamics of NDVI derived from Landsat historical images could well characterize the temporal development of paddy rice fields.NDVI curves of single cropping rice fields showed one peak,while NDVI curves of double cropping rice fields displayed two peaks an-nually.NDVI of fallow field fluctuated between 0.15 and 0.40.NDVI of the flooded field during the transplanting period was relatively low,about 0.20±0.05,while NDVI during the period of panicle initiation to heading reached the highest level(above 0.80).Then,several temporal windows were determined based upon the NDVI variations of different rice cropping systems.(3) With the spatial pattern of paddy rice field and the NDVI threshold within optimum tem-poral windows,the spatial variation of rice cropping systems was very obvious,with an in-creased multiple cropping index of rice about 20.2% from 2004 to 2010.The result indicates that agricultural policies have greatly enhanced the food provision services in the PLR,China. | LI Peng FENG Zhiming JIANG Luguang LIU Yujie XIAO Xiangming | 2012 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2012，22，4： | 23 |
| 7 | An SDN/NFV Based Framework for Management and Deployment of Service Based 5G Core Network显示文摘The traffic explosion and the rising of diverse requirements lead to many challenges for traditional mobile network architecture on flexibility, scalability, and deployability. To meet new requirements in the 5 G era, service based architecture is introduced into mobile networks. The monolithic network elements(e.g., MME, PGW, etc.) are split into smaller network functions to provide customized services. However, the management and deployment of network functions in service based 5 G core network are still big challenges. In this paper, we propose a novel management architecture for 5 G service based core network based on NFV and SDN. Combined with SDN, NFV and edge computing, the proposed framework can provide distributed and on-demand deployment of network functions, service guaranteed network slicing, flexible orchestration of network functions and optimal workload allocation. Simulations are conducted to show that the proposed framework and algorithm are effective in terms of reducing network operating cost. | Lu Ma Xiangming Wen Luhan Wang Zhaoming Lu Raymond Knopp | 2018 | China Communications2018，15，10： | 20 |
| 8 | Synergistic effects of expandable graphite and dimethyl methyl phosphonate on the mechanical properties, fire behavior, and thermal stability of a polyisocyanurate-polyurethane foam显示文摘In this study, a series of flame-retardant polyisocyanurate-polyurethane (PIR-PUR) foams were prepared using various concentrations (0-25% by weight) of expandable graphite (EG) and dimethyl methyl phosphonate (DMMP) (0-7% by weight). The effect of these additives on the properties of the PIR-PUR foams, including physico-mechanical, morphological, flame retardancy, and thermal stability, was studied. Increasing amounts of EG in the PIR-PUR foam caused a significant drop in the compression strength. However, DMMP caused the mechanical properties of PIR-PUR foam to improve compared to foam filled with EG alone. The flame retardancy of PIR-PUR foams containing both EG and DMMP was enhanced significantly compared to EG filled foams. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) indicated that EG enhances the thermal stability of PIR-PUR foams but that DMMP decreased it. The morphology of the residual char provided conclusive evidence for the weak thermal stability of foams filled with DMMP. | Hu Xiangming Wang Deming Wang Shuailing | 2013 | International Journal of Mining Science and Technology2013，23，1： | 14 |
| 9 | Modeling gross primary production of a temperate grassland ecosystem in Inner Mongolia, China, using MODIS imagery and climate data显示文摘Carbon fluxes in temperate grassland ecosystems are characterized by large inter-annual variations due to fluctuations in precipitation and land water availability. Since an eddy flux tower has been in operation in the Xilin Gol grassland, which belongs to typical temperate grassland in North China, in this study, observed eddy covariance flux data were used to critically evaluate the biophysical per- formance of different remote sensing vegetation indices in relation to carbon fluxes. Furthermore, vegetation photosynthesis model (VPM) was introduced to estimate gross primary production (GPP) of the grassland ecosystem for assessing its dependability. As defined by the input variables of VPM, Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradimeter (MODIS) and standard data product MOD09A1 were downloaded for calculating enhanced vegetation index (EVI) and land surface water index (LSWI). Measured air temperature (Ta) and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) data were also included for model simulating. Field CO2 flux data, during the period from May, 2003 to September, 2005, were used to estimate the 'observed' GPP (GPPobs) for validation. The seasonal dynamics of GPP predicted from VPM (GPPVPM) was compared quite well (R2=0.903, N=111, p<0.0001) with the observed GPP. The ag- gregate GPPVPM for the study period was 641.5 g C·m?2, representing a ~6% over-estimation, compared with GPPobs. Additionally, GPP predicted from other two typical production efficiency model (PEM) represents either higher overestimation or lower underestimation to GPPobs. Results of this study demonstrate that VPM has potential for estimating site-level or regional grassland GPP, and might be an effective tool for scaling-up carbon fluxes. | WU WeiXing WANG ShaoQiang XIAO XiangMing YU GuiRui FU YuLing HAO YanBin | 2008 | Science China Earth Sciences2008，51，10： | 13 |
| 10 | Study on the compatibility of cement-superplasticizer system based on the amount of free solution显示文摘The changes of free solution amount,fluidity and the time-depended fluidity loss of cement paste were examined by varying the water-cement ratio and the dosages of superplasticizer. The distribution of solution and flocculation microstructure in fresh cement paste was observed with optical microscope. The change of free solution amount and its effect on the fluidity and bleeding of cement paste was studied. The results show that the adsorbed solution amount has a great influence on the compatibility of cement-superplasticizer system,including the bleeding degree,the fluidity and the time-depended fluidity loss of cement paste. Superplasticizer increases the fluidity of cement paste by destroying the flocculated cement particle structure and increasing the amount of adsorbed solution. Polycarboxylate superplasticizer shows higher ability of adsorption than naphthalene superplasticizer. Over dosage of superplasticizer is not the primary cause of bleeding. The principle reason of bleeding is the high water-cement ratio and the insufficient enhancing ability of water adsorption of superplasticizer. | HAN Song YAN PeiYu KONG XiangMing | 2011 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2011，54，1： | 13 |
| 11 | Multiple Cropping Intensity in China Derived from Agro-meteorological Observations and MODIS Data显示文摘Double-and triple-cropping in a year have played a very important role in meeting the rising need for food in China.However,the intensified agricultural practices have significantly altered biogeochemical cycles and soil quality.Understanding and mapping cropping intensity in China′s agricultural systems are therefore necessary to better estimate carbon,nitrogen and water fluxes within agro-ecosystems on the national scale.In this study,we investigated the spatial pattern of crop calendar and multiple cropping rotations in China using phenological records from 394 agro-meteorological stations(AMSs)across China.The results from the analysis of in situ field observations were used to develop a new algorithm that identifies the spatial distribution of multiple cropping in China from moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer(MODIS)time series data with a 500 m spatial resolution and an 8-day temporal resolution.According to the MODIS-derived multiple cropping distribution in 2002,the proportion of cropland cultivated with multiple crops reached 34%in China.Double-cropping accounted for approximately 94.6%and triple-cropping for 5.4%.The results demonstrat that MODIS EVI(Enhanced Vegetation Index)time series data have the capability and potential to delineate the dynamics of double-and triple-cropping practices.The resultant multiple cropping map could be used to evaluate the impacts of agricultural intensification on biogeochemical cycles. | YAN Huimin XIAO Xiangming HUANG Heqing LIU Jiyuan CHEN Jingqing BAI Xuehong | 2014 | Chinese Geographical Science2014，24，2： | 11 |
| 12 | China's Changing Trade Elasticities显示文摘中国口头的贸易作文,产品质量混合,和处理的进口内容出口的派别都在过去的十年期间实质地变化了。这显示了用总数数据估计的贸易弹性高度不稳定,与指向显著地更高的需求和价格弹性的更最近的数据。在这些参数的 Sectoral 差别也是很宽的。所有这些建议当使用历史的数据模仿中国的经济的反应到外部震动和汇率变化时,更大的小心应该被行使。分析基于有在 1980 年代和 1990 年代的中国大部分代表性的估计的系数的模型是可能的结果错误,也许平戏剧性地。 | Jahangir Aziz Xiangming Li | 2008 | China & World Economy2008，16，3： | 11 |
| 13 | Phytoplankton community from Lake Taihu,China,has dissimilar responses to inorganic and organic nutrients显示文摘To evaluate the response of phytoplankton from Lake Taihu to different types of nutrients,the phytoplankton responses were measured after adding inorganic nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) or decomposed algal scum(Microcystis spp.) into the lake water. Both types of nutrients promoted an increase in phytoplankton biomass as determined by chlorophyll a and algal wet weight.The addition of decomposed algal scum resulted in a significantly greater phytoplankton response than the addition of inorganic N and P alone.The dissolved inorganic N and P in the inorganic nutrient treatment were found not limit phytoplankton growth.The higher algal biomass obtained in the treatment with decomposed algal scum indicated the importance of other organic nutrients besides N and P such as trace elements,as well as the importance of the form of N since the levels of ammonia nitrogen(NH4+-N) from the decomposed algal treatment were actually higher than that of the inorganic N and P addition.Microcystis spp.(Cyanobacteria) ,Scenedesmus spp.(Chlorophyta) and Synechocystis spp.(Cyanobacteria) were the dominant taxa in the control,inorganic N and P treatment,and the decomposed algal scum treatment,respectively.Microcystis never bloomed in response to both types of nutrient additions indicating that the bloom propagation is not solely related to nutrient additions,but may be related to the absence of selective grazing from zooplankton. | Xiaodong Wang Boqiang Qin Guang Gao Yongping Wang Xiangming Tang Timothy Otten | 2010 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2010，22，10： | 11 |
| 14 | Topographical Evaluation of the Decentration of Orthokeratology Lenses显示文摘Purpose: To evaluate the amount of lens decentration and various factors affecting decentration after orthokeratology lens wear and to observe the effect of decentration on the visual functions.Methods: Two kinds of orthokeratology lenses were fitted to 270 eyes of 135 patients [initial mean refractive error: (-3.98±1.51)D]. Humphery Instruments ATLAS 990 was used for the computer-assisted analysis of corneal topographical maps. The examination of corneal topography was performed on patients before and after 6 months of wearing orthokeratology lenses. The amount of decentration of orthokeratology lenses was measured by finding the distance between center of optic zone and the pupil center. The factors influencing the amount of decentration were analyzed, including the initial refraction error, astigmatism, keratometry values, corneal eccentricity, and the diameter of lens.Visual symptoms including monocular diplopia, glare around lights were recorded to evaluate the effects of decentration on visual functions.Results: The mean amount of decentration was (0.49±0.34) mm after one night's wear.The mean amount of decentration after 1 month, 3 months and 6 months was (0.57±0.41) mm, (0.55±0.48) mm and (0.59±0.39) mm, respectively. After one month, the amount of decentration was less than 0.50 mm in 51.1% eyes, 0.50~1.0 mm in 35.6% eyes and more than 1.00 mm in 13.3% eyes. The direction of decentration of more than 0.50 mm was mainly in the temporal quadrant (48.5%). Patients with greater initial astigmatism and smaller lenses showed greater decentration (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in decentration between the two groups with different corneal eccentricities and keratometry values (P>0.05). The amount of decentration was greater in patients who complained of monocular diplopia and glare.Conclusions: The amount of decentration of orthokeratology depends on the initial refractive error, astigmatism and the design of orthokeratology lenses. Improvement in fitting technology and lens design can lead to reduced incidence of decentration and visual symptoms. | Xiao Yang Xingwu Zhong Xiangming Gong Junwen Zeng | 2005 | Eye Science2005，21，3： | 10 |
| 15 | Spatio-temporal variations of the bacterioplankton community composition in Chaohu Lake, China显示文摘Despite considerable attention paid to Chaohu Lake in China, the dynamics of bacterioplankton community composition (BCC) on spatial and seasonal scales are poorly understood.In this study, water samples were collected from autumn 2006 to summer 2007 at five positions in Chaohu Lake with difierent trophic status.BCC of these samples was determined by both the PCR amplification of the 16S rDNA gene and the denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE).The abundance and diversity of bacterioplankton communities at difierent sampling positions showed similar seasonal patterns.The BCCs in the samples varied substantially, and the pattern of changes indicated that the seasonal difierence might have a significant impact on the BCC's structure in the lake.Canonical correspondence anal-ysis (CCA) on the DGGE patterns and physicochemical parameters indicated that the temperature and the levels of 5-d biochemical O2 demand (BOD5), NH3-N, CODMn, total nitrogen, total phosphorous, and dissolved oxygen significantly infiuenced the BCC, and four of the seven variables were related to the level of eutrophication.Our results indicate that eutrophic status and season are the most infiu-ential factors in determining BCC in Chaohu Lake. | Chaoling Wei Sumin Bao Xinyan Zhu Xiangming Huang | 2008 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2008，18，9： | 9 |
| 16 | Vertical diversity of sediment bacterial communities in two different trophic states of the eutrophic Lake Taihu, China显示文摘Vertical diversity of sediment bacterial communities in 2 different trophic states(macrophyte-dominated and algae-dominated) of the large shallow eutrophic Lake Taihu,China,were investigated using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis(DGGE) and 16S rRNA sequence analysis.Clustering analysis of DGGE profiles showed that different clusters were recognized in different depths of sediment cores in the 2 lake trophic states.Analyses of the bacterial diversity,as estimated by the Shannon index(H '),showed that different sediment layers of the macrophyte-dominated state had higher diversity than the algae-dominated state.In addition,bacterial diversity of the sediment in the macrophyte-dominated state changed abruptly throughout the layers,but bacterial diversity of the algae-dominated state decreased gradually with sediment depth.Phylogenetic analysis showed that Proteobacteria was the most abundant phylum in the middle sediment of the 2 lake trophic states.In the macrophyte-dominated state,clone sequences related to Betaproteobacteria(50.0%) were the most abundant,followed by Epsilonproteobacteria(21.1%),Acidobacteria(7.9%),Deltaproteobacteria(7.9%),Chloroflexi(7.9%),and Bacteroidetes(5.3%);whereas in the algae-dominated state,sequences affiliated with Betaproteobacteria(84.4%) were predominant,followed by Deltaproteobacteria(12.5%) and Acidobacteria(3.1%).Canonical correspondence analysis showed that organic matter and pH play key roles in driving the vertical changes of bacterial community composition. | Keqiang Shao Guang Gao Yongping Wang Xiangming Tang Boqiang Qin | 2013 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2013，25，6： | 9 |
| 17 | Impacts of ecological restoration projects on agricultural productivity in China显示文摘在农田数量和质量的变化由于陆地使用是国家食物安全的批评担心,特别地为中国。尽管有重要生态的效果,生态的恢复节目(ERP ) ,从 1999 开始了,显然改变了瓷器农田和农业生产率的空间模式。从 2000 ~ 2008 把动态数据基于农田首先与主要生产率建模的 30-m 分辨率和基于卫星的网源于卫星图象,我们在 ERP 引起的农业生产率上识别了影响,包括为格林的谷物,节目(GFGP ) 和到湖(RCTL ) 的回收农田编程序。我们的结果显示农业生产率与 132.67lis 的率输了。在 R 的射击的 Pb 的累积。pseudoacacia 比另外的种类显著地高。在学习区域的土壤的 Pb 的数量是 s 吗?? | QIN Yuanwei YAN Huimin LIU Jiyuan DONG Jinwei CHEN Jingqing XIAO Xiangming | 2013 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2013，23，3： | 8 |
| 18 | Hydrothermal Synthesis of Orthorhombic LiMnO_(2)Nano-Particles and LiMnO_(2)Nanorods and Comparison of their Electrochemical Performances显示文摘Orthorhombic LiMnO_(2)nanoparticles and LiMnO_(2)nanorods have been synthesized by hydrothermal methods.LiMnO_(2)nanoparticles were synthesized by simple one-step hydrothermal method.To obtain rod-like LiMnO_(2),γ-MnOOH nanorods were first synthesized and then the H+ions were completely replaced by Li+resulting in LiMnO_(2)nanorods.Their electrochemical performances were thoroughly investigated by galvanostatic tests.Although the LiMnO_(2)nanoparticles have smaller size than LiMnO_(2)nanorods,the latter exhibited higher discharge capacity and better cyclability.For example,the discharge capacities of LiMnO_(2)nanorods reached 200 mA·h/g over many cycles and remained above 180 mA·h/g after 30 cycles.However,the maximum capacity of LiMnO_(2)nanoparticles was only 170 mA·h/g and quickly decreased to 110 mA·h/g after 30 cycles.Nanorods with one-dimensional electronic pathways favor the transport of electrons along the length direction and accommodate volume changes resulting from charge/discharge processes.Thus the morphology of LiMnO_(2)may play an important role in electrochemical performance. | Xiaoling Xiao Li Wang Dingsheng Wang Xiangming He Qing Peng Yadong Li | 2009 | Nano Research2009，2，12： | 8 |
| 19 | Combined Application of 5% Natamycin and 0.2% Fluconazole for the Treatment of Fungal Keratitis显示文摘Purpose: To observe the clinical efficacy of combined use of 5% natamycin and 0.2% fluconazole for the treatment of fungal keratitis. Methods:A total of 65 cases diagnosed with fungal keratitis by direct smear and/or fungus culture from January 2010 to January 2013 were enrolled in this study.The duration from the onset of symptoms to admission to our ophthalmic center ranged from 9 to 90 d (mean 29.5 ±19.1 d) in the severe group, which significantly differed from the 7 to 36 d (mean 16.6±7.1 d) in the non-severe group (P<0.01). All cases were divided into non-severe and severe groups based on the degree of corneal inflammation. All cases were treated with topical use of 5% natamycin and 0.2% fluconazole once per hour. The same clinical and examination protocols were adopted for both groups. Results:In the non-severe group,23 of the 24 patients (95.8%) were healed, and 1 (4.2%) showed treatment effica cy. In the severe group,12 of 41 patients (29.3%) were healed, 11(26.8%) showed clinical efficacy, and 18(43.9%) showed no efficacy. The patients between two groups significantly differed in terms of efficacy (P<0.01). Conclusion:Combined use of 5% natamycin and 0.2% fluconazole is efficacious in treating fungal keratitis, especially mild or moderate infections. | Hua Gong Xiangming Gong | 2013 | Eye Science2013，28，2： | 7 |
| 20 | Significant downward trend of SO_2 observed from 2005 to 2010 at a background station in the Yangtze Delta region,China显示文摘SO2 is an important gas in atmosphere with great environmental and climate implications.SO2 emission in China has been receiving great attention as the economy grows and the amount of coal consumption has increased in the past few decades.SO2 has been observed from July 2005 to June 2010 at Linan WMO GAW regional station(30.3 °N,119.73 °E,138 m a.s.l.) located in the Yangtze Delta region in eastern China.These observation data are analyzed to understand the trend of regional SO2 background concentration.Strict quality controls are conducted to ensure the temporal comparability of the data.Significant downward trend with ?2.4 ppb/yr(P < 0.0001) of surface SO2 is observed from 2005 to 2010,especially after 2008.The average concentration of SO2 from July 2005 to June 2008 is 14.2±3.1 ppb,which is slightly higher than the mean values of 13.5±5.1 ppb during 1999?2000 and is two folds of the average value(7.1±3.1 ppb) from July 2008 to June 2010.More than 50% of the SO2 has been cut down after 2008 in the Yangtze Delta region due to the implementation of stricter emission control measures.The peak SO2 concentration appears around 10 o'clock in the morning after 2009 while appears at night before 2009.These diurnal variations of SO2 might indicate that after 2009,more SO2 is from the vertical exchange process than from the local accumulation. | QI HuangXiong LIN WeiLi XU XiaoBin YU XiangMing MA QianLi | 2012 | Science China Chemistry2012，55，7： | 7 |
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