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| 1 | Semiautomated 3D Root Segmentation and Evaluation Based on X-Ray CT Imagery显示文摘Background.Computed X-ray tomography(CTX)is a high-end nondestructive approach for the visual assessment of root architecture in soil.Nevertheless,in order to evaluate high-resolution CTX data of root architectures,manual segmentation of the depicted root systems from large-scale volume data is currently necessary,which is both time consuming and error prone.The duration of such a segmentation is of importance,especially for time-resolved growth analysis,where several instances of a plant need to be segmented and evaluated.Specifically,in our application,the contrast between soil and root data varies due to different growth stages and watering situations at the time of scanning.Additionally,the root system itself is expanding in length and in the diameter of individual roots.Objective.For semiautomated and robust root system segmentation from CTX data,we propose the RootForce approach,which is an extension of Frangi’s“multi-scale vesselness”method and integrates a 3D local variance.It allows a precise delineation of roots with diameters down to severalμm in pots with varying diameters.Additionally,RootForce is not limited to the segmentation of small below-ground organs,but is also able to handle storage roots with a diameter larger than 40 voxels.Results.Using CTX volume data of full-grown bean plants as well as time-resolved(3D+time)growth studies of cassava plants,RootForce produces similar(and much faster)results compared to manual segmentation of the regarded root architectures.Furthermore,RootForce enables the user to obtain traits not possible to be calculated before,such as total root volume(Vroot),total root length(Lroot),root volume over depth,root growth angles(θmin,θmean,andθmax),root surrounding soil density Dsoil,or form fraction F.Discussion.The proposed RootForce tool can provide a higher efficiency for the semiautomatic high-throughput assessment of the root architectures of different types of plants from large-scale CTX.Furthermore,for all datasets within a growth experiment,only a single set of parameters is needed.Thus,the proposed tool can be used for a wide range of growth experiments in the field of plant phenotyping. | Stefan Gerth Joelle Claußen Anja Eggert Norbert Wörlein Michael Waininger Thomas Wittenberg Norman Uhlmann | 2021 | Plant Phenomics2021，3，1： | 2 |
| 2 | Subacute Ruminal Acidosis Induces Ruminal Lipopolysaccharide Endotoxin Release and Triggers an Inflammatory Response显示文摘 | G.N. Gozho J.C. Plaizier D.O. Krause A.D. Kennedy K.M. Wittenberg | 2005 | Journal of Dairy Science2005，，4： | 2 |
| 3 | 借助结构噪声分析检测纺织机械故障显示文摘结构噪声分析或者说振动分析是一种新型的评估纺织机械运行状况的方法。它可及早发现磨损部件,并可在因个别机器部件彻底崩溃而导致机器停车之前及时更换磨损部件。磨损部件的及早检测能给生产带来显著的经济效益。 | T. Pusch C. Cherif A. Farooq S. Wittenberg R. Hoffmann C. Tschpe 王英梅 | 2009 | 国际纺织导报2009，37，6： | 2 |
| 4 | Haemoglobin of invertebrate tissues-nerve haemoglobins of Aphrodite,Aplasia,and Halosydna显示文摘 | Wittenberg B A Briehl R W Wittenberg J B | 1965 | Biochem J1965，96，： | 1 |
| 5 | Five -year resuits from chemonucleolysis with chymopapain or collagenase: a prospective randomized study显示文摘 | Oppel S Rubenthaler FA | 2001 | Spine2001，26，： | 1 |
| 6 | Functions of cytoplasmatic haemoglobins and myohemerythrin显示文摘 | Wittenberg J B | 1992 | Adv Comp Environ Physiol1992，13，： | 1 |
| 7 | The Role of Information Asymmetry and Financial Reporting Quality in Debt Trading: Evidence from the Secondary Loan Market 显示文摘 | Wittenberg Moerman R | 2008 | Journal of Accounting and Economics2008，46，23： | 1 |
| 8 | Ischemic colitis : an useful clinical diagno- sis, but is it ischemic? 显示文摘 | Williams LF Jr Wittenberg J | 1975 | Ann Surg1975，182，4： | 1 |
| 9 | A review of 3He resources and acquisition for use as fusion fuel 显示文摘 | Wittenberg 1 J Cameron E N Kulcinski G L Ott S H Santarius J F Sviatoslavsky G 1 Sviatoslavsky 1 N Thompson H E | 1992 | Fusion Technol1992，21，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Methods for Measuring Temporary Health States for Cost-Utility Analyses显示文摘 | Wright D R Wittenberg E Swan J S Miksad RA Prosser LA | 2009 | Pharmacoeconomics2009，27，9： | 1 |
| 11 | A multi- disciplinary intervention to prevent the readmission of elderly patients with congestive heart failure显示文摘 | Rich M W Beckhman V Wittenberg C | 1995 | N Engl J Med1995，33，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Platelet glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa inhibition with coronary stenting for acute myocardial infarction显示文摘 | Montalescot G Barragan P Wittenberg O | 2001 | N Engl J Med2001，344，25： | 1 |
| 13 | Prostaglandin release from lum- bar disc and facet joint tissue 显示文摘 | Willburger RE Wittenberg RH | 1994 | Spine1994，19，18： | 1 |
| 14 | On the externalization of sound images 显示文摘 | Hartmann W M Wittenberg A | 1996 | The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America1996，99，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Noncontiguous unstable spine fractures 显示文摘 | Wittenberg RH Hargus S Steffen R | 2002 | Spine2002，3，： | 1 |
| 16 | Marital status predicts change in distress and well-being in women newly diagnosed with breast cancer and their peer counselors 显示文摘 | Wittenberg L Yutsis M Taylor S | 2010 | Breast J2010，16，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Noncontiguous unstable spine fractures显示文摘 | Wittenberg IRH Hargus S Steffen R | 2002 | Spine2002，27，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Constraint-induced therapy in stroke:magnetic-stimulation motor maps and cerebral activation显示文摘 | Wittenberg GF Chen R Ishii K | 2003 | Neurorehabil Neural Repair2003，17，： | 1 |
| 19 | Oxygen pressure gradients in isolated cardiac myoeytes显示文摘 | Wittenberg BA Wittenberg JB | 1985 | J Biol Chem1985，260，： | 1 |
| 20 | Noncontiguous unstable spine fractures显示文摘 | Wittenberg RH Hargus S Steffen R | 2002 | Spine(Phila Pa 1976)2002，27，3： | 1 |
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