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| 1 | Systematic review: The placebo effect of psychological interventions in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘AIM To determine the placebo response rate associated with different types of placebo interventions used in psychological intervention studies for irritable bowel syndrome. METHODS Randomized controlled trials comparing psychological interventions(stress management/relaxation therapy(cognitive) behavioral therapy, short-term psychodynamic therapy, and hypnotherapy) for the treatment of adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) diagnosed with the Manning or Rome criteria with an adequate placebo control treatment and reporting data on IBS symptom severity were identified by searching Pub Med, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Psyc INFO databases. Full-text articles that were written in English and published between 1966 and February 2016 in peer-reviewed journals were selected for the present review. Placebo interventions were considered to be adequate if the number of sessions and the amount of time spent with the therapist were the same as in the active treatment. The placebo response rate(PRR) was computed for IBS symptom severity(primary outcome measure) as well as for anxiety, depression and quality of life(secondary outcome measures). RESULTS Six studies, with a total of 555 patients met the inclusion criteria. Four studies used an educational intervention, whereas two studies used a form of supportive therapy as the placebo intervention. The PRR for IBS symptom severity ranged from 25% to 59%, with a pooled mean of 41.4%. The relative PRR for the secondary outcome measures ranged from 0% to 267% for anxiety, 6% to 52% for depression 20% to 125% for quality of life. The PRR associated with pharmacological treatments, treatment with dietary bran and complementary medicine ranged from 37.5% to 47%. Contrary to our expectations, the PRR in studies on psychological interventions was comparable to that in studies on pharmacological, dietary and alternative medical interventions.CONCLUSION The PRR is probably determined to a larger extent by patient-related factors, such as expectations and desire for the treatment to be effective, than the content of the placebo intervention. | Carla E Flik Laura Bakker Wijnand Laan Yanda R van Rood André JPM Smout Niek J de Wit | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，12： | 7 |
| 2 | 气候变化对挪威托夫达尔河流域至邻近海域氮通量的影响显示文摘假定4种气候变化情景,利用质量运输模型(TEOTIL)可预测挪威最南部的托夫达尔河流域的硝酸盐(NO_3)通量。目前,森林、高地和开阔水体占NO_3通量的90%。2071~2100年的气候情景显示,温度将增加2~4℃,降水会增加3%~11%。利用气候实验和长期监测来估算未来的氮(N)淋溶率。冬季将有更多的水流经陆地流域,而春季则较少。预计从托夫达尔河到邻近的托普达尔峡湾,年NO_3通量保持不变,但是,冬季运送的NO_3要多,春季要少。可以预计,沿海水域藻类大量繁殖会发生在当年的更早时候。主要的不确定来源是储存在土壤有机物中的氮的长期命运及森林管理的影响。 | Richard F.Wright Φyvind Kaste Heleen A.de Wit Torulv Tjomsland Mirjam Bloemerts Jarle Molvr John Rune Selvik 高战朝 | 2008 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2008，37，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Electrophysiology and pharmacyology of cardic arrhythmias (IX): Cardiac electrophysiologic effects of betaadrenergic receptor stimulation and blockade Parta A显示文摘 | Wit A L Hoffman B F Rosen M R | 1975 | Am Heart J1975，90，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Crucial importance of the endothelial K + channel SK3 and connexin40 in arte- riolar dilations during skeletal muscle contraction显示文摘 | Milkau M Kohler R De Wit C | 2010 | Faseb J2010，24，9： | 1 |
| 5 | 3-Hydyoxyanthranilic acid is an efficient,cell-derived coantioxidant for alphatocopherol,inhibiting human low density lipoprotein and plasma lipid peroxidation显示文摘 | Thomos SR Witting PK Stocker R | 1996 | J Biol Chem1996，271，32： | 1 |
| 6 | Identification of distinct specificity deternainants in resistance protein Cf-4 allows construction ofa Cf-9 mutant that confers recognition of avirulence protein Avr4 显示文摘 | van der Hoom R A Roth R and De Wit P J | 2001 | The Plant Cell2001，13，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Fungal avirulence genes: Structure and possible functions显示文摘 | Lauge R De Wit PJ | 1998 | Fungal Geneticsand Biology1998，24，3： | 1 |
| 8 | A pain education program for Chronic cancer pain: follow up results from a randomized controlled trial显示文摘 | de Wit R van Dam F Zandbeh | 1997 | Pain1997，73，1： | 1 |
| 9 | Haemopoietic cell transplantation of patients with a history of deep or invasive fungal infection during prophylaxis with liposomal amphotericin B显示文摘 | Kr u ger W H R u ssmann B de Wit M | 2005 | Acta Haematol2005，113，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Antiemetic efficacy of the neurokinin-1antagonist, aprepitant, plus a 5HT3 antagonist and a corticosteroid inpatients receiving anthracyclines or cyclophosphamide in addition to highdosecisplatin: analysis of combineddata from two Phase III randomizedclinical trials显示文摘 | Gralla RJ1 de Wit R Herrstedt J | 2005 | Cancer2005，104，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Role of unconditioned and conditioned drug effects in the self-administration of opiates andstimulants显示文摘 | Stewart J de Wit H Eikelboom R | 1984 | Psychol Rev1984，91，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Feeding selectivity of the harpacticoid copepod Canuellaperplexa in benthic muddy environments demonstrated by HPLC analyses of chlorine and carotenoid pigments显示文摘 | Buffan Dubau E Wit R Castel J | 1996 | Mar Ecol Prog Ser1996，137，： | 1 |
| 13 | Docetaxel plus prednisone or mitoxantrone plus prednisone for advanced prostate cancer 显示文摘 | Tannock IF de Wit R Berry WR | 2004 | N Engl J Med2004，351，15： | 1 |
| 14 | Parimutuel betting marketsas infonation aggregation devices:experimental results显示文摘 | Charles R Plott Jorgen Wit Winsron C Yang | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 15 | Hand-assisted laparoscopic splenectomy显示文摘 | Bemelman W A de Wit L T Busch O R | 2000 | Surg Endosc2000，14，11： | 1 |
| 16 | Kinetic modelling of the formation of sulphur-containing flavour components during heat-treatment of milk显示文摘 | Wit R de Nieuwenhuijse H | 2008 | International Dairy Journal2008，，18： | 1 |
| 17 | Synaptotagrnin interaction with SNAP-25 governs vesicle docking, prim- ing, and fusion triggering显示文摘 | Mohrmann R de Wit H Connell E | 2013 | Neuroscience2013，33，14： | 1 |
| 18 | Seasonal variations in nitrogen fixation (acetylene reduction)and sulphate reduction rates in the rhizosphere of Zostera noltii:nitrogen fixation by sulphate reducing bacteria显示文摘 | Welsh DT Bourgués S de Wit R | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 19 | Human xenografi mod- els as useful tools to assess the potential of novel therapeutics in prostate cancer显示文摘 | Van Weerden WM Bangma C De Wit R | 2009 | Bri J Cancer2009，100，1： | 1 |
| 20 | A Review on Reaflective Remote Sensing and Data Assimilation Techniques for Enhanced Agroecosystem Modeling显示文摘 | Dorigo W A Milla R Z De wit A J W | 2007 | International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation2007，9，： | 1 |
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