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1中低收入国家癫痫过早死亡:国际抗癫痫联盟死亡率专业组系统评价显示文摘为了确定中低收入国家(Low-and middle-income countries,LMICs)癫痫相关的危险因素大小与过早死亡原因,专业组对来自LMICs(世界银行定义)的死亡率及癫痫相关文献报道进行系统检索,根据代表性,病例、诊断和死亡率的确证度对研究进行评估,并提取癫痫患者中的标准化死亡比(Standardized mortality ratios,SMR)和死亡率数据。研究调查了死亡的危险因素和原因。据估计,在高质量的群体研究中,癫痫患者年死亡率为19.8/1 000(9.7/1 000~45.1/1 000),加权中位SMR为2.6(1.3~7.2)。而临床队列研究显示的死亡率为7.1/1 000(1.6/1 000~25.1/1 000),加权中位SMR在男性中为5.0,女性中为4.5。在儿童和青少年、症状性癫痫或治疗依从性低的患者中发现了相对较高的SMR。群体研究显示,LMICs癫痫患者死亡的主要原因中直接归因于癫痫的平均比例死亡比(Proportional mortality ratio,PMR)为27.3%(5.0%~73.5%)。这些直接原因包括癫痫持续状态(报道的PMR为5.0%~56.5%)和癫痫猝死(Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy,SUDEP)(报道的PMR为1.0%~18.9%),与癫痫相关的间接死亡原因包括溺水、头部创伤和烧伤。LMICs癫痫患者的早亡率明显高于高收入国家。在LMICs,死亡率过高可能与患者难以获得医疗资源有关,例如发生癫痫持续状态时,以及包括溺水、头外伤和烧伤在内的可预防死因。这类过高的早亡率可以通过进行关于死亡风险的教育,提高治疗,包括抗癫痫药物治疗的可得性而大大降低。Levira F Thurman DJ Sander JW Hauser WA Hesdorffer DC Masanja H OdermattP Logroscino G Newton CR 陆璐 童馨 慕洁 2019癫痫杂志2019,5,1:2
2In vivo expression of p53 and Bcl-2 and their role in programmerd cell death in premalignant and malignant lung lesions显示文摘Koty PP Zhang H Franklin WA 2002Lung Cancer2002,35,2:1
3Neurotrophins in inflammatory lung diseases:modulators of cell differentiation and neuroimmune interactions显示文摘Nockther WA Renz H 2003Cytokine Growth Factor Rev2003,14,6:1
4Gefitinib (ZD1839) therapy for advanced brochioalverlar lung cancer (BAC) : Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) Study S0126显示文摘West H Franklin WA Gumerlock PH 2004Proc Am Soc Clin Oncol2004,23,:1
5Assessment of changes in the microor-ganism community in a biofilter显示文摘Grove JA Kautola H Javadpour S Moo-Young M Anderson WA 2004Biochemecal Enginee-ring Journal2004,18,:1
6Low temperature superplasticity of a fine-grained ZK60 magnesium alloy processed by equal-channel-an- gular extrusion 显示文摘H iroyuki Watanabe A Toshiji Mukai A Koichi Ishika- wa 2002Scripta Materialia2002,,46:1
7Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and intraoperative blood pressure显示文摘van Haelst IM van Klei WA Doodeman H J 0,,02:1
8Collective dynamics of 'small-world' networks 显示文摘WA'Iq'S D J STROGATZ S H 1998Nature1998,393,6684:1
9The significance of gastric residuals in the early enteral feeding advancement of ex- tremely low birth weight infants 显示文摘Mihatseh WA von Schoenaieh P Fahnenstich H 2002Pediatrics2002,109,3:1
10The wire drawing conducted in the R-phase of TiNi shape memory alloys显示文摘 Lin H C Yen Y C 2000Materials Letters2000,46,3:1
11Global burden of respiratory infections due to seasonal influenza in Young Children:a systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Nair H Brooks WA Katz W 2011Lancet2011,378,9807:1
12Pathologic featuresof extraosseous Ewing’s sarcoma:a report from the IntergroupRhabdomyosarcoma Study显示文摘Shimada H Newton WA Jr Soule EH 1988Hum Pathol1988,19,4:1
13Targeting TGF-β1 overexpression in renal disease: maximizing the antifibrotic action of angiotensin Ⅱ blockade 显示文摘Pecers H Border WA Noble NA 1998Kidney Int1998,,:1
14Remotely-controlled approach for stereo-tactic neurobiopsy显示文摘Liu H Hall WA Truwit CL 2002Comput Aided Surg2002,7,:1
15CC chemokine receptor 2 is required for macrophage infiltration and vascular hypertrophy in angiotensin Ⅱ-induced hypertension显示文摘Bush E Maeda N Kuziel WA Dawson TC Wilcox JN DeLeon H 2000Hypertension2000,36,3:1
16A new approach to UVblocking treatment for cotton fabrics 显示文摘Xin J H Daoud WA Kong YY 2004Textile Research Journal2004,74,2:1
17Leukemia-induced bone marrow deppression:effects of gangliosides on erythroid cell production显示文摘Sietsma H Kamps WA Dontje B 1999Int J Cancer1999,82,1:1
18Interleukin 10 controls neutrophilic infiltration,hepatocyte proliferation and liver inflammation and fibrosis显示文摘Louis H Vanlaethem JL Wa W 1998Hepatol1998,28,6:1
19Antimtlllerian hormone and pituitary gland activity after prolonged down - regulation with gosere- lin acetate显示文摘Mohamed KA Davies WA Lashen H 2006Fertil Steril2006,86,:1
20Cross - national Invariance of Dimensions Parental Rearing Behavior Brit 显示文摘Arrindell WA Perris C Perris H 1986J Psychiatry1986,148,:1
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