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| 1 | PM_(2.5)及其测量与影响研究简史显示文摘美国率先建立的国家环境空气质量标准(NAAQS)旨在保护公众健康,而该理念已被包括中国在内的众多国家所采用。针对大气悬浮颗粒物(PM),NAAQS根据PM在仪器检测以及人体吸入时的粒径选择性特征,定义了总悬浮颗粒(TSP)、PM_(10)、PM_(2.5)及其相应的质量浓度标准。这些指标的建立是基于长达300年来颗粒物监测技术发展及其危害评价的结果。因此2012年中国在颁布实施新PM_(2.5)空气质量标准时,PM_(2.5)的监测及评价方面有了更多科学积累与技术选择。本文简要回顾了PM的粒径分布、化学组成、可吸入特征、人体健康效应及空气质量标准等研究简史,根据其他国家的发展经验,提出中国在观测网络设计、测量仪器选择和使用、质量控制和质量保证及监测结果分析等方面需要确立自己独特的行业指南。对于未来空气质量的管理和标准制定,应同时考虑多种污染物及其对公众健康、能见度、气候、材料及生态系统的影响。 | CHOW Judith C 曹军骥 李顺诚 王小亮 WATSON John G | 2012 | 地球环境学报2012,3,5: | 17 |
| 2 | Lymph node metastases of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus and esophagogastric junction显示文摘背景食道的腺癌正在成为日益重要的 problem.It 大多数很快在最后十年在西方的国家一直在增加恶意,并且它的预后是这研究的 poor.The 目的是为食管和 esophagogastric 连接的腺癌评估在肿瘤侵略深度和淋巴节点转移之间的关系,并且学习组与 aden 包括了 121 个病人在 patients.Methods | ZHANG Xun David I Watson Glyn G Jamieson | 2007 | Chinese Medical Journal2007,,24: | 7 |
| 3 | 健康领域的文化能力显示文摘1背景
尽管人类对其他社会的兴趣纵贯历史的各个阶段,但是检验不同文化概念对人类健康实践的影响从20世纪才开始,当时是伴随着长期的人类学田野调查产生的,这些田野调查揭露了不同文化之间相关卫生实践的多样性、复杂性和连续性。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese j Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Home R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams AC Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016,9,2: | 5 |
| 4 | 甲醛固定石蜡包埋组织中DNA的降解情况显示文摘 | 田子强 刘俊峰 王贵英 Eric Smith Paul Drew David Watson Glyn G Jamieson | 2004 | 中华病理学杂志2004,33,3: | 4 |
| 5 | Cytoplasmic expression of p27^(kip1) is associated with a favourable prognosis in colorectal cancer patients显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the prognostic significance of p27kip1 in colorectal cancer patients. METHODS: Cytoplasmic and nuclear p27kip1 expression was evaluated in 418 colorectal cancers using tissue microarrays. Data were associated with known patient and tumor variables and long-term patient outcomes, providing further insight into the mechanisms by which p27kip1 may influence tumor development. RESULTS: Nuclear and cytoplasmic p27Kip1 expressions were detected in 59% and 19% of tumors respectively. Cytoplasmic p27Kip1 was almost invariably associated with positive nuclear p27Kip1 expression. Neither case correlat- ed with known clinical or pathological variables, includ- ing tumor stage, grade or extramural vascular invasion. Furthermore, nuclear p27kip1 expression had no impact on survival. However, we identified a significant correla- tion between expression of cytoplasmic p27kip1 and longer disease-specific survival times. On multivariate analysis, TNM stage and extramural vascular invasion were highly significant independent prognostic factors, with positive cytoplasmic p27 expression showing a trend towards im- proved patient survival (P = 0.059).CONCLUSION: These findings support the recent evi- dence that cytoplasmic p27kip1 has a distinct and impor- tant biological role that can influence tumor outcome. | Nicholas FS Watson Lindy G Durrant John H Scholefield Zahra Madjd Duncan Scrimgeour Ian Spendlove Ian O Ellis Poulam M Patel | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006,12,39: | 3 |
| 6 | PM 2.5 chemical source profiles for vehicle exhaust, vegetative burning, geological material, and coal burning in Northwestern Colorado during 1995显示文摘 | John G Watson Judith C Chow James E Houck | 2001 | Chemosphere2001,,8: | 2 |
| 7 | 文化、不平等性与卫生服务提供显示文摘1动态不平等性对基层医疗卫生人力的影响
政治、社会、文化、专业群体皆建立在一致且常规的人类行为之上。当遭受巨大变革和内外压力时,这些群体会变得十分脆弱。尤其在动荡时期,这些群体往往更关注社会和文化的差异性,而非二者的一致性。尽管社会中的个体思维和行为会呈现较大的差异,但对健康的感知具有统一性,并在更广范围人群内尤为突出,这主要归因于文化价值观的作用。广义的文化心态会随着时间和地理位置的不同而不同,就像健康的社会决定因素也会因文化类型的不同而产生差异。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese J Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Horne R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams A C Willott C Wilson J Woolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016,9,3: | 2 |
| 8 | 兵马俑博物馆冬季室内大气悬浮颗粒物与游客数量的关系显示文摘通过对秦始皇兵马俑博物馆铜车马展厅和一号坑室内采集的冬季大气悬浮颗粒物进行单颗粒分析,评价了在具有不同通风条件的两个展厅中,游客数量对大气悬浮颗粒物的影响。研究中采用配备能谱的扫描电子显微镜对单颗粒进行了形貌和元素组成分析,以判断室内悬浮颗粒的来源和化学组成差异,同时监测了两个展厅室内的微环境变化。结果显示,在铜车马展厅室内悬浮颗粒的昼夜质量浓度之比(1.30-3.12),明显高于同期的一号坑(0.96-2.59)和室外(0.68-1.79),表明在铜车马展厅游客数量对颗粒物质量浓度的贡献大于在一号坑内。室内、外对比的结果表明,悬浮颗粒物的质量浓度、粒径分布和颗粒类型等特性,在配备了机械通风设备的铜车马展厅中受游客数量的影响较大,而在自然通风为主的一号坑中,通风条件则成为决定因素。颗粒物组成分析显示,博物馆冬季的室内悬浮颗粒主要由黄土中的矿物颗粒、烟炱等低原子序数的颗粒、硫酸盐、燃煤飞灰和生物质颗粒组成。除烟炱和铝硅酸盐会造成对文物的脏污外,随着温、湿度的波动,硫酸钙的结晶、溶解、渗透和再结晶作用都会产生应力,导致兵马俑表面的风化。 | 胡塔峰 曹军骥 李旭祥 Lee Shun-Cheng Judith C Chow John G Watson 容波 | 2009 | 中国粉体技术2009,15,2: | 2 |
| 9 | The inefficiency of least squares显示文摘 | BLOOMFIELD P WATSON G S | 1975 | Biometrika1975,62,: | 2 |
| 10 | Kinetics of allergen-induced airway eosinophilic cytokine production and airway inflammation显示文摘 | GAUVREAU G M WATSON R M O'BYRNE P M | 1999 | Am J Respir Crit Care Med1999,160,2: | 1 |
| 11 | Visibility:Science and Regulation显示文摘 | WATSON J G | 2002 | J Air & Waste Manage Assoc2002,52,: | 1 |
| 12 | Hypertensive diseases of pregnancy and risk of hypertension and stroke in later life: results from cohort study 显示文摘 | Wilson B J Watson MS Prescott G J | 2003 | BMJ2003,326,: | 1 |
| 13 | Macrophage inflammatory protein 2 inhib-its beta-amyloid peptide(1-42)-mediated hippocampal neuronalapoptosis through activation of mitogen-activated protein kinaseand phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase signaling pathways显示文摘 | Watson K Fan G H | 2005 | MolPharmacol2005,67,3: | 1 |
| 14 | Methanol conversion to hydrocarbons over zeolite catalysts: Comments on the reaction mechanism for the formation of the first carbon-carbon bond显示文摘 | HUTCHINGS G J WATSON G W WlLLOCK D J | 1999 | Micropor Mesopor Mat1999,29,1: | 1 |
| 15 | Visibility:Science and Regulation显示文摘 | WATSON J G | 2002 | Journal of the Air and Waste Management Associa- tion2002,52,6: | 1 |
| 16 | Variant Cizl is a circu- lating biomarker for early-stage lung cancer 显示文摘 | Higgins G Roper K M Watson I J | 2012 | PNAS2012,109,45: | 1 |
| 17 | Protocol Scrubbing: Network Security through Transparent Flow Modification显示文摘 | WATSON D SMART M MALAN G R | 2004 | IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking (TON)2004,12,2: | 1 |
| 18 | Individual kernel weight distri-bution of 12 varieties of hard red winter wheat 显示文摘 | C A Watson E G Heyne | 1977 | Ceral Chem1977,54,1: | 1 |
| 19 | 医疗卫生保健文化的反思及促进健康与文化融合的建议显示文摘1医疗卫生保健文化的反思1.1健康文化与医学知识如果医务人员有充足的时间对患者进行诊断并帮助患者进行社区护理,就可在节省卫生费用的同时改善健康结果。整合型社区护理能缩小不同文化背景和群体健康需求的差异。然而,全球范围内对整合型社区护理的投入较少,原因之一就是20世纪对临床服务的重视弱化了卫生服务提供过程中的同情心理。当然,患者也对医学知识存在显性和隐性的影响(特别是当其因不遵医嘱而受到指责时)。 | Napier A D Ancarno C Butler B Calabrese J Chater A Chatterjee H Guesnet F Horne R Jacyna S Jadhav S Macdonald A Neuendorf U Parkhurst A Reynolds R Scambler G Shamdasani S Smith S Z Stougaard-Nielsen J Thomson L Tyler N Volkmann A M Walker T Watson J Williams A C Willott C Wilson JWoolf K | 2016 | 中国卫生政策研究2016,9,4: | 1 |
| 20 | Visibility of wavelet quantization noise显示文摘 | Watson A B Yang G Y Solomon J A | 1997 | IEEE Trans Image Proc1997,6,: | 1 |