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| 1 | CFD-simulation of a circulating fluidized bed riser显示文摘In the current work,a model of the fluid mechanics in the riser of a circulating fluidized bed(CFB)has been implemented using computational fluid dynamics(CFD).The model developed shall be used in future as the basis of 3D-reactor model for the simulation of large scale CFB combustors.The two-fluid model(TFM)approach is used to represent the fluid mechanics involved in the flow.The computational implementation is accomplished by the commercial software FLUENT.Different closure formulations are tested on a simplified geometry.Two different turbulence formulations,namely the swirl modified RNG k–εmodel and the Realizable k–εmodel,are tested in combination with two different approaches to solid phase turbulence,namely the dispersion and per phase approach.One focus of the current work is put on the study of different drag correlations.Besides the drag correlations by Syamlal et al.[Syamlal,M.,Rogers, W.,&O’Brien,T.J.(1993).MFIX documentation theory guide.Technical Report DOE/METC-94/1004,U.S. Department of Energy(DOE).Morgantown Energy Technology Center:Morgantown,WV]and Gidaspow [Gidaspow,D.(1994).Multiphase flow and fluidization.New York:Academic Press]the EMMS model has been used to determine the momentum exchange between the two phases.The resulting formulation is then used to simulate a 1-m×0.3-m cold CFB setup and is validated by experimental results[Schlichthrle, P.(2000).Fluid dynamics and mixing of solids and gas in the bottom zone of circulating fluidized beds. Unpublished doctoral dissertation,Technische Universitaet Hamburg-Harburg,Shaker Verlag:Aachen]. | Ernst-Ulrich Hartge Lars Ratschow Reiner Wischnewski Joachim Werther | 2009 | Particuology2009，7，4： | 39 |
| 2 | Simulation-supported measurements in large circulating fluidized bed combustors显示文摘The concept of simulation-supported measurement is suggested for the elucidation of processes occurring in the combustion chambers of large-scale circulating fluidized bed combustors where the desired information cannot be obtained by direct measurements.The concept is illustrated with the example of secondary air injection where the way the air is released,the penetration depth and the evenness of air distribution over the cross-sectional area of the combustion chamber are of interest.The measured information consists of lateral profiles of oxygen concentrations measured with gas sampling probes at two ports which were located 5 and 9 m,respectively,above the level of secondary air injection.The simulation is carried out on the basis of a 3D semi-empirical fluid-mechanical model of the circulating fluidized bed which is combined with models of gas and solids mixing,fuel distribution,devolatilization and combustion of char and volatiles.The combination of the simulation with the measurements yields a clear picture of the mechanism of secondary air injection,its penetration into the combustion chamber and its effect on the local combustion processes.The results confirm the usefulness of the concept of simulation-supported measurement for this application. | Joachim Werther Ernst-Ulrich Hartge Lars Ratschow Reiner Wischnewski | 2009 | Particuology2009，7，4： | 5 |
| 3 | Reactive gas-solids flows in large volumes—3D modeling of industrial circulating fluidized bed combustors显示文摘A model is presented for the simulation of reactive gas-solids flows in large industrial reactors. Circulating fluidized bed (CFB) combustors with several thousands of cubic meters reaction volume are probably the largest reactors of this type. A semi-empirical modeling approach has been chosen to model the three-dimensional concentration distributions of gas and solids components and temperatures inside the combustion chamber of such boilers. Two industrial CFB boilers are investigated in detail: the 105 MWe Duisburg combustor in Germany and the 235 MWe Turów combustor in Poland. The semi-empirical model approach is described first. Then the model is used to show how the three-dimensional concentration and temperature fields are formed by the interaction of several local phenomena. Good agreement between simulation and measurements has been achieved. | Reiner Wischnewski Lars Ratschow Ernst-Ulrich Hartge Joachim Werther | 2010 | Particuology2010，8，1： | 5 |
| 4 | Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation in ADHD:A Systematic Review of Efficacy,Safety,and Protocol-induced Electrical Field Modeling Results显示文摘Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)is a promising method for altering cortical excitability with clinical implications.It has been increasingly used in neurodevelopmental disorders,especially attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD),but its efficacy(based on effect size calculations),safety,and stimulation parameters have not been systematically examined.In this systematic review,we aimed to(1)explore the effectiveness of tDCS on the clinical symptoms and neuropsychological deficits of ADHD patients,(2)evaluate the safety of tDCS application,especially in children with ADHD,(3)model the electrical field intensity in the target regions based on the commonly-applied and effective versus less-effective protocols,and(4)discuss and propose advanced tDCS parameters.Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses approach,a literature search identified 14 empirical experiments investigating tDCS effects in ADHD.Partial improving effects of tDCS on cognitive deficits(response inhibition,working memory,attention,and cognitive flexibility)or clinical symptoms(e.g.,impulsivity and inattention)are reported in10 studies.No serious adverse effects are reported in 747 sessions of tDCS.The left and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex are the regions most often targeted,and anodal tDCS the protocol most often applied.An intensity of 2 mA induced stronger electrical fields than 1 mA in adults with ADHD and was associated with significant behavioral changes.In ADHD children,however,the electrical field induced by 1 mA,which is likely larger than the electrical field induced by 1 mA in adults due to the smaller head size of children,was sufficient to result in significant behavioral change.Overall,tDCS seems to be a promising method for improving ADHD deficits.However,the clinical utility of tDCS in ADHD cannot yet be concluded and requires further systematic investigation in larger sample sizes.Cortical regions involved in ADHD pathophysiology,stimulation parameters(e.g.intensity,duration,polarity,and electrode size),and types of symptom/deficit are potential determinants of tDCS efficacy in ADHD.Developmental aspects of tDCS in childhood ADHD should be considered as well. | Mohammad Ali Salehinejad Vahid Nejati Mohsen Mosayebi-Samani Ali Mohammadi Miles Wischnewski Min-Fang Kuo Alessio Avenanti Carmelo M・Vicario Michael A.Nitsche | 2020 | Neuroscience Bulletin2020，36，10： | 3 |
| 5 | Reconstructing climate variability on the northeastern Tibetan Plateau since the last Lateglacial – a multi-proxy, dual-site approach comparing terrestrial and aquatic signals显示文摘 | Juliane Wischnewski Steffen Mischke Yongbo Wang Ulrike Herzschuh | 2010 | Quaternary Science Reviews2010，，1： | 2 |
| 6 | Importance of the surveillance method: national prevalence studies on nosoeoeomial infections and its limits of eomparison 显示文摘 | Gastmeier P Kampf G Wischnewski N | 1998 | Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol1998，19，9： | 1 |
| 7 | Promoter demethylation and histone acetylation mediate gene expression of MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, and -A12 in human cancer cells 显示文摘 | Wischnewski F Pantel K Schwarzenbach H | 2006 | Mol Cancer Res2006，4，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Triple-negative breast cancer:the impact of guideline-adherent adjuvant treatment on the cumulative survival-a retrospective multicenter cohort study显示文摘 | Schwentner L Wolters R Wischnewsky M | 2012 | Breast Cancer Res Treat2012，132，3： | 1 |
| 9 | Efficacy and time course of the- ta burst stimulation in healthy humans 显示文摘 | Wischnewski M Schutter DJ | 2015 | Brain Stimulation2015，8，4： | 1 |
| 10 | Development of DNA-based methods to identify CITES-protected timber species:a case study in the Meliaceae family显示文摘 | Michael Hltken A Schrder H Wischnewski N | 2012 | Holzforschung2012，66，1： | 1 |
| 11 | Promoter demethyla- tion and histone acetylation mediate gene expression of MAGE- A1 ,-A2 ,-A3 ,and-A12 in human cancer cells 显示文摘 | Wischnewski F Pantel K Schwarzenbach H | 2006 | Mol Uancer Res2006，4，5： | 1 |
| 12 | Promoter demethyla tion and histone acetylation mediate gene expression of MAGE A1,-A2,-A3, and-A12 in human cancer cells显示文摘 | Wischnewski F Pantel K Schwarzenbach H | 2006 | Mol Cancer Res2006，4，5： | 1 |
| 13 | Molecular identification of Fitzroya eupressoides, Sequoia sempervirens, and Thuja plieata wood using taxon-specific rDNA-ITS primers显示文摘 | Hanssen F Wischnewski N Moreth U | 2011 | IAWA J2011，32，2： | 1 |
| 14 | Promoter demethy Iation and histone acetylation mediate gene expression of MAGEAl,-A2,-A3,and-A12 in human cancer cells显示文摘 | Wischnewski F Pantel K Schwarzenbach H | 2006 | Mol Cancer Res2006，4，5： | 1 |
| 15 | Methyl-Cp G binding domain proteins and their involvement in the regulation of the MAGE-A1,MAGE-A2,MAGE-A3,and MAGE-A12 gene promoters显示文摘 | Wischnewski F Friese O Pantel K | 2007 | Mol Cancer Res2007，5，7： | 1 |
| 16 | Promoter demethylation and historic acetylation mediate gene expression of MAGE-A1 ,-A2, -A3 ,and-A12 in human cancer Cells显示文摘 | Wischnewski F Pantel K Schwarzenbach H | 2006 | Mol Cancer Res2006，4，5： | 1 |
| 17 | Production of complex human glycoproteins in yeast显示文摘 | Gerngross TU Hamilton SR Bobrowicz P Bobrowicz B Davidson RG Li H J Mitchell T Nett JH Rausch S Stadheim TA Wischnewski H Wildt S | | 0，，5637： | 1 |
| 18 | Promoter demethylation and histone acetylation mediate gene expression of MAGE-A1, -A2, -A3, and -A12 in human cancer cells 显示文摘 | Wischnewski F Pantel K Schwarzenbach H | 2006 | Mol Cancer Res2006，4，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Recent ecological responses to climate variability and human impacts in the Nianbaoyeze Mountains (eastern Tibetan Plateau) inferred from pollen, diatom and tree-ring data显示文摘 | Wischnewski J Herzschuh U Ruhland K M | 2014 | Journal of Paleolimnology2014，51，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Humanization of yeast to produce complex terminally sialylated glycoproteins显示文摘 | Hamilton SR Davidson RC Sethuraman N Nett JH Jiang Y Rios S Bobrowicz P Stadheim TA Li H Choi B-K Hopkins D Wischnewski H Roser J Mitchell T Strawbridge RR Hoopes J Wildt S Gerngross TU | | 0，，5792： | 1 |
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